Hymenopterida is a
superorder of
insect
Insects (from Latin ') are pancrustacean hexapod invertebrates of the class Insecta. They are the largest group within the arthropod phylum. Insects have a chitinous exoskeleton, a three-part body ( head, thorax and abdomen), three ...
s, comprising
Hymenoptera and the orders of
Panorpida
Panorpida or Mecopterida is a proposed superorder of Endopterygota. The conjectured monophyly of the Panorpida is historically based on morphological evidence, namely the reduction or loss of the ovipositor and several internal characteristics, i ...
(
Mecoptera
Mecoptera (from the Greek: ''mecos'' = "long", ''ptera'' = "wings") is an order of insects in the superorder Endopterygota with about six hundred species in nine families worldwide. Mecopterans are sometimes called scorpionflies after their lar ...
,
Siphonaptera,
Diptera,
Trichoptera
The caddisflies, or order Trichoptera, are a group of insects with aquatic larvae and terrestrial adults. There are approximately 14,500 described species, most of which can be divided into the suborders Integripalpia and Annulipalpia on the b ...
and
Lepidoptera).
[Weaver J.S.I]
The Evolution And Classification Of Trichoptera, With A Revision Of The Lepidostomatidae And A North American Synopsis Of This Family.
Degree: Ph.D. Degree Year: 1983 Institute: Clemson University　The superorder is a member of
Endopterygota and most closely related to the orders of
Neuropterida and Coleopterida (
Coleoptera and
Strepsiptera
The Strepsiptera are an order of insects with eleven extant families that include about 600 described species. They are endoparasites in other insects, such as bees, wasps, leafhoppers, silverfish, and cockroaches. Females of most species never ...
).
Evolution
The cladogram based on a 2008
DNA and
protein
Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including catalysing metabolic reactions, DNA replication, res ...
analysis, shows the internal relationships of the superorder as a
clade of
Hymenoptera and the orders of
Panorpida
Panorpida or Mecopterida is a proposed superorder of Endopterygota. The conjectured monophyly of the Panorpida is historically based on morphological evidence, namely the reduction or loss of the ovipositor and several internal characteristics, i ...
.
See also
*
Hymenoptera Genome Database
*
Insects in literature (ant, bee, wasp)
*
Worker policing
Worker policing is a behavior seen in colonies of social hymenopterans (ants, bees, and wasps) whereby worker females eat or remove eggs that have been laid by other workers rather than those laid by a queen. Worker policing ensures that the o ...
References
External links
*
{{Authority control
Cenozoic insects
Extant Triassic first appearances
Insect superorders
Mesozoic insects
Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
Triassic insects
Endopterygota