The Hunan–Jiangxi Soviet () was a constituent part of the

Chinese Soviet Republic The Chinese Soviet Republic (CSR) was an East Asian proto-state in China, proclaimed on 7 November 1931 by Chinese communist leaders Mao Zedong and Zhu De in the early stages of the Chinese Civil War. The discontiguous territories of the ...

, an unrecognised sovereign state that existed from November 1931 to 1935 (arguably continuing on from its new capital at

Yan'an Yan'an (; ), alternatively spelled as Yenan is a prefecture-level city in the Shaanbei region of Shaanxi province, China, bordering Shanxi to the east and Gansu to the west. It administers several counties, including Zhidan (formerly Bao'an) ...

). Before that declaration of overarching statehood, the area was known as the Hunan-Jiangxi Revolutionary Base ().

Government & Geography

The Revolutionary Base headquarters and later constituent Soviet administrative centre was at

Lianhua County Lianhua County () is a county in the west of Jiangxi province, China, bordering Hunan province to the west. It is the southernmost county-level division of the prefecture-level city of Pingxiang. Geography Lianhua lies in the Luoxiao Mountains, ...

in the present-day

Pingxiang Pingxiang () is a medium-sized prefecture-level city located in western Jiangxi province, People's Republic of China. Geography and climate Pingxiang is a city situated near the border of Jiangxi with Hunan province. Approximately 110 kilometer ...

municipal region. Lianhua lies in the

Luoxiao Mountains The Luoxiao Mountains () are a system of mountain ranges in the People's Republic of China that straddle Jiangxi, Hubei, and Hunan provinces. Subranges Among other smaller ranges, the Luoxiao Mountains include the following subranges: *Wugong Moun ...

, running roughly north-south between the two provinces. The range also nestled the famous Jinggangshan redoubt of the anti-Rightist troops of the abortive

Autumn Harvest Uprising The Autumn Harvest Uprising was an insurrection that took place in Hunan and Kiangsi (Jiangxi) provinces of China, on September 7, 1927, led by Mao Tse-tung, who established a short-lived Hunan Soviet. After initial success, the uprising was ...

of 1927.

Civil War Battles

The Hunan–Jiangxi Soviet's main armed force was known as the South-Eastern Hunan Red Army Independent Division. Until March 1931 it had been known as the Eastern Hunan Red Army Independent Division. The Soviet successfully defended itself against a series of Nationalist Government attacks from January 29 to March 24, 1931, known as the Encirclement Campaign against Hunan-Jiangxi Soviet. Moving out in August 1934, the Soviet's military (by now designated Sixth Army Group) crossed the

Xiang River The Xiang River is the chief river of the Dongting Lake, Lake Dongting Drainage basin, drainage system of the middle Yangtze, the largest river in Hunan, Hunan Province, China. It is the 2nd largest tributary (after Min River (Sichuan), Min River ...

and climbed into the Miao-nation ( Hmong-nation) mountain homeland, there to join in October the forces of the

Hunan-Hubei-Sichuan-Guizhou Soviet The Hunan–Hubei–Sichuan–Guizhou Soviet, also spelled as the Hunan–Hupeh–Szechuan-Kweichow Soviet (), was a revolutionary base area and constituent part of the Chinese Soviet Republic (1930–1935). It was established by the Chinese com ...

. The combined force under general

He Long He Long (; March 22, 1896 – June 9, 1969) was a Chinese Communist revolutionary and one of the ten marshals of the People's Liberation Army. He was from a poor rural family in Hunan, and his family was not able to provide him with any formal ...

was redesignated the Second Front Red Army.

References

External links

{{DEFAULTSORT:Hunan-Jiangxi Soviet Former socialist republics Chinese Soviet Republic States and territories established in 1931