Hugo Magnus (31 May 1842 in
Neumarkt in Schlesien Neumarkt (German for "new market") may refer to several places:
Austria
* Neumarkt am Wallersee, in Salzburg
* , in the Jennersdorf District, Burgenland
* Neumarkt an der Ybbs, in Lower Austria
* Neumarkt im Hausruckkreis, in the Hausruckvierte ...
– 15 April 1907 in
Breslau) was a German
ophthalmologist
Ophthalmology ( ) is a surgery, surgical subspecialty within medicine that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of eye disorders.
An ophthalmologist is a physician who undergoes subspecialty training in medical and surgical eye care. Followin ...
and
historian of medicine. He was of Jewish ancestry.
He studied medicine at the
University of Breslau
A university () is an institution of higher (or tertiary) education and research which awards academic degrees in several academic disciplines. Universities typically offer both undergraduate and postgraduate programs. In the United States, th ...
, where he was a pupil of
Albrecht Theodor Middeldorpf and
Hermann Lebert
Hermann Lebert (born ''Hermann Lewy'', 9 June 1813 – 1 August 1878) was a German physician and naturalist.
Lebert was born in Breslau. He studied medicine and the natural sciences first in Berlin and later in Zurich under Johann Lukas Schà ...
. In 1867 he received his medical doctorate, and in 1873 qualified as a lecturer in ophthalmology. In 1883 he became an associate professor at the University of Breslau.
He is remembered for his intensive studies of
color blindness and
color sense. He also conducted research of
eye diseases; in 1874 he made an early observation of what would be later known as
Von Hippel–Lindau syndrome
The term ''von'' () is used in German language surnames either as a nobiliary particle indicating a noble patrilineality, or as a simple preposition used by commoners that means ''of'' or ''from''.
Nobility directories like the ''Almanach de Go ...
, and in 1878 he provided an early clinical description of
proptosis
Exophthalmos (also called exophthalmus, exophthalmia, proptosis, or exorbitism) is a bulging of the eye anteriorly out of the orbit. Exophthalmos can be either bilateral (as is often seen in Graves' disease) or unilateral (as is often seen in ...
in infantile
scurvy
Scurvy is a disease resulting from a lack of vitamin C (ascorbic acid). Early symptoms of deficiency include weakness, feeling tired and sore arms and legs. Without treatment, decreased red blood cells, gum disease, changes to hair, and bleeding ...
. He was the author of numerous works with
history of medicine
The history of medicine is both a study of medicine throughout history as well as a multidisciplinary field of study that seeks to explore and understand medical practices, both past and present, throughout human societies.
More than just histo ...
themes (including ophthalmology).
Selected works
* ''Das Auge in seinen ästhetischen und cultur-geschichtlichen Beziehungen'', 1876 – The eye in its aesthetic and cultural-historical relationships.
* ''Die geschichtliche Entwickelung des Farbensinnes'', 1877 – The historical development of color perception.
* ''Die Anatomie des Auges bei den Griechen und R̦mern'', 1878 РThe anatomy of the eye in reference to the Greeks and Romans.
* ''Die Farbenblindheit; ihr Wesen und ihre Bedeutung, dargestellt für Behörden, praktische Aerzte, Bahnärzte, Lehrer'', 1878 – treatise on color blindness.
* ''Untersuchungen über den Farbensinn der Naturvölker'', 1880 – Studies involving the color sense of primitive peoples.
* ''Die Augenheilkunde der Alten'', 1901 – translated into English by Richey L. Waugh, Jr. in 1998 as "Ophthalmology of the ancients".
* ''Die methodische Erziehung des Farbensinnes'', 1902 – Methodical education involving color perception.
* ''Abhandlungen zur Geschichte der Medicin'' (with
Karl Sudhoff
Karl Sudhoff (26 November 1853, Frankfurt am Main – 8 October 1938, Salzwedel) was a German historian of medicine, helping establish that field as a legitimate discipline for research and teaching within faculties of medicine.
Sudhoff taught f ...
,
Max Neuburger
Max Neuburger (8 December 1868 in Vienna – 15 March 1955, Vienna) was an Austrian physician and history of medicine, historian of medicine.
Born in Vienna on 8 December 1868, he "descended from Jewish families which had long been resident in ...
), 1902 – Essays on the history of medicine.
* ''Medicin und religion in ihren gegenseitigen beziehungen; geschichtliche untersuchungen'', 1902 – Medicine and religion in their mutual relationships; historical analysis.
* "Visual economics, with rules for estimation of the earning ability after injuries to the eyes", 1902 (published in English, with Henry Würdemann).
* ''Kritik der medicinischen Erkenntnis; eine medicin-geschichtliche Untersuchung'', 1904 – Review of medical knowledge; a history of medicine investigation.
* ''Die volksmedizin, ihre geschichtliche entwickelung und ihre beziehungen zur kultur'', 1905 –
Folk medicine, its historical development and its relationship to culture.
* ''Der Aberglauben in der Medicin''; translated into English, edited by Julius L. Salinger as "Superstition in medicine", 1905.
HathiTrust Digital Library
published works
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:Magnus, Hugo
1842 births
1907 deaths
University of Breslau alumni
Academic staff of the University of Breslau
19th-century German Jews
German ophthalmologists
German medical historians
People from Åšroda ÅšlÄ…ska