Hyaenodontidae ("

hyena Hyenas, or hyaenas (from Ancient Greek , ), are feliform carnivoran mammals of the family Hyaenidae . With only four extant species (each in its own genus), it is the fifth-smallest family in the Carnivora and one of the smallest in the clas ...

teeth") is a family of extinct predatory

mammal Mammals () are a group of vertebrate animals constituting the class Mammalia (), characterized by the presence of mammary glands which in females produce milk for feeding (nursing) their young, a neocortex (a region of the brain), fur or ...

s from extinct superfamily Hyaenodontoidea within extinct order Hyaenodonta. Hyaenodontids arose during the early Eocene and persisted well into the early Miocene. Fossils of this group have been found in Asia,

North America North America is a continent in the Northern Hemisphere and almost entirely within the Western Hemisphere. It is bordered to the north by the Arctic Ocean, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, to the southeast by South America and the Car ...

and Europe.The Paleobiology Database Hyaenodontidae page
/ref> (1985): ''The Field Guide to Prehistoric Life.'' Facts on File Publications, New York.

Classification and phylogeny

Taxonomy

* Family: †Hyaenodontidae ** Genus: †'' Boritia'' *** †''Boritia duffaudi'' ** Genus: †'' Neosinopa'' *** †''Neosinopa gobiensis'' ** Genus: †'' Praecodens'' *** †''Praecodens acutus'' ** Genus: †'' Preregidens'' *** †''Preregidens langebadrae'' ** Genus: †'' Protoproviverra'' *** †''Protoproviverra palaeonictides'' ** (unranked): †''Cynohyaenodon''/''Quercytherium'' clade *** Genus: †'' Cynohyaenodon'' ^{(paraphyletic

In taxonomy (general), taxonomy, a group is paraphyletic if it consists of the group's most recent common ancestor, last common ancestor and most of its descendants, excluding a few Monophyly, monophyletic subgroups. The group is said to be pa ...
genus)} **** †''Cynohyaenodon cayluxi'' **** †''Cynohyaenodon lautricensis'' **** †''Cynohyaenodon ruetimeyeri'' **** †''Cynohyaenodon smithae'' **** †''Cynohyaenodon trux'' *** Genus: †'' Paracynohyaenodon'' **** †''Paracynohyaenodon magnus'' **** †''Paracynohyaenodon schlosseri'' *** Genus: †'' Quercytherium'' **** †''Quercytherium simplicidens'' **** †''Quercytherium tenebrosum'' ** (unranked): †''Eurotherium'' clade *** Genus: †'' Alienetherium'' **** †''Alienetherium buxwilleri'' *** Genus: †'' Cartierodon'' **** †''Cartierodon egerkingensis'' *** Genus: †'' Eurotherium'' ^{(paraphyletic genus)} **** †''Eurotherium mapplethorpei'' **** †''Eurotherium matthesi'' **** †''Eurotherium theriodis'' *** Genus: †'' Paenoxyaenoides'' **** †''Paenoxyaenoides liguritor'' *** Genus: †'' Prodissopsalis'' **** †''Prodissopsalis eocaenicus'' ** (unranked): †''Leonhardtina'' clade *** Genus: †'' Leonhardtina'' **** †''Leonhardtina godinoti'' **** †''Leonhardtina gracilis'' **** †''Leonhardtina meridianum'' ** (unranked): †''Matthodon'' clade *** Genus: †'' Matthodon'' **** †''Matthodon menui'' **** †''Matthodon peignei'' **** †''Matthodon tritens'' ** (unranked): †''Oxyaenoides'' clade *** Subfamily: † Oxyaenoidinae (syn. Francotheriini ) **** Genus: †'' Oxyaenoides'' ***** †''Oxyaenoides aumelasiensis'' ***** †''Oxyaenoides bicuspidens'' ***** †''Oxyaenoides lindgreni'' ***** †''Oxyaenoides schlosseri'' ** Subfamily: † Hyaenodontinae *** Genus: †'' Consobrinus'' **** †''Consobrinus quercy'' *** Genus: †'' Propterodon'' ^{(paraphyletic genus)} **** †''Propterodon morrisi'' **** †''Propterodon paganensis'' **** †''Propterodon tongi'' **** †''Propterodon witteri'' *** Tribe: † Epipterodontini **** Genus: †'' Epipterodon'' ***** †''Epipterodon hyaenoides'' **** Genus: †'' Immanopterodon'' ***** †''Immanopterodon acutidens'' ***** †''Immanopterodon implacidus'' *** Tribe: † Hyaenodontini **** Genus: †'' Hyaenodon'' ***** †''Hyaenodon brachyrhynchus'' ***** †''Hyaenodon chunkhtensis'' ***** †''Hyaenodon dubius'' ***** †''Hyaenodon eminus'' ***** †''Hyaenodon exiguus'' ***** †''Hyaenodon filholi'' ***** †''Hyaenodon gervaisi'' ***** †''Hyaenodon heberti'' ***** †''Hyaenodon leptorhynchus'' ***** †''Hyaenodon minor'' ***** †''Hyaenodon pervagus'' ***** †''Hyaenodon pumilus'' ***** †''Hyaenodon requieni'' ***** †''Hyaenodon rossignoli'' ***** †''Hyaenodon weilini'' ***** †''Hyaenodon yuanchuensis'' ***** Subgenus: †'' Neohyaenodon'' ^{(paraphyletic subgenus)} ****** †''Hyaenodon gigas'' ****** †''Hyaenodon horridus'' ****** †''Hyaenodon incertus'' ****** †''Hyaenodon macrocephalus'' ****** †''Hyaenodon megaloides'' ****** †''Hyaenodon milvinus'' ****** †''Hyaenodon mongoliensis'' ****** †''Hyaenodon montanus'' ****** †''Hyaenodon vetus'' ***** Subgenus: †''

Protohyaenodon ''Hyaenodon'' ("hyena-tooth") is an extinct genus of carnivorous hyaenodont mammals from tribe Hyaenodontini, within subfamily Hyaenodontinae in family Hyaenodontidae,Malcolm C. McKenna, Susan K. Bell (1997."Classification of Mammals: Above the S ...

'' ^{(paraphyletic subgenus)} ****** †''Hyaenodon brevirostrus'' ****** †''Hyaenodon crucians'' ****** †''Hyaenodon microdon'' ****** †''Hyaenodon mustelinus'' ****** †''Hyaenodon raineyi'' ****** †''Hyaenodon venturae''

Phylogeny

The phylogenetic relationships of family Hyaenodontidae are shown in the following cladograms:

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q133583 Hyaenodonts Eocene mammals Eocene extinctions Eocene mammals of North America Prehistoric carnivorans of North America Extinct mammals of North America Prehistoric mammal families