(
Polish
Polish may refer to:
* Anything from or related to Poland, a country in Europe
* Polish language
* Poles, people from Poland or of Polish descent
* Polish chicken
*Polish brothers (Mark Polish and Michael Polish, born 1970), American twin screenwr ...
: , german: Ober Zukau) is a village in
Karviná District
Karviná District ( cs, okres Karviná, pl, powiat Karwina) is a district ('' okres'') within the Moravian-Silesian Region of the Czech Republic. Its administrative center is the city of Karviná. It was created by 1960 reform of administrative di ...
,
Moravian-Silesian Region,
Czech Republic. It was a separate municipality but became administratively a part of
ÄŒeský TěšÃn in 1975. It has a population of 719 (2005).
The name of the village is possessive in origin derived from personal name ''Żuk'' (''
Żuk/Žuk'' means ''beetle'' in both Polish and Czech).
History
The village of Žukov was first mentioned in the document of
Pope Gregory IX issued for
Benedictine abbey in
Tyniec
Tyniec is a historic village in Poland on the Vistula river, since 1973 a part of the city of Kraków (currently in the district of Dębniki). Tyniec is notable for its Benedictine abbey founded by King Casimir the Restorer in 1044.
Etymology
...
in 1229 as ''Zukow''. Politically it belonged then to the
Duchy of Opole and Racibórz
The Duchy of Opole and Racibórz ( pl, Księstwo opolsko-raciborskie, german: Herzogtum Oppeln und Ratibor) was one of the numerous Duchies of Silesia ruled by the Silesian branch of the royal Polish Piast dynasty. It was formed in 1202 from the u ...
, and since 1290 to the
Duchy of Teschen
The Duchy of Teschen (german: Herzogtum Teschen), also Duchy of Cieszyn ( pl, KsiÄ™stwo CieszyÅ„skie) or Duchy of TěšÃn ( cs, TěšÃnské knÞectvÃ), was one of the Duchies of Silesia centered on Cieszyn () in Upper Silesia. It was split o ...
. It was also a property of
Benedictine monastery in Orlová founded around 1268. Probably because of financial problems the Benedictines sold part of the village, which later became known as ''Hornà Žukov''. In 1526 the Duchy of Teschen became a part of the
Habsburg monarchy
The Habsburg monarchy (german: Habsburgermonarchie, ), also known as the Danubian monarchy (german: Donaumonarchie, ), or Habsburg Empire (german: Habsburgerreich, ), was the collection of empires, kingdoms, duchies, counties and other polities ...
.
After
Revolutions of 1848 in the Austrian Empire
The Revolutions of 1848 in the Austrian Empire were a set of revolutions that took place in the Austrian Empire from March 1848 to November 1849. Much of the revolutionary activity had a nationalist character: the Empire, ruled from Vienna, incl ...
a modern
municipal division was introduced in the re-established
Austrian Silesia. The village as a municipality was subscribed to the
political and
legal district of
Cieszyn. According to the censuses conducted in 1880, 1890, 1900 and 1910 the population of the municipality dropped from 886 in 1880 to 859 in 1910 with the majority being native Polish-speakers (between 95.8% and 98.8%) accompanied by a small German-speaking minority (at most 26 or 3% in 1890) and Czech-speaking (at most 10 or 1.2% in 1890). In terms of religion in 1910 the majority were
Protestants
Protestantism is a branch of Christianity that follows the theological tenets of the Protestant Reformation, a movement that began seeking to reform the Catholic Church from within in the 16th century against what its followers perceived to b ...
(62%), followed by
Roman Catholics
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.3 billion baptized Catholics worldwide . It is among the world's oldest and largest international institutions, and has played a ...
(37.5%) and
Jews (3 people). The village was also traditionally inhabited by
Cieszyn Vlachs
The Cieszyn Vlachs ( pl, WaÅ‚asi cieszyÅ„scy, cs, TěšÃnÅ¡tà ValaÅ¡i) are a Polish ethnographic group (subgroup of Silesians) living around the towns of Cieszyn and Skoczów, one of the four major ethnographic groups in Cieszyn Silesia, the on ...
, speaking
Cieszyn Silesian dialect.
After
World War I, fall of
Austria-Hungary,
Polish–Czechoslovak War and the division of
Cieszyn Silesia in 1920, it became a part of
Czechoslovakia. Following the
Munich Agreement, in October 1938 together with the
Zaolzie region it was annexed by
Poland, administratively adjoined to
Cieszyn County
__NOTOC__
Cieszyn County ( pl, powiat cieszyński) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland, on the Czech and Slovak border. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result o ...
of
Silesian Voivodeship.
It was then annexed by
Nazi Germany at the beginning of
World War II. After the war it was restored to
Czechoslovakia.
See also
*
Polish minority in the Czech Republic
*
Zaolzie
Footnotes
References
*
{{DEFAULTSORT:Horni Zukov
Villages in Karviná District
Neighbourhoods in the Czech Republic
ÄŒeský TěšÃn