Hypericum Formosissimum
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''Hypericum formosissimum'' is a species of flowering plant in the family Hypericaceae, section Adenosepalum, in the ''
Hypericum huber-morathii ''Hypericum huber-morathii'' is a species of flowering plant in the St John's wort family Hypericaceae. It is a small perennial herb with few stems. It has narrow and brittle stems, thick leaves, flowers in clusters of varying numbers, small ye ...
'' group.


Taxonomy

''Hypericum formosissimum'' was first described in Zametki Sist. Geogr. Rast. (Notes on Systematics and Geography of Plants) in 1940 by
Armen Takhtajan Armen Leonovich Takhtajan or Takhtajian ( hy, Արմեն Լևոնի Թախտաջյան; russian: Армен Леонович Тахтаджян; surname also transliterated Takhtadjan, Takhtadzhi︠a︡n or Takhtadzhian, pronounced takh-tuh-JA ...
. The species was actually omitted by error from Norman Robson's comprehensive monograph of the genus ''Hypericum'' in 1981 but was later accepted as a valid species of the genus. The species is an extreme development of ''Adenosepalum'' and is confined to limestone rocks, a behavior shared with the other members of the ''huber-morathii'' group.


Description

''Hypericum formosissimum'' is a perennial herb that grows tall. It is glabrous (lacks hairs) and has numerous stems that are straggling and almost grow along the ground. The stems are slender, terete, brittle, and lack glands. The internodes are long, and most grow longer than the leaves. The leaves are and are petiolate (with stems).They have long lamina which are broadly ovate or almost circular and are a bluish-green color. The leaves have 2 lateral pairs of veins that ascend from the lower portion of the midrib and are difficult to see. The glands on the leaves are pale and dense and the intramarginal glands are black and spaced out. The species is 1-5 flowered from terminal nodes without any flowering branches below. The pedicels that hold the flowers are long. The bracts are small and are black and denticulate. The flowers are wide with rounded buds. The petals are a pale yellow and are 8 by 5 millimeters in size. The stamens number around 18–20, with the longest being around long. The seeds are brown and approximately long with linear-foveolate testa. The species flowers from June–July and fruits from July–August.


Distribution and habitat

The species is native to Turkey in central Anatolia as well as the Transcaucasus region, especially in Armenia and Azerbaijan. It is found in fissures of limestone rocks at elevations of above sea level.


Ecology

''H. formosissimum'' is an endangered species that occupies an area of less than 500 square kilometers. It was included in the Red Data Book of Armenia as a Rare Species (Category 2).


Chemistry

Unlike other species in sect. ''Adenosepalum'', ''H. formosissimum'' does not contain hypericin and
pseudohypericin Pseudohypericin is an aromatic polycyclic dione that is very closely related to hypericin. It is found most commonly in the St. John's wort family of plants, namely in ''Hypericum perforatum''. In preliminary studies in animal models, pseudohyper ...
, but only pseudohypericin. The species contains about 0.05% content pseudohypericin.


References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q17565782 formosissimum Flora of Asia Plants described in 1940