''Hypoaspis'' is a genus of
mite
Mites are small arachnids (eight-legged arthropods). Mites span two large orders of arachnids, the Acariformes and the Parasitiformes, which were historically grouped together in the subclass Acari, but genetic analysis does not show clear evid ...
s in the family
Laelapidae
The Laelapidae are a family (biology), family of mites in the order Mesostigmata. The family is also referred to in the literature as Laelaptidae, which may be the correct spelling.
Description
Laelapidae have a shield covering all or most of ...
.
Description
''Hypoaspis'' is superficially similar to related genera such as ''
Coleolaelaps'', ''
Mumulaelaps'' and ''
Promacrolaelaps''. It can be distinguished by: a rounded and oval dorsal shield without lateral incisions, and with 35–40 pairs of setae including one or more pairs of Zx setae; opisthonotal seta Z4 being very long and wavy; the sternal shield having a distinct anterior margin; h3 being longest out of the hypostomal setae; the first leg pair being longer than the third leg pair; the second and third femurs on each side with macrosetae present; the tarsus of the second leg pair with thick subterminal spines; and the post-anal seta shorter than or equal in length to the para-anal setae.
This genus of mites is often associated with beetles, especially
scarab beetles
The family Scarabaeidae, as currently defined, consists of over 30,000 species of beetles worldwide; they are often called scarabs or scarab beetles. The classification of this family has undergone significant change in recent years. Several sub ...
, but the nature of this association is uncertain. ''Hypoaspis'' may be
parasites
Parasitism is a Symbiosis, close relationship between species, where one organism, the parasite, lives on or inside another organism, the Host (biology), host, causing it some harm, and is Adaptation, adapted structurally to this way of lif ...
of eggs and larvae, or they may be
commensals
Commensalism is a long-term biological interaction (symbiosis) in which members of one species gain benefits while those of the other species neither benefit nor are harmed. This is in contrast with mutualism, in which both organisms benefit fro ...
that feed on beetle exudates or on other small invertebrates associated with beetles.
[
]
Biological control
The genus once contained the species ''H. aculeifer'' and ''H. miles'', which are used for biological pest control
Biological control or biocontrol is a method of controlling pests, such as insects, mites, weeds, and plant diseases, using other organisms. It relies on predation, parasitism, herbivory, or other natural mechanisms, but typically also invo ...
of sciarid and phorid fly larvae in mushrooms. However, these species have since been moved to genera '' Gaeolaelaps'' and '' Stratiolaelaps'', respectively.
Species
The composition of ''Hypoaspis'' is uncertain. It has historically been a large genus with multiple subgenera. It was later reduced to only the members of subgenus ''Hypoaspis (Hypoaspis)'' or ''Hypoaspis sensu stricto''.[ There are currently 36 species.]Hypoaspis acme
''Hypoaspis'' is a genus of mites in the family Laelapidae.
Description
''Hypoaspis'' is superficially similar to related genera such as '' Coleolaelaps'', '' Mumulaelaps'' and '' Promacrolaelaps''. It can be distinguished by: a rounded and ova ...
'' Womersley, 1955
* '' Hypoaspis aculeifer'' (G. Canestrini, 1884)
* '' Hypoaspis aculeiferoides'' Teng, 1982
* '' Hypoaspis acutiscutus'' (Teng, 1982)
* '' Hypoaspis analis'' Karg, 1982
* '' Hypoaspis angulatus'' (Berlese, 1916)
* '' Hypoaspis angusta'' Karg, 1965
* '' Hypoaspis anserina'' Karg, 1981
* '' Hypoaspis ardoris'' Karg, 1993
* '' Hypoaspis armstrongi'' (Womersley, 1956)
* '' Hypoaspis astronomica'' (C.L. Koch, 1839)
* ''Hypoaspis australis
''Hypoaspis'' is a genus of mites in the family Laelapidae.
Description
''Hypoaspis'' is superficially similar to related genera such as '' Coleolaelaps'', '' Mumulaelaps'' and '' Promacrolaelaps''. It can be distinguished by: a rounded and ova ...
'' Hull, 1923
* ''Hypoaspis austriacus
''Hypoaspis'' is a genus of mites in the family Laelapidae.
Description
''Hypoaspis'' is superficially similar to related genera such as '' Coleolaelaps'', '' Mumulaelaps'' and '' Promacrolaelaps''. It can be distinguished by: a rounded and ova ...
'' (Sellnick, 1935)
* ''Hypoaspis aviator
''Hypoaspis'' is a genus of mites in the family Laelapidae.
Description
''Hypoaspis'' is superficially similar to related genera such as '' Coleolaelaps'', '' Mumulaelaps'' and '' Promacrolaelaps''. It can be distinguished by: a rounded and ova ...
'' (Berlese, 1920))
* ''Hypoaspis baichengensis
''Hypoaspis'' is a genus of mites in the family Laelapidae.
Description
''Hypoaspis'' is superficially similar to related genera such as '' Coleolaelaps'', '' Mumulaelaps'' and '' Promacrolaelaps''. It can be distinguished by: a rounded and ova ...
'' Ma, 2000
* '' Hypoaspis barbarae'' Strong, 1995
* '' Hypoaspis barbatula'' Karg, 1989
* '' Hypoaspis berlesei'' Bernhard, 1973
* '' Hypoaspis bipennata'' Karg, 2003
* '' Hypoaspis bispinosa'' Karg, 1997
* '' Hypoaspis blattae'' Strong & Halliday, 1994
* '' Hypoaspis brevidentis'' Karg, 1978
* '' Hypoaspis brevipedestra'' Karg, 1985
* '' Hypoaspis brevipellis'' Karg, 1979
* '' Hypoaspis brevistilis'' Karg, 1978
* '' Hypoaspis campestris'' (Berlese, 1887)
* '' Hypoaspis cassoidea'' Karg, 1981
* '' Hypoaspis cerata'' Karg, 1982
* '' Hypoaspis changlingensis'' Ma, 2000
* '' Hypoaspis chelaris'' Teng, Zhang & Cui, 1992
* '' Hypoaspis chianensis'' Gu, 1990
* '' Hypoaspis chini'' (Bai & Gu, 1993)
* '' Hypoaspis chongqingensis'' Ma, Zhang & Li, 2003
* '' Hypoaspis ciconia'' Karg, 1979
* '' Hypoaspis claviger'' (Berlese, 1883)
* '' Hypoaspis collina'' Huhta & Karg, 2010[
* '' Hypoaspis elegantula'' (Berlese, 1903)
* '' Hypoaspis elimata'' Berlese, 1920
* '' Hypoaspis equitans'' (Michael, 1891)
* '' Hypoaspis euarmata'' Karg, 1996
* '' Hypoaspis eucapillata'' Karg, 2003
* '' Hypoaspis eugenitalis'' Karg, 1978
* '' Hypoaspis eupatori'' (Womersley, 1956)
* '' Hypoaspis eupraedonis'' Karg, 1989
* '' Hypoaspis eupygidialis'' Karg, 2003
* '' Hypoaspis euventricosa'' Karg, 1995
* '' Hypoaspis evansi'' Arutunian, 1993
* '' Hypoaspis expolita'' (Berlese, 1904)
* '' Hypoaspis exquisita'' Karg, 1989
* '' Hypoaspis femorata'' Karg, 1978
* '' Hypoaspis finitima'' (Berlese, 1903))
* '' Hypoaspis fishtowni'' Ruf & Koehler, 1993
* '' Hypoaspis formationis'' Karg, 1989
* '' Hypoaspis furcatoides'' Karg, 1981
* '' Hypoaspis glabra'' Karg, 1978
* '' Hypoaspis gladii'' Karg, 1993
* '' Hypoaspis gleba'' Karg, 1979
* '' Hypoaspis guttaforma'' Karg, 1989
* '' Hypoaspis guttulata'' Karg, 1978
* '' Hypoaspis haiyuanensis'' Bai, Chen & Gu, 1994
* '' Hypoaspis hefeiensis'' Xu & Liang, 1996
* '' Hypoaspis hermaphroditoides'' Oudemans, 1902
* '' Hypoaspis heteronychus'' (Womersley, 1956)
* '' Hypoaspis hoffmannae'' Smiley, Baker & Delfinado-Baker, 1996
* '' Hypoaspis hunanensis'' Ma & Zheng, 2000
* '' Hypoaspis inarmata'' Karg, 1997
* '' Hypoaspis inepilis'' Banks, 1916
* '' Hypoaspis integer'' (Berlese, 1911)
* '' Hypoaspis inversus'' (Banks, 1916)
* '' Hypoaspis isodentis'' Karg, 1989
* '' Hypoaspis isotricha'' (Kolenati, 1858)
* '' Hypoaspis jambar'' Ishikawa, 1985
* '' Hypoaspis krameri'' (G. Canestrini & R. Canestrini, 1881)
* '' Hypoaspis krantzi'' Arutunian, 1993
* '' Hypoaspis larvicolus'' Joharchi & Halliday, 2011]Hypoaspis miles
''Stratiolaelaps scimitus'' (formerly ''Hypoaspis miles'') is a small (0.5 mm) light brown mite that lives in the top layer of soil. As a natural predator of fungus gnat pupae and of the snail parasite '' Riccardoella limacum'' it is use ...
'' (Berlese, 1892)
* '' Hypoaspis militiformis'' Oudemans, 1902
* '' Hypoaspis millipedus'' (Rosario, 1981)
* '' Hypoaspis minusculus'' Banks, 1916
* '' Hypoaspis mohrii'' Ishikawa, 1982
* '' Hypoaspis moseri'' Hunter & Glover, 1968
* '' Hypoaspis mumai'' Hunter & Glover, 1968
* '' Hypoaspis nana'' (Mégnin, 1876)
* '' Hypoaspis nasoseta'' Karg, 1981
* '' Hypoaspis neimongolianus'' Ma-Liming & Wang-Shenron, 1998
* '' Hypoaspis neocuneifer'' Evans & Till, 1966
* '' Hypoaspis ningxiaensis'' (Bai & Gu, 1993)
* '' Hypoaspis nolli'' Karg, 1962
* '' Hypoaspis oblongus'' (Halbert, 1915)
* '' Hypoaspis onustus'' (Berlese, 1904)
* '' Hypoaspis oreithyiae'' (Walter & Oliver, 1989)
* '' Hypoaspis orientalis'' Bei & Yin, 2000
* '' Hypoaspis ornatus'' (Berlese, 1903)
* '' Hypoaspis ovatus'' Ma, Ning & You-Wen, 2003
* '' Hypoaspis ovisuga'' (Berlese, 1903)
* '' Hypoaspis pahabaeus'' (Rosario, 1981)
* '' Hypoaspis pannicula'' Karg, 1981
* '' Hypoaspis paraculeifer'' (Rosario, 1981)
* '' Hypoaspis paracuneifer'' Gu & Bai, 1992
* '' Hypoaspis passalus'' (Rosario, 1981)
* '' Hypoaspis paucidentis'' Karg, 1989
* '' Hypoaspis pellucida'' Berlese, 1904
* '' Hypoaspis penicillata'' Karg, 1979
* '' Hypoaspis picketti'' Hunter & Glover, 1968
* '' Hypoaspis pinnae'' Karg, 1987
* '' Hypoaspis postreticulatus'' Xu & Liang, 1996
* '' Hypoaspis praesternalis'' Willmann, 1949
* '' Hypoaspis praesternaloides'' Ma & Yin, 1998
* '' Hypoaspis praetarsalis'' Karg, 1978
* '' Hypoaspis pratensis'' Huhta & Karg, 2010[
* ''Hypoaspis surigaoensis'' Rosario, 1981
* ''Hypoaspis tengi'' Gu & Bai, 1991
* ''Hypoaspis tenuisetus'' (Rosario, 1981)
* ''Hypoaspis terrestris'' Leonardi, 1899
* ''Hypoaspis terrestrisimilis'' Ma, Zhang & Li, 2003
* ''Hypoaspis tetraspinae'' Karg, 1995
* ''Hypoaspis thysanifer'' (Zeman, 1982)
* ''Hypoaspis transversanalis'' Karg, 2000
* ''Hypoaspis tribina'' Karg, 1979
* ''Hypoaspis tridentata'' Karg, 1979
* ''Hypoaspis tridentifera'' Karg, 1978
* ''Hypoaspis tripodiger'' Berlese, 1916
* ''Hypoaspis trispinosa'' Berlese, 1920
* ''Hypoaspis tuberculata'' Masan, 1992
* ''Hypoaspis ungeri'' Karg, 1985
* ''Hypoaspis vacuus'' (Michael, 1891)
* ''Hypoaspis vanmoli'' Loots, 1980
* ''Hypoaspis verticis'' Karg, 1978
* ''Hypoaspis vertisimilis'' Karg, 1994
* ''Hypoaspis wangae'' (Bai & Gu, 1993)
* ''Hypoaspis weni'' Bai, Chen & Gu, 1994
* ''Hypoaspis womersleyi'' Domrow, 1957
* ''Hypoaspis wufengensis'' Liu & Ma, 2003
* ''Hypoaspis xiajiangensis'' (Liu & Ma, 2000)
* ''Hypoaspis yamanchii'' Ishikawa, 1982
* ''Hypoaspis yeruiyuae'' (Ma, 1995)
* ''Hypoaspis zhongweiensis'' (Bai & Gu, 1993)
* ''Hypoaspis zhoumanshuae'' Ma-Liming, 1997
]
References
External links
{{Taxonbar, from=Q1950632
Laelapidae