The Hungarian Defense is a
chess opening that begins with the moves:
:1.
e4 e5
:2.
Nf3 Nc6
:3.
Bc4 Be7
The Hungarian Defense is a line in the
Italian Game
The Italian Game is a family of chess openings beginning with the moves:
:1. e4 e5
:2. Nf3 Nc6
:3. Bc4
This opening is defined by the of the white bishop to c4 (the so-called ""), where it attacks Black's vulnerable f7-square. It is part ...
typically chosen as a response to the aggressive 3.Bc4. With the move 3...Be7, Black avoids the complexities of the
Giuoco Piano
The Giuoco Piano (Italian: "Quiet Game"; ), also called the Italian Opening, is a chess opening beginning with the moves:
:1. e4 e5
:2. Nf3 Nc6
:3. Bc4 Bc5
"White aims to develop quickly – but so does Black. White can construct a pawn cen ...
(3...Bc5),
Evans Gambit
The Evans Gambit is a chess opening characterised by the moves:
:1. e4 e5
:2. Nf3 Nc6
:3. Bc4 Bc5
:4. b4
The Evans Gambit is an aggressive line of the Giuoco Piano. White offers a pawn to divert the black bishop on c5. If Black accepts ...
(3...Bc5 4.b4), and
Two Knights Defense
The Two Knights Defense is a chess opening that begins with the moves:
:1. e4 e5
:2. Nf3 Nc6
:3. Bc4 Nf6
First recorded by Giulio Cesare Polerio (c. 1550 – c. 1610) in the late 16th century, this line of the Italian Game was extensiv ...
(3...Nf6).
White has an advantage in and freer , so Black must be prepared to defend a cramped position. According to
Harding and
Botterill, "The Hungarian Defence can only be played for a draw. White should have an edge in most lines."
The opening is seldom seen in modern play. It has been played on occasion by some
grandmasters with strong defensive-, including
Reshevsky,
Hort Hort may refer to:
People
* Erik Hort (born 1987), American soccer player
* F. J. A. Hort (1828–1892), Irish theologian
* Greta Hort (1903–1967), Danish-born literature professor
* Josiah Hort (c. 1674–1751), English clergyman of the Chu ...
, and former
world champions Petrosian and
Smyslov.
The variation takes its name from a
correspondence game between Paris and
Pest, Hungary, played from 1842 to 1845, but was first analyzed by
Cozio in the 18th century.
[Harding & Botterill (1977), p. 130.]
Main line: 4.d4
White's best response is 4.d4 (4.d3 Nf6
transposes to the
Two Knights Defense
The Two Knights Defense is a chess opening that begins with the moves:
:1. e4 e5
:2. Nf3 Nc6
:3. Bc4 Nf6
First recorded by Giulio Cesare Polerio (c. 1550 – c. 1610) in the late 16th century, this line of the Italian Game was extensiv ...
), seeking advantage in the . Other moves pose fewer problems for Black: 4.c3 Nf6 (
Steinitz Steinitz may refer to:
* Steinitz, Germany, a town in the district of Altmarkkreis Salzwedel in Saxony-Anhalt in Germany
* Steinitz (surname)
{{Disambiguation ...
), or 4.0-0 Nf6 5.Nc3 d6 6.d4 Bg4.
After 4.d4, Black continues either 4...exd4 or 4...d6.
4...exd4
After 4...exd4, 5.Nxd4 would transpose into a variation of the
Scotch Game
The Scotch Game, or Scotch Opening, is a chess opening that begins with the moves:
:1. e4 e5
:2. Nf3 Nc6
:3. d4
Ercole del Rio, in his 1750 treatise ''Sopra il giuoco degli Scacchi, Osservazioni pratiche d’anonimo Autore Modenese'' ("On t ...
that gives White a spatial advantage. Weaker is 5.c3, hoping for 5...dxc3 6.Qd5, after which Black
resigned
Resignation is the formal act of leaving or quitting one's office or position. A resignation can occur when a person holding a position gained by election or appointment steps down, but leaving a position upon the expiration of a term, or choos ...
in the game Midjord–Scharf,
Nice
Nice ( , ; Niçard dialect, Niçard: , classical norm, or , nonstandard, ; it, Nizza ; lij, Nissa; grc, Νίκαια; la, Nicaea) is the prefecture of the Alpes-Maritimes departments of France, department in France. The Nice urban unit, agg ...
Olympiad 1974 (though Black could have tried 6...Nh6 7.Bxh6 0-0 when 8.Bc1 Nb4 9.Qd1 c2 wins back the piece, so White should play 8.Bxg7 Kxg7 9.Nxc3 with advantage
). Instead of 5...dxc3, however, Black can play 5...Na5 (recommended by
Chigorin), forcing White to give up the with 6.Qxd4 or
sacrifice a pawn. Also is 5...Nf6 6.e5 Ne4 (the
Tartakower Variation) 7.Bd5 Nc5 8.cxd4 Ne6 (
Evans
Evans may refer to:
People
*Evans (surname)
*List of people with surname Evans
Places United States
*Evans Island, an island of Alaska
*Evans, Colorado
*Evans, Georgia
*Evans County, Georgia
*Evans, New York
*Evans Mills, New York
*Evans City, ...
), but after 9.Bb3 White has the upper hand (
Unzicker).
[Matanović (1981), p. 243, n. 24.]
4...d6
Alternatively, Black generally tries to hold the center with 4...d6, when White has a choice of plans, each of which should be enough to secure a slight advantage. White can simplify to a slightly better queenless
middlegame with 5.dxe5 dxe5 (5...Nxe5? 6.Nxe5 dxe5 7.Qh5! and White's on e5 and f7 wins a pawn) 6.Qxd8+ (6.Bd5 is also possible) Bxd8 7.Nc3 Nf6, or 7...f6. Or White can close the center with 5.d5 Nb8, followed by Bd3 and expansion on the with c4, resulting in positions resembling those from the
Old Indian Defense
The Old Indian Defense is a chess opening defined by the moves:
:1. d4 Nf6
:2. c4 d6
This opening is distinguished from the King's Indian Defense in that Black develops their on e7 rather than by fianchetto on g7. Mikhail Chigorin pionee ...
. Finally, with 5.Nc3 White can retain in the center and obtain active piece play.
See also
*
List of chess openings
This is a list of chess openings, organized by the ''Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings'' () code. In 1966, Chess Informant categorized the chess openings into five broad areas ("A" through "E"), with each of those broken down into one hundred subcat ...
*
List of chess openings named after places
Below is a list of chess openings named after places. ''The Oxford Companion to Chess'' lists 1,327 named chess openings and variants. Many of them are named for geographic places.
A
*Aachen Gambit of the Nimzowitsch Defense 1.e4 Nc6 2.d4 d5 3 ...
References
Bibliography
*
*
*
*{{cite book
, editor-last=Matanović
, editor-first=Aleksandar
, editor-link=Aleksandar Matanović
, title=
Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings
The ''Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings'' () is a reference work describing the state of opening theory in chess, originally published in five volumes from 1974 to 1979 by the Serbian company Šahovski Informator (Chess Informant). It is current ...
, publisher=
Chess Informant
Chess Informant (Šahovski Informator) is a publishing company from Belgrade (Serbia, former Yugoslavia) that periodically (since 2012, four volumes per year) produces a book entitled ''Chess Informant'', as well as the ''Encyclopaedia of Chess Op ...
, location=Yugoslavia
, volume=C
, edition=2nd
, year=1981
, isbn=
Chess openings
1842 in chess