The Hudson-Meng Bison Bonebed site, officially named the Hudson-Meng Education and Research Center, is a fossil site located in the

Oglala National Grassland The Oglala National Grassland is a United States National Grassland in the northwest corner of Nebraska. It is in northern Sioux and northwestern Dawes counties, on the borders with South Dakota and Wyoming. It is in size and is one of the sma ...

Sioux County, Nebraska Sioux County is a County (United States), county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2010 United States Census, the population was 1,311. Its county seat is Harrison, Nebraska, Harrison. Sioux County is included in the Scottsbluff, Nebrask ...

20 miles northwest of

Crawford Crawford may refer to: Places Canada * Crawford Bay Airport, British Columbia * Crawford Lake Conservation Area, Ontario United Kingdom * Crawford, Lancashire, a small village near Rainford, Merseyside, England * Crawford, South Lanarkshire, a ...

. It contains the 10,000-year-old remains of up to 600

bison Bison are large bovines in the genus ''Bison'' (Greek: "wild ox" (bison)) within the tribe Bovini. Two extant and numerous extinct species are recognised. Of the two surviving species, the American bison, ''B. bison'', found only in North Ame ...

."Hudson-Meng Bison Bonebed".Fossil Freeway.
Retrieved 2010-10-31. Open seasonally, the site features a visitor center with interpretive exhibits and views of the bones. Guided tours are available. The Bison Trail to

Toadstool Geologic Park Toadstool Geologic Park is located in the Oglala National Grassland in far northwestern Nebraska. It is operated by the United States Forest Service. It contains a badlands landscape and a reconstructed sod house. The park is named after its un ...

is a 3-mile hike. Hudson-Meng2

History

Bill Hudson and Albert Meng were local ranchers who are credited with discovering the bonebed in 1954 while digging for a pond. Originally excavated by Dr. Larry Agenbroad in the 1970s, the dig was over 400 square meters and was considered the largest Alberta Culture bison kill site ever discovered. The bison found are not the same species as the bison that currently live in the United States (''

Bison bison The American bison (''Bison bison'') is a species of bison native to North America. Sometimes colloquially referred to as American buffalo or simply buffalo (a different clade of bovine), it is one of two extant species of bison, alongside th ...

''), but are an animal transitional in evolution between the extinct ''

Bison antiquus ''Bison antiquus'', the antique bison or ancient bison, is an extinct species of bison that lived in Late Pleistocene North America until around 10,000 years ago. It was one of the most common large herbivores on the North American continent dur ...

'' and the modern species. In the 1990s, the site underwent another series of excavations by Drs. Larry Todd of

Colorado State University Colorado State University (Colorado State or CSU) is a public land-grant research university in Fort Collins, Colorado. It is the flagship university of the Colorado State University System. Colorado State University is classified among "R1: ...

and David Rapson of the

University of Wyoming The University of Wyoming (UW) is a public land-grant research university in Laramie, Wyoming. It was founded in March 1886, four years before the territory was admitted as the 44th state, and opened in September 1887. The University of Wyoming ...

, who determined that the bison died of unknown natural causes and that the site was not in fact a kill site. In 2005, PaleoCultural Research Group and the

University of Colorado The University of Colorado (CU) is a system of public universities in Colorado. It consists of four institutions: University of Colorado Boulder, University of Colorado Colorado Springs, University of Colorado Denver, and the University of Co ...

undertook excavations at the site. In 2006, the USFS made Dr. Mark Muñiz of St. Cloud State University the principal investigator for archeological research. The research since 2006 has uncovered an Eden component at the site in addition to the Alberta component. The site was managed for two years by

The Mammoth Site The Mammoth Site is a museum and paleontological site near Hot Springs, South Dakota, in the Black Hills. It is an active paleontological excavation site at which research and excavations are continuing. The facility encloses a prehistoric sink ...

Hot Springs, South Dakota Hot Springs (Lakota: ''mni kȟáta''; "hot water") is a city in and county seat of Fall River County, South Dakota, United States. As of the 2020 census, the city population was 3,395. In addition, neighboring Oglala Lakota County contracts the ...

under the supervision of the

United States Forest Service The United States Forest Service (USFS) is an agency of the U.S. Department of Agriculture that administers the nation's 154 national forests and 20 national grasslands. The Forest Service manages of land. Major divisions of the agency inc ...

. As of 2009, the site is managed by the US Forest Service out of Chadron, Nebraska.

References

External links

Hudson-Meng Education & Research Center
- US Forest Service

* ttps://archive.today/20121211160544/http://lamar.colostate.edu/~lctodd/hmsmry.htm Summary of Recent Fieldwork at the Hudson-Meng Site- by L. C. Todd and D. J. Rapson, 1991–1998 {{authority control Archaeological sites on the National Register of Historic Places in Nebraska Cenozoic paleontological sites of North America Federal lands in Nebraska Pre-statehood history of Nebraska Museums in Sioux County, Nebraska Natural history museums in Nebraska Buffalo jumps Paleontology in Nebraska United States Forest Service protected areas Protected areas of Sioux County, Nebraska National Register of Historic Places in Sioux County, Nebraska Fossil parks in the United States