Horní Police (german: Oberpolitz) is a municipality and village in

Česká Lípa District Česká Lípa District ( cs, okres Česká Lípa) is a district ('' okres'') within the Liberec Region of the Czech Republic. Its district seat is Česká Lípa. List of municipalities Česká Lípa - Bezděz - Blatce - Blíževedly - Bo ...

in the

Liberec Region Liberec Region ( cs, Liberecký kraj, german: Reichenberger Region, pl, Kraj liberecki) is an administrative unit ( Czech: ''kraj'') of the Czech Republic, located in the northernmost part of its historical region of Bohemia. It is named after ...

of the

Czech Republic The Czech Republic, or simply Czechia, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Historically known as Bohemia, it is bordered by Austria to the south, Germany to the west, Poland to the northeast, and Slovakia to the southeast. The ...

. It has about 700 inhabitants.

Administrative parts

The villages and hamlets of Dvorsko, Na Výšině, Pod Školou, and Podlesí are administrative parts of Horní Police.

Geography

Horní Police is located about west of

Česká Lípa Česká Lípa (; german: Böhmisch Leipa) is a town in the Liberec Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 37,000 inhabitants and it is the most populated town of the Czech Republic without city status. The town centre is well preserved and is p ...

and east of

Ústí nad Labem Ústí nad Labem (, , ) is a city in the Czech Republic. It has about 92,000 inhabitants. It is the capital of its eponymous region and district. It is a major industrial centre and, besides being an active river port, is an important railway ju ...

. It lies in the Central Bohemian Uplands. The highest point is a slope below the top of the hill Dvorský kopec with an altitude of . The village is situated in a valley along the Ploučnice river.

History

The first written mention of Horní Police is in a document by

Pope Gregory X Pope Gregory X ( la, Gregorius X; – 10 January 1276), born Teobaldo Visconti, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 1 September 1271 to his death and was a member of the Secular Franciscan Order. He was ...

from 15 May 1273, confirming its ownership by the

Doksany Doksany (german: Doxan) is a municipality and village in Litoměřice District in the Ústí nad Labem Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 400 inhabitants. History The oldest settlement dates back between 4500 and 2500 BC. In 1993, arc ...

monastery. During the

Hussite Wars The Hussite Wars, also called the Bohemian Wars or the Hussite Revolution, were a series of civil wars fought between the Hussites and the combined Catholic forces of Holy Roman Emperor Sigismund, the Papacy, European monarchs loyal to the Cat ...

, Horní Police was acquired by the

Berka of Dubá Berka of Dubá ( cs, Berka z Dubé) was a cadet branch of a Bohemian noble family of Lords of Dubá established by Hynek Berka of Dubá (1249–1306). It held estates in what is today the Czech Republic and Saxony in Germany throughout the Middl ...

family. They owned the estate until 1612, when they had to sell it due to debts. It was bought by the Novohradský branch of the

Kolowrat family The House of Kolowrat is a Czech noble familyHouse of Kolowrat history
kolowrat.cz/en. Citation: " < ...

. After 1628, Horní Police was inherited by Anna Magdalena of

Lobkowicz The House of Lobkowicz (''Lobkovicové'' in modern Czech, sg. ''z Lobkovic''; ''Lobkowitz'' in German) is a Czech noble family that dates back to the 14th century and is one of the oldest Bohemian noble families. The family also belong to the G ...

and subsequently acquired by

Julius Henry of Saxe-Lauenburg Julius Henry (9 April 1586 – 20 November 1665) was duke of Saxe-Lauenburg between 1656 and 1665. Before ascending to the throne he served as Field Marshal in the imperial army. Life Before regency Born at Wolfenbüttel, he was a son of Duke ...

, who married her in 1632.

Demographics

Transport

Horní Police is located on a railway line leading from Liberec to Děčín.

Sights

The first written mention of a church in Horní Police is from 1291, but it was destroyed during the

. A new small church became a well-known pilgrimage destination and had to be expanded. The current baroque Church of the Visitation of the Virgin Mary was built by Giulio Broggio on the site of the older church in 1688–1701. Horní Police Castle was built after 1680 on the site of a former keep by its owner Julius Francis, Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg. The stone arch bridge which connects the church and the castle is one of the three most valuable buildings in Horní Police. It was built in 1840 and it is the third oldest bridge over the river Ploučnice, and the oldest original one.

Notable people

Julius Vincenz von Krombholz Julius Vincenz von Krombholz (19 December 1782 – 1 November 1843) was a physician and mycologist born in Oberpolitz (today Horní Police, Czech Republic), northern Bohemia. He studied medicine at the University of Prague, receiving his doctora ...

(1782–1843), physician, mycologist and rector of the University of Prague

References

External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Horni Police Villages in Česká Lípa District