''Hyalomma'' is a genus of hard-bodied ticks common in Asia, Europe, and North Africa. They are also found in Southern Africa. The name is derived from Greek: hyalos (ὕαλος) crystal, glass; and omma (oμμα) eye. The genus is believed to originate from the area of the present-day Iran or the southern part of the former Soviet Union, having then had spread further into Asia, including the Middle East, and to southern Europe and Africa. ''Hyalomma'' are larger in size and do not have protective shields (indistinct festoons), but have eyes and banded legs. ''Hyalomma'' species are difficult to identify due to their hybridization and genetic and morphological variations, caused by harsh environmental conditions and lack of food sources. ''Hyalomma'' species are the only ticks to live in such harsh desert conditions. With few hosts available, they are required to be active as soon as a potential host is sensed. Adult ''Hyalomma'' can bite humans and transmit serious pathogens. Immature ( nymph) ''Hyalomma'' usually feed on birds, rodents, and hares and can be the cause of viral disease and

rickettsia ''Rickettsia'' is a genus of nonmotile, gram-negative, nonspore-forming, highly pleomorphic bacteria that may occur in the forms of cocci (0.1 μm in diameter), bacilli (1–4 μm long), or threads (up to about 10 μm long). The term "rickett ...

s. Nymphs are often transmitted from one place to another by migrating birds. For example, a migrating bird carrying a ''Hyalomma marginatum'' nymph can cause Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever. ''Hyalomma'' species can also transmit

s like

Siberian tick typhus North Asian tick typhus also known as Siberian tick typhus, is a condition characterized by a maculopapular rash. It is associated with '' Rickettsia sibirica''. See also * Flinders Island spotted fever * Queensland tick typhus Queensland tic ...

Boutonneuse fever Boutonneuse fever (also called, Mediterranean spotted fever, ''fièvre boutonneuse'', Kenya tick typhus, Indian tick typhus, Marseilles fever, or Astrakhan fever) is a fever as a result of a rickettsial infection caused by the bacterium '' Ricketts ...

, and Q fever.

Species

* '' Hyalomma aegyptium'' Linnaeus, 1758 * '' Hyalomma albiparmatum'' Schulze, 1919 * ''

Hyalomma anatolicum ''Hyalomma'' is a genus of hard-bodied ticks common in Asia, Europe, and North Africa. They are also found in Southern Africa. The name is derived from Greek: hyalos (ὕαλος) crystal, glass; and omma (oμμα) eye. The genus is believed to ...

'', parasite of camel ** '' Hyalomma anatolicum excavatum'' * '' Hyalomma arabica'' Pegram, Hoogstraal & Wassef, 1982 * ''

Hyalomma brevipunctata ''Hyalomma brevipunctata'', or Sharif's Indian hyalomma, is a hard-bodied tick of the family Ixodidae. It is found in India and Sri Lanka. Parasitism It is an obligate ectoparasite of mammals such as cattle, goats, buffaloes, dogs, camels. Rare ...

'' Sharif, 1928 * ''

Hyalomma dromedarii ''Hyalomma dromedarii'' is a species of hard-bodied ticks belonging to the family Ixodidae. Description The dorsal shield ( conscutum) of males can reach a length of . These hard-bodied ticks are broadly oval in shape. The basic color is yellow- ...

'' Koch, 1844 * '' Hyalomma erythraeum'' Tonelli-Rondelli, 1932 * '' Hyalomma franchinii'' Tonelli-Rondelli, 1932 * '' Hyalomma hussaini'' Sharif, 1928 * '' Hyalomma hystricis'' Dhanda & Raja, 1974 * '' Hyalomma impeltatum'' Schulze & Schlottke, 1930 * '' Hyalomma impressum'' Koch, 1844 * '' Hyalomma kumari'' Sharif, 1928 * '' Hyalomma lusitanicum'' Koch, 1844 * ''

Hyalomma marginatum ''Hyalomma marginatum'' is a hard-bodied tick found on birds including the pale crag martin. This tick has been implicated in the transmission of Bahig virus, a pathogenic arbovirus previously thought to be transmitted only by mosquitoes. The ...

'' Koch, 1844 * '' Hyalomma nitidum'' Schulze, 1919 * '' Hyalomma punt'' Hoogstraal, Kaiser & Pedersen, 1969 * '' Hyalomma rhipicephaloides'' Neumann, 1901 * ''

Hyalomma schulzei ''Hyalomma'' is a genus of hard-bodied ticks common in Asia, Europe, and North Africa. They are also found in Southern Africa. The name is derived from Greek language, Greek: hyalos (ὕαλος) crystal, glass; and omma (oμμα) eye. The genus ...

'' Olenev, 1931 * '' Hyalomma scupense'' Schulze, 1919 * '' Hyalomma sinaii'' Feldman-Muhsam, 1960 * ''

Hyalomma truncatum ''Hyalomma truncatum'', also known as the shiny hyalomma or small smooth bont-legged tick, is a species of hard tick in the family Ixodidae. It is found in Africa. References Further reading * Ticks Ixodidae Arachnids of Africa Taxa ...

'' Koch, 1844 * ''

Hyalomma turanicum ''Hyalomma'' is a genus of hard-bodied ticks common in Asia, Europe, and North Africa. They are also found in Southern Africa. The name is derived from Greek: hyalos (ὕαλος) crystal, glass; and omma (oμμα) eye. The genus is believed to ...

'' Pomerantsev, 1946

References

External links

Tick bite disease in Turkey
Ticks Acari genera Ixodidae Taxa named by Carl Ludwig Koch {{parasitic animal-stub