''Hydnophlebia'' is a genus of five species of toothed crust fungi in the family

Meruliaceae The Meruliaceae are a family of fungi in the order Polyporales. According to a 2008 estimate, the family contains 47 genera and 420 species. , Index Fungorum accepts 645 species in the family. Taxonomy The family was formally circumscribed by E ...

. All species are wood-decay fungi that cause a white rot.

Taxonomy

The genus was

circumscribed In geometry, the circumscribed circle or circumcircle of a polygon is a circle that passes through all the vertices of the polygon. The center of this circle is called the circumcenter and its radius is called the circumradius. Not every polyg ...

by Estonian mycologist

Erast Parmasto Erast Parmasto (28 October 1928 – 24 April 2012) was a noted Estonian mycologist, bioscientist and botanist and onetime director of the Estonian Institute of Zoology and Botany. Parmasto was born in Nõmme. He became a member of the Estonian I ...

in 1967. The type species, '' H. chrysorhiza'', was originally named ''Hydnum chrysorhizon'' by botanist

John Torrey John Torrey (August 15, 1796 – March 10, 1873) was an American botany, botanist, chemist, and physician. Throughout much of his career, he was a teacher of chemistry, often at multiple universities, while he also pursued botanical work, focus ...

in 1822. The genus remained monotypic until Kurt Hjortstam and

Leif Ryvarden Leif Randulff Ryvarden (born 9 August 1935) is a Norwegian mycologist. Early life and education Leif Ryvarden was born in Bergen as a son of Einar Norberg Johansen (1900–1959) and Hjørdis Randulff (1912–1975). He finished his secondary edu ...

transferred '' H. omnivora'' (previously ''Hydnum omnivorum'' Shear) to the genus in 2009. Three species discovered in the

Canary Islands The Canary Islands (; es, Canarias, ), also known informally as the Canaries, are a Spanish autonomous community and archipelago in the Atlantic Ocean, in Macaronesia. At their closest point to the African mainland, they are west of Morocc ...

and

Cape Verde , national_anthem = () , official_languages = Portuguese , national_languages = Cape Verdean Creole , capital = Praia , coordinates = , largest_city = capital , demonym ...

archipelago were added to the genus is 2017.

Description

The

fruit bodies The sporocarp (also known as fruiting body, fruit body or fruitbody) of fungi is a multicellular structure on which spore-producing structures, such as basidia or asci, are borne. The fruitbody is part of the sexual phase of a fungal life cyc ...

of ''Hydnophlebia'' are reddish-orange crusts that can be peeled from the

substrate Substrate may refer to: Physical layers *Substrate (biology), the natural environment in which an organism lives, or the surface or medium on which an organism grows or is attached ** Substrate (locomotion), the surface over which an organism lo ...

. The spore-bearing area (the

hymenium The hymenium is the tissue layer on the hymenophore of a fungal fruiting body where the cells develop into basidia or asci, which produce spores. In some species all of the cells of the hymenium develop into basidia or asci, while in others some ...

) comprises small cylindrical "teeth" up to 1–1.5 mm long. The

hypha A hypha (; ) is a long, branching, filamentous structure of a fungus, oomycete, or actinobacterium. In most fungi, hyphae are the main mode of vegetative growth, and are collectively called a mycelium. Structure A hypha consists of one or ...

l system is monomitic, comprising only generative hyphae. Hyphae in the subiculum (a layer of loosely intertwined hyphae on the substrate that supports the fruit body) are thick-walled, hyaline to slightly yellowish, and encrusted. Other hyphae in the fruit body are somewhat to completely

hyaline A hyaline substance is one with a glassy appearance. The word is derived from el, ὑάλινος, translit=hyálinos, lit=transparent, and el, ὕαλος, translit=hýalos, lit=crystal, glass, label=none. Histopathology Hyaline cartilage is ...

(translucent) and have a wall thickness ranging from thin to moderately thick. Cystidia are sparse and tubular, hyaline, thin-walled or have a slight wall thickening. The spores are

ellipsoid An ellipsoid is a surface that may be obtained from a sphere by deforming it by means of directional scalings, or more generally, of an affine transformation. An ellipsoid is a quadric surface; that is, a surface that may be defined as the ...

, smooth, thin-walled, and generally measure up to 4–5

μm The micrometre ( international spelling as used by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures; SI symbol: μm) or micrometer (American spelling), also commonly known as a micron, is a unit of length in the International System of Unit ...

long.

Species

*''

Hydnophlebia canariensis ''Hydnophlebia'' is a genus of five species of hydnoid fungus, toothed crust fungi in the family Meruliaceae. All species are wood-decay fungi that cause a Wood-decay fungus#White rot, white rot. Taxonomy The genus was circumscription (taxonomy) ...

'' Telleria, M.Dueñas & M.P.Martín (2017) *'' Hydnophlebia chrysorhiza'' (Torr.) Parmasto (1967) *'' Hydnophlebia gorgonea'' Telleria, M.Dueñas & M.P.Martín (2017) *'' Hydnophlebia meloi'' Telleria, M.Dueñas & M.P.Martín (2017) *'' Hydnophlebia omnivora'' (Shear) Hjortstam & Ryvarden (2009)

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q5229580 Meruliaceae Polyporales genera