Horodenka ( uk, Городе́нка, pl, Horodenka, occasionally ''Horodence'', yi, האראדענקע ''Horodenke'') is a
city
A city is a human settlement of notable size.Goodall, B. (1987) ''The Penguin Dictionary of Human Geography''. London: Penguin.Kuper, A. and Kuper, J., eds (1996) ''The Social Science Encyclopedia''. 2nd edition. London: Routledge. It can be def ...
located in
Kolomyia Raion
Kolomyia Raion ( uk, Коломи́йський райо́н, translit=Kołomyjśkyj rajon) is a Raions of Ukraine, raion (district) of Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast (Oblast, region). The administrative center of the raion is the city of Kolomyia. Popula ...
,
Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast
Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast ( uk, Іва́но-Франкі́вська о́бласть, translit=Ivano-Frankivska oblast), also referred to as Ivano-Frankivshchyna ( uk, Іва́но-Франкі́вщина), is an administrative divisions of Ukrain ...
, in
Western Ukraine
Western Ukraine or West Ukraine ( uk, Західна Україна, Zakhidna Ukraina or , ) is the territory of Ukraine linked to the former Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia, which was part of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, the Austria ...
. It hosts the administration of
Horodenka urban hromada
Horodenka ( uk, Городе́нка, pl, Horodenka, occasionally ''Horodence'', yi, האראדענקע ''Horodenke'') is a city located in Kolomyia Raion, Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast, in Western Ukraine. It hosts the administration of Horodenka urba ...
, one of the
hromada
A hromada ( uk, територіальна громада, lit=territorial community, translit=terytorialna hromada) is a basic unit of administrative division in Ukraine, similar to a municipality. It was established by the Government of Ukra ...
s of Ukraine.
Population: . In 2001 the population was around 9,800.
History
The first mention of Horodenka was in 1195, when it was described as a village in the
Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia
, conventional_long_name = Principality of Galicia–VolhyniaKingdom of Galicia–Volhynia
, common_name = Galicia–Volhynia
, status = Vassal state of the Golden Horde (from 1246)
, era = Middle Ages
, year_start = 1199
, year_end = 1349
, ...
inhabited by farmers and craftsmen. It was later part of the
Polish
Polish may refer to:
* Anything from or related to Poland, a country in Europe
* Polish language
* Poles, people from Poland or of Polish descent
* Polish chicken
*Polish brothers (Mark Polish and Michael Polish, born 1970), American twin screenwr ...
–Lithuanian Commonwealth until 1772.
The 17th century saw a significant influx of Armenian immigrants to Horodenka. In 1706, a large
Armenian Catholic
Armenian may refer to:
* Something of, from, or related to Armenia, a country in the South Caucasus region of Eurasia
* Armenians, the national people of Armenia, or people of Armenian descent
** Armenian Diaspora, Armenian communities across the ...
church was erected in the town. In 1668 it became one of the Polish towns to be chartered under
Magdeburg rights
Magdeburg rights (german: Magdeburger Recht; also called Magdeburg Law) were a set of town privileges first developed by Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor (936–973) and based on the Flemish Law, which regulated the degree of internal autonomy within ...
, through the use of a privilege known as "settlement with German law”.
From the first
partition
Partition may refer to:
Computing Hardware
* Disk partitioning, the division of a hard disk drive
* Memory partition, a subdivision of a computer's memory, usually for use by a single job
Software
* Partition (database), the division of a ...
of Poland in 1772 until 1918, the town was part of the
Austrian monarchy
The Habsburg monarchy (german: Habsburgermonarchie, ), also known as the Danubian monarchy (german: Donaumonarchie, ), or Habsburg Empire (german: Habsburgerreich, ), was the collection of empires, kingdoms, duchies, counties and other polities ...
(Austria side after the
compromise of 1867
The Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867 (german: Ausgleich, hu, Kiegyezés) established the dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary. The Compromise only partially re-established the former pre-1848 sovereignty and status of the Kingdom of Hungary ...
), head of the district with the same name, one of the 78 ''Bezirkshauptmannschaften'' in
Austrian Galicia
The Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria,, ; pl, Królestwo Galicji i Lodomerii, ; uk, Королівство Галичини та Володимирії, Korolivstvo Halychyny ta Volodymyrii; la, Rēgnum Galiciae et Lodomeriae also known as ...
province (Crown land) in 1900. The fate of this province was then disputed between Poland and Ukraine, until the
Peace of Riga
The Peace of Riga, also known as the Treaty of Riga ( pl, Traktat Ryski), was signed in Riga on 18 March 1921, among Poland, Soviet Russia (acting also on behalf of Soviet Belarus) and Soviet Ukraine. The treaty ended the Polish–Soviet War.
...
in 1921.
In the period of the
Second Polish Republic
The Second Polish Republic, at the time officially known as the Republic of Poland, was a country in Central Europe, Central and Eastern Europe that existed between 1918 and 1939. The state was established on 6 November 1918, before the end of ...
, it was a district capital within the
Stanisławów Voivodeship
Stanisławów Voivodeship ( pl, Województwo stanisławowskie) was an administrative district of the interwar Poland (1920–1939). It was established in December 1920 with an administrative center in Stanisławów. The voivodeship had an area of ...
.
During World War II the Jewish population of Horodenka, comprising about half of the town's population, were shot and killed in a mass grave by the Nazis. About a dozen Jews survived and formed a partisan combat unit which fought against the Nazis and hid in the forests. There is a synagogue in Salford, England named in honour of this community.
Until 18 July 2020, Horodenka was the administrative center of
Horodenka Raion
Horodenka Raion ( uk, Городе́нківський райо́н, translit=Horodenkiwśkyj rajon) was a raion (district) of Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast (region) of Ukraine. The city of Horodenka was the administrative center of the raion. The raion ...
. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast to six. The area of Horodenka Raion was merged into Kolomyia Raion.
Famous people from Horodenka
*
Ben Bonus Ben Bonus ( yi, בען באָנוס, 1920–1984) was a prominent American Yiddish theatre and Broadway actor and Yiddish language singer of the twentieth century. He and his wife Mina Bern were credited with keeping Yiddish theatre alive in United ...
,
Yiddish theater
Yiddish theatre consists of plays written and performed primarily by Jews in Yiddish, the language of the Central European Ashkenazi Jewish community. The range of Yiddish theatre is broad: operetta, musical comedy, and satiric or nostalgic revu ...
actor and singer
*
Nicholas Charnetsky
Nicholas Charnetsky, Mykolai Charnetskyi or Mykolay Charnetsky ( uk, Миколай Чарнецький; December 14, 1884 – April 2, 1959) was a member of the Redemptorists (Congregation of the Holy Redeemer), a religious congregation in the B ...
(1884-1959),
Ukrainian Catholic bishop and
martyr
A martyr (, ''mártys'', "witness", or , ''marturia'', stem , ''martyr-'') is someone who suffers persecution and death for advocating, renouncing, or refusing to renounce or advocate, a religious belief or other cause as demanded by an externa ...
.
*
Kasper Cieglewicz Kasper may refer to:
* Kasper (surname), a list of people with the surname
* Kasper (given name), a list of people with the given name
* Käsper (surname), an Estonian surname
* Kasper (singer), Korean rapper
* Kasperle or Kasper, a traditional pu ...
, Polish poet and independence activist.
*
Yuliya Dumanska
Iulia Dumanska (born 15 August 1996) is a Romanian professional handballer who plays as a goalkeeper for CS Gloria 2018 Bistrița-Năsăud and the Romanian national team.
Early life
Born in a family of athletes, Dumanska started playing handbal ...
, handball goalkeeper who plays for the
Romanian national team since 2016.
*
Jakob Edelstein
Jakob Edelstein (AKA Yacov, Yaakov, Jakub Edelstein or Edlstein; 25 July 1903 – 20 June 1944) was a Czechoslovak Zionist, social democrat and the first Jewish Elder in the Theresienstadt ghetto. He was murdered in Auschwitz-Birkenau.
Life and ...
, Elder of the Jews in
Theresienstadt
Theresienstadt Ghetto was established by the Schutzstaffel, SS during World War II in the fortress town of Terezín, in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia (German occupation of Czechoslovakia, German-occupied Czechoslovakia). Theresienstad ...
.
*
Alfred Fiderkiewicz, political activist, mayor of
Krakow, deputy to the
Sejm
The Sejm (English: , Polish: ), officially known as the Sejm of the Republic of Poland (Polish: ''Sejm Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej''), is the lower house of the bicameral parliament of Poland.
The Sejm has been the highest governing body of t ...
in the interwar period.
*
Salo Flohr
Salomon Mikhailovich Flohr (November 21, 1908 – July 18, 1983) was a Czechoslovak and Soviet chess player and writer. He was among the first recipients of the title International Grandmaster from FIDE in 1950. Flohr dominated many tournam ...
, chess grandmaster.
*
Alexander Granach
Alexander Granach (April 18, 1890 – March 14, 1945) was a German-Austrian actor in the 1920s and 1930s who emigrated to the United States in 1938.
Life and career
Granach was born Schaje Granoch in Werbowitz (Wierzbowce/Werbiwci) (Austri ...
(Jessaja Szajko Gronish), leading stage and film actor in Weimar Germany, died at 52 while establishing himself in Hollywood and on Broadway. Author of autobiography, There Goes an Actor
ew edition: From the Shtetl to the Stage: the Odyssey of a Wandering Actor
*
Seweryn Hammer, Polish scholar, professor of several universities.
*
Elias Jubal (born as Benno Neumann 12.1.1901), theatre director and founder of the Kellertheater "Theater für 49" in Vienna.
*Dr.
Wladimir Sylvester Kindraczuk (1882-1969), discoverer of ''Bacillus carpathicus'' in huslanka.
*
Marie Ljalková, sniper in the Soviet army.
*
Rabbi
A rabbi () is a spiritual leader or religious teacher in Judaism. One becomes a rabbi by being ordained by another rabbi – known as ''semikha'' – following a course of study of Jewish history and texts such as the Talmud. The basic form of ...
Nachman of Horodenka, a disciple of the
Baal Shem Tov
Israel ben Eliezer (1698 – 22 May 1760), known as the Baal Shem Tov ( he, בעל שם טוב, ) or as the Besht, was a Jewish mystic and healer who is regarded as the founder of Hasidic Judaism. "Besht" is the acronym for Baal Shem Tov, which ...
.
*
Mieczyslaw Romanowski, Polish poet.
*
Jan Stebnowski, Polish painter and publicist.
*
Aleksander Topolski, soldier, architect, and writer, author of "Without Vodka".
*
Dmytro Zipchen, Canadian politician.
*
Ignaz Zloczower, Résistance Fighter 1876-1942
References
External links
Horodenkain th
Encyclopedia of UkraineHorodenkain th
JewishGen ShtetLinks projectPhotographs of Jewish sites in Horodenkain th
Jewish History in Galicia and BukovinaThe Jewish Community of Gorodenka The Museum of the Jewish People at Beit Hatfutsot
ANU - Museum of the Jewish People, formerly the Nahum Goldmann Museum of the Jewish Diaspora, is located in Tel Aviv, Israel, at the center of the Tel Aviv University campus in Ramat Aviv.
ANU - Museum of the Jewish People is an institution ...
Tour in Horodenka*
{{Authority control
Cities in Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast
Stanisławów Voivodeship
Shtetls
Cities of district significance in Ukraine
Holocaust locations in Ukraine