''Hydriastele'' is a diverse and widespread genus of flowering plant in the palm family found throughout northern

Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a Sovereign state, sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous List of islands of Australia, sma ...

, Melanesia, Polynesia, and Southeast Asia. It consisted of just nine species until 2004, when molecular research, supported by morphologic similarities, led taxonomists to include the members of the ''Gulubia'', ''Gronophyllum'', and ''Siphokentia'' genera. About 40 species are now recognized.

Description

The palms now classified in this genus have uniting traits but are nonetheless diverse. Pleonanthy, monoecy, crownshafts, peduncular bracts, and the lack of armament characterize all members. The trunks may be solitary or suckering and may be diminutive to robust, spanning a range of heights. The leaves are pinnate and widely varied. The inflorescences are branched to three orders with both male and female flowers, some of which are beetle-pollinated.Uhl, Natalie W. and Dransfield, John (1987) ''Genera Palmarum - A classification of palms based on the work of Harold E. Moore''. Lawrence, Kansas: Allen Press. / The fruit may be ellipsoidal or spherical and colored yellow, orange, red, purple, or black when ripe, each with a single seed.

Taxonomy

The genus ''Hydriastele'' was first formally described in 1875 by

Hermann Wendland Hermann Wendland (October 11, 1825 in Herrenhausen – January 12, 1903 in Hanover) was a German botanist and gardener. He was a noted authority on the family Arecaceae (palms), on which he published a major monograph which formed the basis for t ...

and Carl Georg Oscar Drude in the journal '' Linnaea'' and the type species is ''

Hydriastele wendlandiana ''Hydriastele wendlandiana'', commonly known as Wendland's palm, cat o' nine tails, creek palm or kentia palm, is a tall, multi-stemmed tree in the palm family Arecaceae. It is native to New Guinea and the Australian states of Queensland and t ...

''. The genus name is derived from Greek, combining " hydriad", a water nymph in mythology, and "column".Riffle, Robert L. and Craft, Paul (2003) ''An Encyclopedia of Cultivated Palms''. Portland: Timber Press. /

Species list

The following is a list of ''Hydriastele'' species accepted by

Plants of the World Online Plants of the World Online (POWO) is an online database published by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. It was launched in March 2017 with the ultimate aim being "to enable users to access information on all the world's known seed-bearing plants by ...

as at December 2022: * ''

Hydriastele apetiolata ''Hydriastele'' is a diverse and widespread genus of flowering plant in the palm family found throughout northern Australia, Melanesia, Polynesia, and Southeast Asia. It consisted of just nine species until 2004, when molecular research, suppor ...

'' Petoe & W.J.Baker ( New Guinea) * '' Hydriastele aprica'' ( B.E.Young) W.J.Baker & Loo (New Guinea) * ''

Hydriastele beguinii ''Hydriastele'' is a diverse and widespread genus of flowering plant in the palm family found throughout northern Australia, Melanesia, Polynesia, and Southeast Asia. It consisted of just nine species until 2004, when molecular research, suppor ...

'' (

Burret Burret () is a commune in the Ariège department of southwestern France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of overseas regions and territories in t ...

) W.J.Baker & Loo ( Maluku) * '' Hydriastele biakensis'' W.J.Baker & Heatubun (New Guinea) * ''

Hydriastele bournae ''Hydriastele'' is a diverse and widespread genus of flowering plant in the palm family found throughout northern Australia, Melanesia, Polynesia, and Southeast Asia. It consisted of just nine species until 2004, when molecular research, suppor ...

'' W.J.Baker & D.Watling (

Fiji Fiji ( , ,; fj, Viti, ; Fiji Hindi: फ़िजी, ''Fijī''), officially the Republic of Fiji, is an island country in Melanesia, part of Oceania in the South Pacific Ocean. It lies about north-northeast of New Zealand. Fiji consists ...

) * ''

Hydriastele calcicola ''Hydriastele'' is a diverse and widespread genus of flowering plant in the palm family found throughout northern Australia, Melanesia, Polynesia, and Southeast Asia. It consisted of just nine species until 2004, when molecular research, suppor ...

'' W.J.Baker & Petoe (New Guinea) * ''

Hydriastele costata ''Hydriastele'' is a diverse and widespread genus of flowering plant in the palm family found throughout northern Australia, Melanesia, Polynesia, and Southeast Asia. It consisted of just nine species until 2004, when molecular research, suppor ...

F.M.Bailey Frederick Manson Bailey (8 March 1827 – 25 June 1915) was a botanist active in Australia, who made valuable contributions to the characterisation of the flora of Queensland. He was known by his middle name, Manson. Early life Bailey was b ...

(

Bismarck Archipelago The Bismarck Archipelago (, ) is a group of islands off the northeastern coast of New Guinea in the western Pacific Ocean and is part of the Islands Region of Papua New Guinea. Its area is about 50,000 square km. History The first inhabitants o ...

, New Guinea, Queensland) * '' Hydriastele cylindrocarpa'' (Becc.) W.J.Baker & Loo ( Santa Cruz Islands, Vanuatu) * ''

Hydriastele divaricata ''Hydriastele'' is a diverse and widespread genus of flowering plant in the palm family found throughout northern Australia, Melanesia, Polynesia, and Southeast Asia. It consisted of just nine species until 2004, when molecular research, suppor ...

'' Heatubun, Petoe & W.J.Baker (New Guinea) * ''

Hydriastele dransfieldii ''Hydriastele'' is a diverse and widespread genus of flowering plant in the palm family found throughout northern Australia, Melanesia, Polynesia, and Southeast Asia. It consisted of just nine species until 2004, when molecular research, suppo ...

'' (

Hambali Riduan Isamuddin also transliterated as Riduan Isamudin, Riduan Isomuddin, and Riduan Isomudin, better known by the ''nom de guerre'' Hambali, born as Encep Nurjaman (April 4, 1964) is the former military leader of the Indonesian terrorist orga ...

, Maturb., Wanggai & W.J.Baker) W.J.Baker & Loo (New Guinea) * '' Hydriastele flabellata'' (Becc.) W.J.Baker & Loo (New Guinea) * ''

Hydriastele gibbsiana ''Hydriastele'' is a diverse and widespread genus of flowering plant in the arecaceae, palm family found throughout northern Australia, Melanesia, Polynesia, and Southeast Asia. It consisted of just nine species until 2004, when molecular resea ...

'' (Becc.) W.J.Baker & Loo (New Guinea) * ''

Hydriastele hombronii Hydriastele hombronii (formerly ''Gulubia hombronii'') is a species of flowering plant in the family Arecaceae. It is a palm found only in Solomon Islands, where it grows on outcrops of ultrabasic soil on Choiseul, Santa Isabel, and several othe ...

'' (Becc.) W.J.Baker & Loo ( Solomon Islands) * ''

Hydriastele kasesa ''Hydriastele'' is a diverse and widespread genus of flowering plant in the palm family found throughout northern Australia, Melanesia, Polynesia, and Southeast Asia. It consisted of just nine species until 2004, when molecular research, suppor ...

'' (Lauterb.) Burret (Bismarck Archipelago) * '' Hydriastele kjellbergii'' (Burret) W.J.Baker & Loo (

Sulawesi Sulawesi (), also known as Celebes (), is an island in Indonesia. One of the four Greater Sunda Islands, and the world's eleventh-largest island, it is situated east of Borneo, west of the Maluku Islands, and south of Mindanao and the Sulu Ar ...

) * ''

Hydriastele lanata ''Hydriastele'' is a diverse and widespread genus of flowering plant in the arecaceae, palm family found throughout northern Australia, Melanesia, Polynesia, and Southeast Asia. It consisted of just nine species until 2004, when molecular resea ...

'' W.J.Baker & Petoe (New Guinea) * ''

Hydriastele ledermanniana ''Hydriastele'' is a diverse and widespread genus of flowering plant in the palm family found throughout northern Australia, Melanesia, Polynesia, and Southeast Asia. It consisted of just nine species until 2004, when molecular research, suppor ...

'' (Becc.) W.J.Baker & Loo (New Guinea) * ''

Hydriastele longispatha ''Hydriastele'' is a diverse and widespread genus of flowering plant in the palm family found throughout northern Australia, Melanesia, Polynesia, and Southeast Asia. It consisted of just nine species until 2004, when molecular research, suppor ...

'' (Becc.) W.J.Baker & Loo (New Guinea) * ''

Hydriastele lurida ''Hydriastele'' is a diverse and widespread genus of flowering plant in the palm family found throughout northern Australia, Melanesia, Polynesia, and Southeast Asia. It consisted of just nine species until 2004, when molecular research, suppor ...

'' (Becc.) W.J.Baker & Loo (New Guinea) * ''

Hydriastele macrospadix ''Hydriastele'' is a diverse and widespread genus of flowering plant in the arecaceae, palm family found throughout northern Australia, Melanesia, Polynesia, and Southeast Asia. It consisted of just nine species until 2004, when molecular resea ...

'' (Burret) W.J.Baker & Loo (Solomon Islands) * ''

Hydriastele manusii ''Hydriastele'' is a diverse and widespread genus of flowering plant in the palm family found throughout northern Australia, Melanesia, Polynesia, and Southeast Asia. It consisted of just nine species until 2004, when molecular research, suppor ...

'' ( Essig) W.J.Baker & Loo (Bismarck Archipelago) * ''

Hydriastele microcarpa ''Hydriastele microcarpa'' (formerly ''Gulubia microcarpa'') is a species of flowering plant in the family Arecaceae. It is found only in Fiji where it is threatened by habitat loss Habitat destruction (also termed habitat loss and habitat ...

'' (Scheff.) W.J.Baker & Loo (Maluku Islands) * ''

Hydriastele moluccana ''Hydriastele'' is a diverse and widespread genus of flowering plant in the palm family found throughout northern Australia, Melanesia, Polynesia, and Southeast Asia. It consisted of just nine species until 2004, when molecular research, suppor ...

'' (Becc.) W.J.Baker & Loo (Maluku Islands) * '' Hydriastele montana'' (Becc.) W.J.Baker & Loo (New Guinea) * ''

Hydriastele nannostachys ''Hydriastele'' is a diverse and widespread genus of flowering plant in the arecaceae, palm family found throughout northern Australia, Melanesia, Polynesia, and Southeast Asia. It consisted of just nine species until 2004, when molecular resea ...

'' W.J.Baker & Loo (Sulawesi) * ''

Hydriastele oxypetala ''Hydriastele'' is a diverse and widespread genus of flowering plant in the palm family found throughout northern Australia, Melanesia, Polynesia, and Southeast Asia. It consisted of just nine species until 2004, when molecular research, suppor ...

'' Burret) W.J.Baker & Loo (Maluku Islands) * ''

Hydriastele palauensis ''Hydriastele'' is a diverse and widespread genus of flowering plant in the palm family found throughout northern Australia, Melanesia, Polynesia, and Southeast Asia. It consisted of just nine species until 2004, when molecular research, suppo ...

'' (Becc.) W.J.Baker & Loo ( Caroline Islands) * ''

Hydriastele pinangoides ''Hydriastele'' is a diverse and widespread genus of flowering plant in the arecaceae, palm family found throughout northern Australia, Melanesia, Polynesia, and Southeast Asia. It consisted of just nine species until 2004, when molecular resea ...

'' (Becc.) W.J.Baker & Loo (New Guinea) * '' Hydriastele procera'' (Blume) W.J.Baker & Loo (New Guinea) * ''

Hydriastele ramsayi ''Hydriastele'' is a diverse and widespread genus of flowering plant in the arecaceae, palm family found throughout northern Australia, Melanesia, Polynesia, and Southeast Asia. It consisted of just nine species until 2004, when molecular resea ...

'' (Becc.) W.J.Baker & Loo ( Northern Territory) * ''

Hydriastele rheophytica ''Hydriastele'' is a diverse and widespread genus of flowering plant in the palm family found throughout northern Australia, Melanesia, Polynesia, and Southeast Asia. It consisted of just nine species until 2004, when molecular research, suppor ...

'' Dowe &

M.D.Ferrero Michael D. Ferrero (born 1968) is a botanist who specialises in the systematics and ecology of the Arecaceae, with emphasis on the genera, ''Calyptrocalyx'', ''Gronophyllum'', ''Hydriastele'' and has described more than 20 new species of palms. H ...

* ''

Hydriastele sarasinorum ''Hydriastele'' is a diverse and widespread genus of flowering plant in the palm family found throughout northern Australia, Melanesia, Polynesia, and Southeast Asia. It consisted of just nine species until 2004, when molecular research, suppo ...

'' (Burret) W.J.Baker & Loo (New Guinea) * ''

Hydriastele selebica ''Hydriastele'' is a diverse and widespread genus of flowering plant in the palm family found throughout northern Australia, Melanesia, Polynesia, and Southeast Asia. It consisted of just nine species until 2004, when molecular research, suppor ...

'' (Becc.) W.J.Baker & Loo (Sulawesi) * ''

Hydriastele simbiakii ''Hydriastele'' is a diverse and widespread genus of flowering plant in the palm family found throughout northern Australia, Melanesia, Polynesia, and Southeast Asia. It consisted of just nine species until 2004, when molecular research, suppor ...

'' Heatubun, Petoe & W.J.Baker (New Guinea) * ''

Hydriastele splendida ''Hydriastele'' is a diverse and widespread genus of flowering plant in the palm family found throughout northern Australia, Melanesia, Polynesia, and Southeast Asia. It consisted of just nine species until 2004, when molecular research, suppo ...

'' Heatubun, Petoe & W.J.Baker (New Guinea) * ''

Hydriastele variabilis ''Hydriastele'' is a diverse and widespread genus of flowering plant in the palm family found throughout northern Australia, Melanesia, Polynesia, and Southeast Asia. It consisted of just nine species until 2004, when molecular research, suppor ...

'' (Becc.) Burret (New Guinea) * ''

Hydriastele vitiensis ''Hydriastele'' is a diverse and widespread genus of flowering plant in the palm family found throughout northern Australia, Melanesia, Polynesia, and Southeast Asia. It consisted of just nine species until 2004, when molecular research, suppor ...

'' W.J.Baker & Loo (Fiji) * ''

'' (F.Muell.)

H.Wendl. Hermann Wendland (October 11, 1825 in Herrenhausen – January 12, 1903 in Hanover) was a German botanist and gardener. He was a noted authority on the family Arecaceae (palms), on which he published a major monograph which formed the basis for t ...

& Drude (New Guinea, Northern Territory, Queensland) * '' Hydriastele wosimiensis'' W.J.Baker & Petoe (New Guinea)

Distribution and habitat

Their known natural range includes a number of tropical settings in

, the Maluku Islands, New Guinea,

, the

, the Solomon Islands, New Hebrides,

, and Palau. Very often they are found in rain forests of the montane and low lying varieties or upon

ultrabasic Ultramafic rocks (also referred to as ultrabasic rocks, although the terms are not wholly equivalent) are igneous and meta-igneous rocks with a very low silica content (less than 45%), generally >18% MgO, high FeO, low potassium, and are compos ...

rock, limestone ridges and

serpentine Serpentine may refer to: Shapes * Serpentine shape, a shape resembling a serpent * Serpentine curve, a mathematical curve * Serpentine, a type of riding figure Science and nature * Serpentine subgroup, a group of minerals * Serpentinite, a ...

faces.

Cultivation and uses

Several of these palms are cultivated and typically require conditions resembling those of their range. The trunks of some species are used as wall and floorboard components in house construction or split and fashioned into spears.

References

External links

''Hydriastele'' on NPGS/GRIN

GBIF portal

Fairchild Guide to Palms: ''Hydriastele''

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Notes

:The original website at palmguide.org has been usurped and its full content is no longer available. This link is an incomplete archive of the original. {{Taxonbar, from=Q2711792 Areceae Arecaceae genera Taxa named by Carl Georg Oscar Drude