Hydrazinium is the

cation An ion () is an atom or molecule with a net electrical charge. The charge of an electron is considered to be negative by convention and this charge is equal and opposite to the charge of a proton, which is considered to be positive by convent ...

with the formula . This cation has a

methylamine Methylamine is an organic compound with a formula of . This colorless gas is a derivative of ammonia, but with one hydrogen atom being replaced by a methyl group. It is the simplest primary amine. Methylamine is sold as a solution in methanol, ...

-like structure (). It can be derived from

hydrazine Hydrazine is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula . It is a simple pnictogen hydride, and is a colourless flammable liquid with an ammonia-like odour. Hydrazine is highly toxic unless handled in solution as, for example, hydrazine ...

protonation In chemistry, protonation (or hydronation) is the adding of a proton (or hydron, or hydrogen cation), (H+) to an atom, molecule, or ion, forming a conjugate acid. (The complementary process, when a proton is removed from a Brønsted–Lowry acid, ...

(treatment with a

strong acid Acid strength is the tendency of an acid, symbolised by the chemical formula HA, to dissociate into a proton, H+, and an anion, A-. The dissociation of a strong acid in solution is effectively complete, except in its most concentrated solutions. ...

). Hydrazinium is a weak acid with p''K''_a = 8.1.

Salts In chemistry, a salt is a chemical compound consisting of an ionic assembly of positively charged cations and negatively charged anions, which results in a compound with no net electric charge. A common example is table salt, with positively cha ...

of hydrazinium are common

reagent In chemistry, a reagent ( ) or analytical reagent is a substance or compound added to a system to cause a chemical reaction, or test if one occurs. The terms ''reactant'' and ''reagent'' are often used interchangeably, but reactant specifies a ...

s in chemistry and are often used in certain industrial processes.Jean-Pierre Schirmann, Paul Bourdauducq "Hydrazine" in ''Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry'', Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2002. . Notable examples are

hydrazinium hydrogensulfate Hydrazine sulfate, more properly hydrazinium hydrogensulfate, is a salt of the cation hydrazinium and the anion bisulfate (hydrogensulfate), with the formula or more properly . It is a white, water-soluble solid at room temperature. Hydrazine s ...

, or , and

hydrazinium azide Hydrazinium azide or hydrazine azide is a chemical compound with formula or . It is a salt of the hydrazinium cation and the azide anion . It can be seen as a derivative of hydrazine and hydrazoic acid . It is an unstable solid. The com ...

, or . In the common names of such salts, the cation is often called "hydrazine", as in "

hydrazine sulfate Hydrazine sulfate, more properly hydrazinium hydrogensulfate, is a salt of the cation hydrazinium and the anion bisulfate (hydrogensulfate), with the formula or more properly . It is a white, water-soluble solid at room temperature. Hydrazine ...

" for hydrazinium hydrogensulfate. The terms "hydrazinium" and "hydrazine" may also be used for the doubly protonated cation , more properly called hydrazinediium or hydrazinium(2+). This cation has an

ethane Ethane ( , ) is an organic chemical compound with chemical formula . At standard temperature and pressure, ethane is a colorless, odorless gas. Like many hydrocarbons, ethane is isolated on an industrial scale from natural gas and as a petr ...

-like structure (). Salts of this cation include

hydrazinediium sulfate Hydrazinium is the cation with the formula . This cation has a methylamine-like structure (). It can be derived from hydrazine by protonation (treatment with a strong acid). Hydrazinium is a weak acid with p''K''a = 8.1. Salts of hydrazinium ...

and

hydrazinediium bis(6-carboxypyridazine-3-carboxylate) Hydrazinium is the cation with the formula . This cation has a methylamine-like structure (). It can be derived from hydrazine by protonation (treatment with a strong acid). Hydrazinium is a weak acid with PKa, p''K''a = 8.1. Salt (chemistry), S ...

, .W. Starosta and J. Leciejewicz (2008), "Hydrazinediium bis(6-carboxypyridazine-3-carboxylate) dihydrate". Acta Crystallographica, volume E64, article o461.

References

{{Reflist Hydrazinium compounds Cations

See also

References