''Hypotrachyna vainioi'' is a species of
foliose lichen in the family
Parmeliaceae. It is found in Brazil.
Taxonomy
The lichen was
described as a new species in 2009 by
Harrie Sipman
Henricus (Harrie) Johannes Maria Sipman (born 1945) is a Dutch lichenologist. He specialises in tropical and subtropical lichens, and has authored or co-authored more than 250 scientific publications. He was the curator of the lichen herbarium ...
,
John Elix, and
Thomas Nash in their 2009
monograph
A monograph is a specialist work of writing (in contrast to reference works) or exhibition on a single subject or an aspect of a subject, often by a single author or artist, and usually on a scholarly subject.
In library cataloging, ''monograph ...
on the genus ''
Hypotrachyna''. The
type
Type may refer to:
Science and technology Computing
* Typing, producing text via a keyboard, typewriter, etc.
* Data type, collection of values used for computations.
* File type
* TYPE (DOS command), a command to display contents of a file.
* Ty ...
was collected by Sipman in September 1997. The
specific epithet
In taxonomy, binomial nomenclature ("two-term naming system"), also called nomenclature ("two-name naming system") or binary nomenclature, is a formal system of naming species of living things by giving each a name composed of two parts, bot ...
honours Finnish lichenologist
Edvard Vainio, "the first experienced lichenologist to do lichenological fieldwork in the tropics, in southeastern Brazil".
Description
''Hypotrachyna vainioi'' has a
corticolous thallus measuring wide. The individual lobes comprising the thallus are flat to somewhat convex with
entire margins, and measure wide. The upper surface of the thallus is pale grey with a smooth to shallowly wrinkled texture. The thallus completely lacks
soredia,
isidia,
pustules, dactyls (finger-like protrusions), and
lobule
In anatomy, a lobe is a clear anatomical division or extension of an organ (as seen for example in the brain, lung, liver, or kidney) that can be determined without the use of a microscope at the gross anatomy level. This is in contrast to t ...
s. The
medulla is white, while the lower surface is black to dark brown near the margins. The
apothecia are 2–10 mm wide with a dark brown disc.
Ascospores of ''H. vainioi'' are
ellipsoid
An ellipsoid is a surface that may be obtained from a sphere by deforming it by means of directional scalings, or more generally, of an affine transformation.
An ellipsoid is a quadric surface; that is, a surface that may be defined as the ...
and measure 10–12 by 5–8
μm
The micrometre ( international spelling as used by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures; SI symbol: μm) or micrometer (American spelling), also commonly known as a micron, is a unit of length in the International System of Unit ...
.
Chemistry
Major
secondary metabolites produced by the lichen are
lichexanthone in the upper cortex, and
echinocarpic acid in the
medulla. Minor compounds include
barbatic acid
Barbatic acid is an organic compound that is made by some lichens. It is in the structural class known as depsides. It is particularly common in the genera '' Usnea'' (the beard lichens) and '' Cladonia''.
History
The compound was first isolat ...
(minor),
conechinocarpic acid (minor),
subechinocarpic acid (minor),
4-O-demethylbarbatic acid (minor/trace),
obtusatic acid (trace), and
norobtusatic acid (trace).
Habitat and distribution
It is only known from the
type locality
Type locality may refer to:
* Type locality (biology)
* Type locality (geology)
See also
* Local (disambiguation)
* Locality (disambiguation)
{{disambiguation ...
in
Minas Gerais, Brazil. The
type
Type may refer to:
Science and technology Computing
* Typing, producing text via a keyboard, typewriter, etc.
* Data type, collection of values used for computations.
* File type
* TYPE (DOS command), a command to display contents of a file.
* Ty ...
was collected in the , near the , at an elevation of . ''Hypotrachyna vainioi'' grows as an
epiphyte
An epiphyte is an organism that grows on the surface of a plant and derives its moisture and nutrients from the air, rain, water (in marine environments) or from debris accumulating around it. The plants on which epiphytes grow are called phoroph ...
in open
scrubland
Shrubland, scrubland, scrub, brush, or bush is a plant community characterized by vegetation dominance (ecology), dominated by shrubs, often also including grasses, Herbaceous plant, herbs, and geophytes. Shrubland may either occur naturally or ...
.
References
Literature cited
*
{{Taxonbar, from=Q10530653
vainioi
Lichen species
Lichens of Southeast Brazil
Taxa named by John Alan Elix
Lichens described in 2009
Taxa named by Harrie Sipman
Taxa named by Thomas Hawkes Nash III