In
pathology, hypertrophic decidual vasculopathy, abbreviated HDV, is the
histomorphologic
Histology,
also known as microscopic anatomy or microanatomy, is the branch of biology which studies the microscopic anatomy of biological tissues. Histology is the microscopic counterpart to gross anatomy, which looks at larger structures vis ...
correlate of
gestational hypertension, as may be seen in
intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR)
and
HELLP syndrome.
The name of the condition describes its appearance under the
microscope; the
smooth muscle
Smooth muscle is an involuntary non-striated muscle, so-called because it has no sarcomeres and therefore no striations (''bands'' or ''stripes''). It is divided into two subgroups, single-unit and multiunit smooth muscle. Within single-unit mus ...
of the
decidual (or
maternal)
blood vessels is
hypertrophic, i.e. the muscle part of the blood vessels feeding the placenta is larger due to cellular enlargement.
Morphologic features
The morphologic features of mild and moderate HDV include:
*Perivascular inflammatory cells,
*+/-Vascular thrombosis,
*Smooth muscle hypertrophy, and
*Endothelial hyperplasia.
Severe HDV is characterized by:
*Atherosis - foamy macrophages within vascular wall, and
*Fibrinoid necrosis of vessel wall (amorphous eosinophilic vessel wall).
See also
*
Fetal thrombotic vasculopathy
Fetal thrombotic vasculopathy is a chronic disorder characterized by thrombosis in the fetus leading to vascular obliteration and hypoperfusion.
It is associated with cerebral palsy and stillbirth.
It is more common in women who have diabetes m ...
*
Gestational diabetes
*
Placenta
*
Pregnancy
References
{{reflist
Pathology
Health issues in pregnancy