, honorific-prefix = Sitke
, honorific-suffix = KSM
, image = File:Htaw Lay.jpg
, office = Magistrate of the Provincial Civil Service of Moulmein
, primeminister =
, term_start = 1838
, term_end = 1853
, predecessor = New office
, successor =
, office2 = Governor of Dala
, term_start2 = 1805
, term_end2 = 1827
, monarch2 =
Bodawpaya
Bodawpaya ( my, ဘိုးတော်ဘုရား, ; th, ปดุง; 11 March 1745 – 5 June 1819) was the sixth king of the Konbaung dynasty of Burma. Born Maung Shwe Waing and later Badon Min, he was the fourth son of Alaungpaya, fou ...
(1805–19)
Bagyidaw
Bagyidaw ( my, ဘကြီးတော်, ; also known as Sagaing Min, ; 23 July 1784 – 15 October 1846) was the seventh king of the Konbaung dynasty of Burma from 1819 until his abdication in 1837. Prince of Sagaing, as he was commonly known ...
(1819–27)
, predecessor2 =
, successor2 =
, office3 =
, term_start3 =
, term_end3 =
, predecessor3 =
, successor3 =
, birth_date = 1776
, birth_place =
Martaban
Mottama ( my, မုတ္တမမြို့, ; Muttama mnw, မုဟ်တၟံ, ; formerly Martaban) is a town in the Thaton District of Mon State, Myanmar. Located on the west bank of the Thanlwin river (Salween), on the opposite side o ...
,
Konbaung Burma
, death_date = 1869 or 1871 (aged 92 or 94)
, death_place =
Twante
Twante Township also Twantay Township ( my, တွံတေး မြို့နယ်, ) is a township in the Yangon Region of Burma (Myanmar). It is located west across the Hlaing River from the city of Yangon. The principal town and administra ...
,
British Burma
British may refer to:
Peoples, culture, and language
* British people, nationals or natives of the United Kingdom, British Overseas Territories, and Crown Dependencies.
** Britishness, the British identity and common culture
* British English, ...
, spouse = Min Ya
, children = 5, including:
[Oung 2007: 191] Daw
Daw or DAW may refer to:
People and language
* Daw (given name)
* Daw (surname)
* Daw, an honorific used in Burmese name#Honorifics, Burmese names
* Dâw people, an indigenous people of Brazil
* Dâw language, a language of Brazil
* Davaoeño lang ...
Htu
(2nd) Daw Hmya
(3rd) Daw Mya May
(5th)
, relations =
Mya Sein
Daw Mya Sein ( my, ဒေါ်မြစိန်; 13 October 1904 – 10 November 1988) was a Burmese writer, educator and historian. She led the Burma Women's Council, served as a representative of Asia for the League of Nations in 1931, and ...
May Oung
May Oung ( my, မေအောင်, also spelt May Aung; 6 January 1880 - 5 June 1926) was a Burmese legal scholar, judge and politician who served as Minister of Home Affairs during the colonial era. He was known for his expertise in Burmese B ...
Tun Hla Oung Myo Kyawt Myaing
, alma_mater =
, profession =
, allegiance =
, serviceyears = 1824–26
, rank = Commander
, branch =
Royal Burmese Army
The Royal Armed Forces ( my, တပ်မတော်,See (Maha Yazawin 2006: 26), (Yazawin Thit Vol. 1 2012: 236), (Hmannan Vol. 2 2012: 2) for example. ) were the armed forces of the Burmese monarchy from the 9th to 19th centuries. It refers ...
, commands =
, unit =
, battles =
First Anglo-Burmese War
The First Anglo-Burmese War ( my, ပထမ အင်္ဂလိပ်-မြန်မာ စစ်; ; 5 March 1824 – 24 February 1826), also known as the First Burma War, was the first of three wars fought between the British and Burmese ...
, mawards =
, laterwork =
Maung Htaw Lay ( my, မောင်ထော်လေး, ; also spelled Maung Taulay; 1776–1869 or 1871) was Magistrate of
Moulmein
Mawlamyine (also spelled Mawlamyaing; , ; th, เมาะลำเลิง ; mnw, မတ်မလီု, ), formerly Moulmein, is the fourth-largest city in Myanmar (Burma), ''World Gazetteer'' south east of Yangon and south of Thaton, at th ...
(Mawlamyine) from 1838 to 1853 during the early
British colonial period
The British Empire was composed of the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates, and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom and its predecessor states. It began with the overseas possessions and trading posts esta ...
of
Myanmar
Myanmar, ; UK pronunciations: US pronunciations incl. . Note: Wikipedia's IPA conventions require indicating /r/ even in British English although only some British English speakers pronounce r at the end of syllables. As John C. Wells, Joh ...
(Burma), and governor of
Dala
Dala may refer to:
Places
*Dala Airport, Dalarna province, Sweden
*Dala, Angola
* Dala, Bhutan
* Dala, Kano, Nigeria
**Dalla Hill, a hill in Kano, Nigeria
*Đala, Serbia
* Dalas, Khuzestan Province, Iran
*Dala Township, Yangon, Myanmar
People
* ...
from 1805 to 1827 during the
Konbaung period. Prior to his defection to the British in 1827, he had been a
Royal Burmese Army
The Royal Armed Forces ( my, တပ်မတော်,See (Maha Yazawin 2006: 26), (Yazawin Thit Vol. 1 2012: 236), (Hmannan Vol. 2 2012: 2) for example. ) were the armed forces of the Burmese monarchy from the 9th to 19th centuries. It refers ...
commander, and had fought in the
First Anglo-Burmese War
The First Anglo-Burmese War ( my, ပထမ အင်္ဂလိပ်-မြန်မာ စစ်; ; 5 March 1824 – 24 February 1826), also known as the First Burma War, was the first of three wars fought between the British and Burmese ...
(1824–26). At Moulmein, Htaw Lay became one of the most senior indigenous officials in the colonial government. He moved to
Yangon
Yangon ( my, ရန်ကုန်; ; ), formerly spelled as Rangoon, is the capital of the Yangon Region and the largest city of Myanmar (also known as Burma). Yangon served as the capital of Myanmar until 2006, when the military government ...
(Rangoon) in 1853 after the British
annexation of Lower Burma. He successfully used his influence with the colonial government to stop the occupation forces' pillaging of Buddhist shrines around Yangon, and with the help of his son-in-law
Maung Khaing, spent the rest of his life restoring the
Shwedagon Pagoda
The Shwedagon Pagoda (, ); mnw, ကျာ်ဒဂုၚ်; officially named ''Shwedagon Zedi Daw'' ( my, ရွှေတိဂုံစေတီတော်, , ) and also known as the Great Dagon Pagoda and the Golden Pagoda is a gilded stupa ...
.
The colonial government named two wide streets in downtown Yangon after him and Maung Khaing. The two street names survived the renaming of Yangon streets until 1989. Some of his descendants became some of the most prominent members of the colonial era, including
Mya Sein
Daw Mya Sein ( my, ဒေါ်မြစိန်; 13 October 1904 – 10 November 1988) was a Burmese writer, educator and historian. She led the Burma Women's Council, served as a representative of Asia for the League of Nations in 1931, and ...
,
May Oung
May Oung ( my, မေအောင်, also spelt May Aung; 6 January 1880 - 5 June 1926) was a Burmese legal scholar, judge and politician who served as Minister of Home Affairs during the colonial era. He was known for his expertise in Burmese B ...
, and
Tun Hla Oung. The singer
Myo Kyawt Myaing is his four times great grandnephew.
Early life and career
Born in
Martaban
Mottama ( my, မုတ္တမမြို့, ; Muttama mnw, မုဟ်တၟံ, ; formerly Martaban) is a town in the Thaton District of Mon State, Myanmar. Located on the west bank of the Thanlwin river (Salween), on the opposite side o ...
(Mottama) in 1776, Htaw Lay was the eldest child of a leading ethnic
Mon noble family in Lower Burma. He had three younger brothers and two younger sisters.
[Myaing 2005: 61] His father had been a senior official in the service of
Konbaung
The Konbaung dynasty ( my, ကုန်းဘောင်ခေတ်, ), also known as Third Burmese Empire (တတိယမြန်မာနိုင်ငံတော်) and formerly known as the Alompra dynasty (အလောင်းဘ ...
monarchs since King
Alaungpaya
Alaungpaya ( my, အလောင်းဘုရား, ; also spelled Alaunghpaya or Alaung-Phra; 11 May 1760) was the founder of the Konbaung Dynasty of Burma (Myanmar). By the time of his death from illness during his campaign in Siam, this f ...
.
[Oung 2007: 22] In 1805, Alaungpaya's fourth son King
Bodawpaya
Bodawpaya ( my, ဘိုးတော်ဘုရား, ; th, ปดุง; 11 March 1745 – 5 June 1819) was the sixth king of the Konbaung dynasty of Burma. Born Maung Shwe Waing and later Badon Min, he was the fourth son of Alaungpaya, fou ...
appointed Htaw Lay governor (''myoza'') of
Dala
Dala may refer to:
Places
*Dala Airport, Dalarna province, Sweden
*Dala, Angola
* Dala, Bhutan
* Dala, Kano, Nigeria
**Dalla Hill, a hill in Kano, Nigeria
*Đala, Serbia
* Dalas, Khuzestan Province, Iran
*Dala Township, Yangon, Myanmar
People
* ...
(modern Dala and
Twante
Twante Township also Twantay Township ( my, တွံတေး မြို့နယ်, ) is a township in the Yangon Region of Burma (Myanmar). It is located west across the Hlaing River from the city of Yangon. The principal town and administra ...
).
[(Oung 2007: 22) says that he was born in 1776, and became governor at age 30 (or 29 in Western reckoning). But the genealogical chart in the same book (Oung 2007: 191) shows that he was born in 1776 and became governor in 1804, meaning he was then no more than 28. If he was born in 1776 and became governor at 29, he most likely became governor in 1805.] His official style was Min Kyaw Thiha ( my-Mymr, မင်းကျော်သီဟ), and it was later upgraded to Kyawhtin Thihathu ( my-Mymr, ကျော်ထင် သီဟသူ).
[Myaing 2005: 60]
In the
First Anglo-Burmese War
The First Anglo-Burmese War ( my, ပထမ အင်္ဂလိပ်-မြန်မာ စစ်; ; 5 March 1824 – 24 February 1826), also known as the First Burma War, was the first of three wars fought between the British and Burmese ...
(1824–26), Htaw Lay was one of the commanding officers responsible for the defense of Yangon (across the river from Dala) against the British invaders. After an eight-month battle, the Burmese were ousted from Yangon in December 1824.
[Myint-U 2006: 118–122] He returned to a war ravaged Dala as governor after the war's end in 1826. His kingdom had been defeated and left crippled in debt. (The British had returned Lower Burma in exchange for an
agreement Agreement may refer to:
Agreements between people and organizations
* Gentlemen's agreement, not enforceable by law
* Trade agreement, between countries
* Consensus, a decision-making process
* Contract, enforceable in a court of law
** Meeting o ...
to pay an indemnity of one million pounds sterling as well as to cede
Arakan
Arakan ( or ) is a historic coastal region in Southeast Asia. Its borders faced the Bay of Bengal to its west, the Indian subcontinent to its north and Burma proper to its east. The Arakan Mountains isolated the region and made it accessi ...
,
Assam
Assam (; ) is a state in northeastern India, south of the eastern Himalayas along the Brahmaputra and Barak River valleys. Assam covers an area of . The state is bordered by Bhutan and Arunachal Pradesh to the north; Nagaland and Manipur ...
,
Manipur
Manipur () ( mni, Kangleipak) is a state in Northeast India, with the city of Imphal as its capital. It is bounded by the Indian states of Nagaland to the north, Mizoram to the south and Assam to the west. It also borders two regions of Myanm ...
and the
Tenasserim coast
Tanintharyi Region ( my, တနင်္သာရီတိုင်းဒေသကြီး, ; Mon: or ; ms, Tanah Sari; formerly Tenasserim Division and subsequently Tanintharyi Division, th, ตะนาวศรี, RTGS: ''Tanao Si'', ...
south of the Sawleen. The war reparations, which were to be made in four installments, were to impose a huge burden on the populace in the following years.
[Htin Aung 1967: 212–214])
Defection
Htaw Lay's days at Dala were numbered. A year after the war, the governor of the neighboring
Syriam (Thanlyin), Gov. Smim Bawor
[Singer 1995: 57] (also known as Thamein Baru ( my-Mymr, သမိန်ဘရူး)
[ and Maung Sat ( my-Mymr, မောင်စပ်)), a descendant of the Hanthawaddy royalty, revolted at the encouragement of the British.][(Singer 1995: 57): Smim Bawor and his men were misled by the British Commander ]Archibald Campbell Archibald Campbell may refer to:
Peerage
* Archibald Campbell of Lochawe (died before 1394), Scottish peer
* Archibald Campbell, 2nd Earl of Argyll (died 1513), Lord Chancellor of Scotland
* Archibald Campbell, 4th Earl of Argyll (c. 1507–1558) ...
, who had just led the British to victory in the first war, that British military aid would be forthcoming. Bawor was so confident that he declared himself king. The Ava court believed that Htaw Lay was also involved in the rebellion.[YCDC 1997: 169] But according to Htaw Lay family tradition, Htaw Lay was not involved in the rebellion; he and his family fled to British territory only because they feared the indiscriminate wrath of the king's forces.[ At any rate, Htaw Lay and his extended family, along with about 2,000 other refugees,][Htaw Lay family tradition (Oung 2007: 22) says 20,000 people fled. But (Singer 1995: 57) gives "nearly 2000".] fled Lower Burma and settled at Moulmein
Mawlamyine (also spelled Mawlamyaing; , ; th, เมาะลำเลิง ; mnw, မတ်မလီု, ), formerly Moulmein, is the fourth-largest city in Myanmar (Burma), ''World Gazetteer'' south east of Yangon and south of Thaton, at th ...
(Mawlamyaing) on the Tenasserim coast
Tanintharyi Region ( my, တနင်္သာရီတိုင်းဒေသကြီး, ; Mon: or ; ms, Tanah Sari; formerly Tenasserim Division and subsequently Tanintharyi Division, th, ตะนาวศรี, RTGS: ''Tanao Si'', ...
(modern Mon State
Mon State ( my, မွန်ပြည်နယ်, ; mnw, တွဵုရးဍုင်မန်, italics=no) is an administrative division of Myanmar. It lies between Kayin State to the east, the Andaman Sea to the west, Bago Region to the ...
, south of the Salween and Taninthayi Region
Tanintharyi Region ( my, တနင်္သာရီတိုင်းဒေသကြီး, ; Mon: or ; ms, Tanah Sari; formerly Tenasserim Division and subsequently Tanintharyi Division, th, ตะนาวศรี, RTGS: ''Tanao Si'', ...
) that Ava had just ceded a year earlier.[
]
Magistrate of Moulmein
Moulmein then was still a small town across the Salween
, ''Mae Nam Salawin'' (
, name_etymology =
, image = Sweet_View_of_Salween_River_in_Tang_Yan_Township,_Shan_State,_Myanmar.jpg
, image_size =
, image_caption = Salween River in Shan State, Myanmar
, map ...
from Htaw Lay's home town Martaban, which had been the traditional capital of the Martaban province and remained Burmese. The British were to turn the small town into a major city. They made Moulmein, alongside Akyab
Sittwe (; ; formerly Akyab) is the capital of Rakhine State, Myanmar (Burma). Sittwe, pronounced ''sait-tway'' in the Rakhine language, is located on an estuarial island created at the confluence of the Kaladan, Mayu, and Lay Mro rivers emptyi ...
(Sittwe) in Arakan
Arakan ( or ) is a historic coastal region in Southeast Asia. Its borders faced the Bay of Bengal to its west, the Indian subcontinent to its north and Burma proper to its east. The Arakan Mountains isolated the region and made it accessi ...
(Rakhine), a co-capital of British Burma. Htaw Lay, already a leader of the refugees, inevitably became part of the burgeoning colonial administration. The British first appointed him to a minor military office in July 1833,[ and then in 1838 to the office of ''sitke'' (lit. "general" in Burmese but officially the "Magistrate of the Provincial Civil Service"), which had "police and judicial powers."][
At 62, Htaw Lay became one of the highest ranking indigenous officials in the early colonial administration. Another indigenous ''sitke'' was Myat Phyu, a brother-in-law of King ]Bodawpaya
Bodawpaya ( my, ဘိုးတော်ဘုရား, ; th, ปดุง; 11 March 1745 – 5 June 1819) was the sixth king of the Konbaung dynasty of Burma. Born Maung Shwe Waing and later Badon Min, he was the fourth son of Alaungpaya, fou ...
and ex-governor of Shwegyin,[Oung 2007: 23] who too had defected in 1832.[Oung 2007: 24] The British made Myat Phyu ''sitke'' of North Moulmein. The two former governors made an alliance by marrying Ma Htu, daughter of Htaw Lay and Maung Khaing, son of Myat Phyu.[
Htaw Lay remained in office for the next 15 years, working from his home office in the later years.][ According to Htaw Lay family tradition, he was conflicted about British rule. Though trade and commerce flourished under British rule, the devout Buddhist was alarmed that Moulmein's Buddhist identity was fading away. According to an 1871 stone inscription on the terrace of the ]Kyaikthanlan Pagoda
The Kyaikthanlan Pagoda ( my, ကျိုက်သလ္လံ စေတီ) is the tallest Burmese pagoda, Buddhist pagoda in Mawlamyine, Mon State, Myanmar, standing at a height of .
Built in 875 AD during the reign of Mon kingdoms, Mon Kin ...
, Htaw Lay used his powers to stem the tide as much as possible by restoring Buddhist monasteries and pagodas around the town.[ His main project was the pagoda itself, the principal Buddhist shrine of the town. He led a group of local leaders to restore the pagoda at a total cost of 10,000 rupees.][Coryton 1870: 22] He retired from office in 1853 right after the Second Anglo-Burmese War
The Second Anglo-Burmese War or the Second Burma War ( my, ဒုတိယ အင်္ဂလိပ် မြန်မာ စစ် ; 5 April 185220 January 1853) was the second of the Anglo-Burmese Wars, three wars fought between the Konbaung dy ...
in order to devote full-time to restore the shrines in Yangon, which the British had just seized. The area of Moulmein where he lived was named ''Sitkegon'' ("General's Hill") in his honor.[
]
Later life
The ex-''sitke'' was to spend the rest of his life based out of Yangon. His overriding zeal was to restore the Buddhist shrines pillaged during the war. He was joined by his son-in-law Khaing, whom the colonial government had just appointed governor of Dala (and shortly after as ''sitke'' of Yangon).[ The duo would lead the restoration and rebuilding Buddhist shrines and monasteries around Yangon.][Myaing 2005: 60–61]
At the top of their list was the Shwedagon Pagoda
The Shwedagon Pagoda (, ); mnw, ကျာ်ဒဂုၚ်; officially named ''Shwedagon Zedi Daw'' ( my, ရွှေတိဂုံစေတီတော်, , ) and also known as the Great Dagon Pagoda and the Golden Pagoda is a gilded stupa ...
, the most sacred shrine in Burmese Buddhism
Buddhism ( my, ဗုဒ္ဓဘာသာ), specifically Theravāda Buddhism ( my, ထေရဝါဒဗုဒ္ဓဘာသာ), is the State religion of Myanmar since 1961, and practiced by nearly 90% of the population. It is the most re ...
. The pagoda had been used as a fort by the British during the war, and had been severely damaged by the British troops and their Indian sepoy
''Sepoy'' () was the Persian-derived designation originally given to a professional Indian infantryman, traditionally armed with a musket, in the armies of the Mughal Empire.
In the 18th century, the French East India Company and its oth ...
s. The most egregious act of desecration, to the Burmese, was the British commanders' decision to have their sepoys make 1.8 m wide, 45 cm long and 60 m deep penetrations into the pagoda, ostensibly to assess its utility as an arsenal.[Moore 2013: 244] Htaw Lay had written to the British commander and to the India Office in London to stop the desecration but his pleas were ignored during the war.[Moore 2013: 242][Oung 2007: 23] But after the war he found a more receptive ear with the incoming colonial administration led by Commissioner Arthur Purves Phayre
Sir Arthur Purves Phayre (7 May 1812 – 14 December 1885) was a career British Indian Army officer who was the first Commissioner of British Burma, 1862–1867, Governor of Mauritius, 1874–1878, and author.
His brother, Sir Robert Phayre (18 ...
. He got the Phayre government to stop the looting of the treasure chambers of Buddhist shrines by the occupation troops, and to provide some compensation for the damages done to the Shwedagon.[ He and Khaing went on to lead the restoration and re-gilding of the Shwedagon with public support and donations.][(Moore 2013: 244): An 1875 inscription on four stones (95 x 75 cm) donated by Htaw Lay’s daughters and Khaing to Naungdawgyi Pagoda installed on the northeast corner of the Shwedagon platform commemorates their gift, including 25 '']viss
The traditional Burmese units of measurement were a system of measurement used in Myanmar (also known as Burma).
According to the 2010 CIA Factbook, Myanmar is one of three countries that have not adopted the International System of Units (SI) ...
'', 63 ticals, and 14 ''annas
Annas (also Ananus or Ananias;Goodman, Martin, "Rome & Jerusalem", Penguin Books, p.12 (2007) , ; grc-x-koine, Ἅννας, ; 23/22 BC – death date unknown, probably around AD 40) was appointed by the Roman legate Quirinius as the first High ...
'' of gold. In about two years, the duo was able to restore much of the great shrine. He became one of the founding trustees of the Shwedagon Pagoda Trust.[
The colonial government was pleased with Htaw Lay and Khaing.][ In particular, ]Governor-General of India
The Governor-General of India (1773–1950, from 1858 to 1947 the Viceroy and Governor-General of India, commonly shortened to Viceroy of India) was the representative of the monarch of the United Kingdom and after Indian independence in 1 ...
James Broun-Ramsay of Dalhousie on his last visit to Yangon in 1855 was impressed by the progress made at the Shwedagon, and with Htaw Lay and Khaing.[(Singer 1995: 81): Dalhousie also donated 300 rupees to the pagoda.] Dalhousie saw the value in loyal, "pious and capable" indigenous figures, and included Htaw Lay and Khaing in the list of figures after whom the new roads and streets of Yangon were to be named.[ Two wide streets in downtown Yangon came to be named "Sitke Maung Taulay Street" and "Sitke Maung Khaing Street".][ Both Htaw Lay and Khaing were also awarded the title of KSM (''Kyet-tha-yay-saung Shwe-salwe-ya Min''), the highest honor for public service bestowed by the colonial government.][
]
To be sure, there were limits to the duo's influence with the colonial government. They could not prevent smaller ancient shrines that lined from downtown Yangon to the Shwedagon from being razed (in order to make way for the new grid-lined Yangon the British were building).[Singer 1995: 73] Nor could they replace the damaged ''hti HTI may refer to:
* Hti, the finial ornament placed on pagodas and temples in Myanmar
* HTI+, a former technician certification from CompTIA
* Great Barrier Reef Airport, on Hamilton Island, Queensland, Australia
* Haiti, a country in the Caribbe ...
'' (crowning umbrella) of the Shwedagon for nearly two decades. (The ''hti'' affair came to represent the sovereignty dispute of Lower Burma. As the Burmese government had not recognized the British annexation of Lower Burma, the British sent back the new ''hti'' donated by King Min
Min or MIN may refer to:
Places
* Fujian, also called Mǐn, a province of China
** Min Kingdom (909–945), a state in Fujian
* Min County, a county of Dingxi, Gansu province, China
* Min River (Fujian)
* Min River (Sichuan)
* Mineola (Am ...
don in 1853. Only in 1871 after long negotiations did the British permit Mindon's new ''hti'' to be shipped to Yangon.[(Singer 1995: 91) and (Moore 2013: 244): The Mandalay-made ''hti'' was made of iron; its seven tiers were 9.5 m high with a 4.5 m long vane. It was transported on a royal barge that arrived in Yangon on 22 October 1871.])
It is not clear if Htaw Lay ever witnessed the raising of the new ''hti''. According to Kin Thida Oung, a direct descendant of Htaw Lay, he died in 1871[ but others such as Noel Singer and Wai Wai Myaing, a direct descendant of Htaw Lay's younger sister Auk, say he died in 1869.][
]
Legacy
Htaw Lay's descendants became one of the leading indigenous families of colonial Burma. May Oung
May Oung ( my, မေအောင်, also spelt May Aung; 6 January 1880 - 5 June 1926) was a Burmese legal scholar, judge and politician who served as Minister of Home Affairs during the colonial era. He was known for his expertise in Burmese B ...
, co-founder of the YMBA, was his great grandson.[Oung 2007: 43] His great granddaughter was the wife of Maung Kin, the first Burmese to be knighted and the first Burmese Chief Justice of the High Court.[Oung 2007: 27–28] Kin and Oung were the first two Burmese to become High Court justices.[Oung 2007: 50] Mya Sein
Daw Mya Sein ( my, ဒေါ်မြစိန်; 13 October 1904 – 10 November 1988) was a Burmese writer, educator and historian. She led the Burma Women's Council, served as a representative of Asia for the League of Nations in 1931, and ...
, the first Burmese woman to graduate from Oxford University
Oxford () is a city in England. It is the county town and only city of Oxfordshire. In 2020, its population was estimated at 151,584. It is north-west of London, south-east of Birmingham and north-east of Bristol. The city is home to the ...
, was born to Htaw Lay's great-granddaughter Thein Mya. Maj. Gen. Tun Hla Oung, the colonial era Police Commissioner, was Htaw Lay's two times great-grandson.[ Myo Kyawt Myaing, a popular singer-songwriter, is his four times great-grandnephew.][
The streets that bore his and Khaing's names survived until 1989.][(Myaing 2005: 61) incorrectly says that Maung Taulay and Maung Khaing Streets were renamed in the "Socialist era in the 1970s". But per (Aung Myoe 2006: 8), the renaming took place in 1989, a year after the Socialist era had ended.] The two streets escaped the initial round of renaming of Yangon's streets to Burmese names after independence.[ In 1989, the new military government renamed not only the country's English name from Burma to Myanmar but also the rest of the colonial era street names of Yangon and the name of Yangon itself (from Rangoon). The Maung Taulay Street became Bo Sun Pet Street.][Aung Myoe 2006: 8]
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* {{cite book , author=Yangon City Development Committee , title=Shwedagon, Symbol of Strength and Serenity , publisher=Yangon City Development Committee , year=1997 , location=Yangon , pages=317
1776 births
Konbaung dynasty
People of British Burma
People of the First Anglo-Burmese War
People from Mon State
Burmese people of Mon descent
Year of death missing