''Hypna'' is a butterfly
genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nom ...
of the family
Nymphalidae
The Nymphalidae are the largest family of butterflies, with more than 6,000 species distributed throughout most of the world. Belonging to the superfamily Papilionoidea, they are usually medium-sized to large butterflies. Most species have a red ...
. It is
monotypic
In biology, a monotypic taxon is a taxonomic group (taxon) that contains only one immediately subordinate taxon. A monotypic species is one that does not include subspecies or smaller, infraspecific taxa. In the case of genera, the term "unispe ...
, containing only ''Hypna clytemnestra'', the jazzy leafwing,
[Glassberg, Jeffrey. (2007) A Swift Guide to Butterflies of Mexico and Central America. Sunstreak Books Inc. p. 123.] marbled leafwing or silver-studded leafwing.
Description
''Hypna clytemnestra'' is the largest member of the tribe
Anaeini
Anaeini is a tribe of Neotropical brush-footed butterflies. Their wing undersides usually mimic dead leaves.
Included genera (and notable species) are:
* '' Anaea'' Hübner, 819/small>
''Anaeomorpha'' is sometimes placed here, but more often i ...
. This "leafwing butterfly" is quite uncommon. The uppersides of the forewings are black, with a few white spots on the margins and two large white transverse bands. The uppersides of the hindwings are mainly brown. The undersides
mimic
MIMIC, known in capitalized form only, is a former simulation computer language developed 1964 by H. E. Petersen, F. J. Sansom and L. M. Warshawsky of Systems Engineering Group within the Air Force Materiel Command at the Wright-Patterson AFB in ...
dead leaves, ranging from dark brown to whitish.
Larva
A larva (; plural larvae ) is a distinct juvenile form many animals undergo before metamorphosis into adults. Animals with indirect development such as insects, amphibians, or cnidarians typically have a larval phase of their life cycle.
...
e feed on ''
Croton floribundus'' (
Euphorbiaceae
Euphorbiaceae, the spurge family, is a large family of flowering plants. In English, they are also commonly called euphorbias, which is also the name of a genus in the family. Most spurges, such as '' Euphorbia paralias'', are herbs, but some, ...
), while adults feed on rotting fruits.
Distribution
''Hypna clytemnestra'' can be found from
Mexico
Mexico (Spanish: México), officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guatema ...
to the
Amazon basin.
Habitat
This butterfly can be found in the lowlands or the foothills, at an elevation of about above sea level.
Philately
This butterfly is on a
Cuba
Cuba ( , ), officially the Republic of Cuba ( es, República de Cuba, links=no ), is an island country comprising the island of Cuba, as well as Isla de la Juventud and several minor archipelagos. Cuba is located where the northern Caribbea ...
n stamp with a face value of ¢13.
Subspecies
* ''H. c. clytemnestra'' (Nicaragua - Brazil, Suriname)
* ''H. c. negra''
C. & R. Felder, 1862 (Peru, Bolivia, Panama)
* ''H. c. forbesi''
Godman & Salvin, 1884 (Brazil: Pernambuco)
* ''H. c. huebneri''
Butler, 1866 (Brazil)
* ''H. c. rufescens''
Butler, 1866 (Venezuela, Colombia)
* ''H. c. mexicana''
Hall, 1917 (Mexico: Oaxaca)
* ''H. c. corymbaensis''
Talbot, 1928 (Brazil: Mato Grosso)
* ''H. c. iphigenia''
Herrich-Schäffer, 1862 (Cuba)
["''Hypna''_Hübner,_[1819]"]
at_Markku_Savela's_''Lepidoptera_and_Some_Other_Life_Forms''
_Gallery
File:-_Nymphalidae_-_Hypna_clytemnestra-001.JPG.html" ;"title="819]"">"''Hypna'' Hübner, [1819]"
at Markku Savela's ''Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms''
Gallery
File:- Nymphalidae - Hypna clytemnestra-001.JPG">Specimen on display at the Civico Museo di Storia Naturale di Trieste
File:HypnaButler.jpg, Subspecies and forms from ''Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London'' (vol. 1866, plate XXIII)
References
Biolib
Butterflies of Amazonia
External links
Biolib
Tree of Life
Catalogue of Life
Charaxinae
Anaeini,
Nymphalidae of South America
Monotypic butterfly genera
Taxa named by Jacob Hübner
Fauna of Brazil
Butterflies described in 1777
Nymphalidae genera
{{Charaxinae-stub