) , honorific-suffix = Đức ông , image = Đề Thám.jpg , caption = Portrait of Hoàng Hoa Thám. , birth_date = , birth_place = Tiên Lữ,

Hưng Yên Hưng Yên () is a city in the Red River Delta of the Northern Vietnam. It is the old capital of Hưng Yên Province and is a third-graded city according to Vietnam's urban classification table. History Hưng Yên city was originally the expansion ...

, Dai Nam , death_date = 10 February , death_place = Hố Lẩy, Yên Thế,

Bắc Giang Bắc Giang () is a city in Vietnam. It is the capital of Bắc Ninh Province. Its name, deriving from that of the Province Sino-Vietnamese, means "north of the river." The location is very convenient for transportation: it is 50 km north ...

Tonkin Tonkin, also spelled Tongkin, Tonquin or Tongking, is an exonym referring to the northern region of Vietnam. During the 17th and 18th centuries, this term referred to the domain '' Đàng Ngoài'' under Trịnh lords' control, including both the ...

, spouse = Nguyễn Thị Tảo
Nguyễn Thị Quyên
Đặng Thị Nho , children = Hoàng Đức Trọng (Cả Trọng)
Hoàng Văn Rinh (Cả Rinh)
Hoàng Văn Huỳnh (Cả Huỳnh)
Hoàng Thị Thế (Marie Beatrice Destham)
Hoàng Văn Vi (Hoàng Bùi Phồn) , occupation = , order = , office =

Feudal lord An overlord in the English feudal system was a lord of a manor who had subinfeudated a particular manor, estate or fee, to a tenant. The tenant thenceforth owed to the overlord one of a variety of services, usually military service or s ...

of Yên Thế , term_start = 1892 , term_end = 1913 , monarch = Thành Thái

Duy Tân Emperor Duy Tân (, vi-hantu, 維新, lit. "renovation"; 19 September 1900 – 26 December 1945), born Nguyễn Phúc Vĩnh San, was the 11th emperor of the Nguyễn dynasty in Vietnam, who reigned for nine years between 1907 and 1916. Early c ...

, lieutenant = , predecessor = Lương Văn Nắm , successor = ''End'' , relations = Đoàn Danh Lại (father)
Đoàn Văn Lễ (older brother) , allegiance = Quân thứ , branch = Court army
Yenthe Force , battles = Hố Chuối
Nhã Nam , awards = , signature = Sceau du Dê Thám.jpg Hoàng Hoa Thám (1858 – 1913) also known as Commander Thám (), was a Vietnamese

feudal lord An overlord in the English feudal system was a lord of a manor who had subinfeudated a particular manor, estate or fee, to a tenant. The tenant thenceforth owed to the overlord one of a variety of services, usually military service or s ...

of Yên Thế, the leader of the Yên Thế Insurrection that held out against French protectorate in

for 30 years.

Biography

Born Đoàn Văn Nghĩa (段文義）in Tiên Lữ,

, Hoàng Hoa Thám (黃花探) was the better known adopted name whilst his '' nom-de-guerre'' was Đề Thám ( 提探). "Đề" is the shortened form of "Đề đốc" (提督), denoting the rank of a commander, an appellation adopted by Hoàng Hoa Thám as he was never commissioned by the Nguyễn court. Hoàng Hoa Thám's parents had both died after joining a resistance group in the mountains rallying against the Court of Huế. Seeking anonymity, his paternal uncle fled to the Yên Thế area, changing the family name from Trương to Hoàng. As the Protectorate consolidated control in

, French troops under

Joseph Gallieni Joseph Simon Gallieni (24 April 1849 – 27 May 1916) was a French military officer, active for most of his career as a military commander and administrator in the French colonies where he wrote several books on colonial affairs. He was rec ...

swept thru Yên Thế in 1890-91, routing most of the resistance fighters. Gallieni's campaign however was halted when Đề Thám attacked the railway, seizing trains, supplies and even capturing a local official for ransom. Against Gallieni's wishes, the French authorities agreed to make peace, granting Đề Thám a regional fiefdom. This made him the rallying cry for other anti-French movements. Subsequent military campaigns chipped away at the fiefdom but Đề Thám's exploits and fame proved to be a thorn in the flank of the Protectorate well into the early decades of the 20th century.

Death

Đề Thám's was assassinated in Thái Nguyên by one of his men, Lương Tam Kỳ, on 10 February (or March 18) 1913. Thám's killer was a former commander in the

Black Flag Army The Black Flag Army (; , chữ Nôm: ) was a splinter remnant of a bandit and mercenary group recruited largely from soldiers of ethnic Zhuang background and former Taiping soldiers who crossed the border in 1865 from Guangxi, China into north ...

who had become an agent for the colonial French in Tonkin.

Legacy

Hoàng Hoa Thám is respected as a national hero in Vietnam. Many buildings and streets are named after him, but also Operation Hoàng Hoa Thám during the Vietnam War.

Family

* 3

spouse A spouse is a significant other in a marriage. A female spouse is called a wife while a male spouse is called a husband. Married The legal status of a spouse, and the specific rights and obligations associated with that status, vary signific ...

s: **Nguyễn Thị Tảo (The First wife, mother of Cả Trọng) **Nguyễn Thị Quyên (The Second wife) **Đặng Thị Nho (Mrs Cẩn the Third, ''Vietnamese: bà Ba Cẩn'', mother of Hoàng Thị Thế and Hoàng Văn Vi) * 4 sons: **Hoàng Đức Trọng (Cả Trọng), **Hoàng Văn Rinh (Cả Rinh, adopted son) **Hoàng Văn Huỳnh (Cả Huỳnh, adopted son) **Hoàng Văn Vi (Hoàng Bùi Phồn) * 1 daughter: **Hoàng Thị Thế''Kỷ niệm thời thơ ấu'' (Childhood memories) by Hoàng Thị Thế, pub. in Hà Bắc 1975. (Marie Beatrice Destham)

References

External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Hoang, Hoa Tham 1858 births 1913 deaths Vietnamese revolutionaries Vietnamese nationalists People from Hưng Yên province