Hornbæk () is a
seaside resort
A seaside resort is a resort town, town, village, or hotel that serves as a Resort, vacation resort and is located on a coast. Sometimes the concept includes an aspect of official accreditation based on the satisfaction of certain requirements, suc ...
town on the north coast of the
Danish
Danish may refer to:
* Something of, from, or related to the country of Denmark
People
* A national or citizen of Denmark, also called a "Dane," see Demographics of Denmark
* Culture of Denmark
* Danish people or Danes, people with a Danish ance ...
island of
Sjælland
Zealand ( da, Sjælland ) at 7,031 km2 is the largest and most populous island in Denmark proper (thus excluding Greenland and Disko Island, which are larger in size). Zealand had a population of 2,319,705 on 1 January 2020.
It is the 1 ...
, facing the
Øresund
Øresund or Öresund (, ; da, Øresund ; sv, Öresund ), commonly known in English as the Sound, is a strait which forms the Danish–Swedish border, separating Zealand (Denmark) from Scania (Sweden). The strait has a length of ; its width v ...
which separates Denmark from
Sweden
Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden,The United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names states that the country's formal name is the Kingdom of SwedenUNGEGN World Geographical Names, Sweden./ref> is a Nordic country located on ...
. It is part of
Helsingør Municipality
Helsingør Municipality (a variant English name: Elsinore Municipality; Danish: ''Helsingør Kommune''), is a municipality in the Capital Region on the northeast coast of the island of Zealand (''Sjælland'') in eastern Denmark. The municipality ...
and is located 12 km north-west of
Helsingør
Helsingør ( , ; sv, Helsingör), classically known in English as Elsinore ( ), is a city in eastern Denmark. Helsingør Municipality had a population of 62,686 on 1 January 2018. Helsingør and Helsingborg in Sweden together form the northern ...
, and is mainly known for its fashionable holiday homes and broad sandy beaches.
As of 2020, Hornbæk proper has a population of 3,641 but since 2010 it has grown together with neighbouring
Dronningmølle
Dronningmølle () is a seaside resort town in Esbønderup parish, Gribskov Municipality in the Capital Region of Denmark, of eastern Denmark. Dronningmølle is located four kilometers west of Hornbæk, six kilometers east of Gilleleje and 22 kil ...
in
Gribskov Municipality
Gribskov Kommune is a municipality (Danish, '' kommune'') in Region Hovedstaden ("Capital Region"). The municipality covers an area of 278 km², and has a total population of 40,850 (1 April 2014).
The municipality was created on 1 January 20 ...
, forming an urban area with a combined population of 5,334.
History
Hornbæk was originally a small fishing village around a natural harbour. In 1706, as the first of a number of Danish reforestation initiatives, the Hornbæk Plantage was planted east of the village to prevent
entrainment
Entrainment may refer to:
* Air entrainment, the intentional creation of tiny air bubbles in concrete
* Brainwave entrainment, the practice of entraining one's brainwaves to a desired frequency
* Entrainment (biomusicology), the synchronization o ...
of the sandy soils.
In the late 18th century, it was common practice for people from
Copenhagen
Copenhagen ( or .; da, København ) is the capital and most populous city of Denmark, with a proper population of around 815.000 in the last quarter of 2022; and some 1.370,000 in the urban area; and the wider Copenhagen metropolitan ar ...
to spend their summers in the countryside north of the city and a number of artists began lodging in Hornbæk, either in the local inns or privately. Among these were
Peder Severin Krøyer
Peder Severin Krøyer (; 23 July 1851 – 21 November 1909), also known as P. S. Krøyer, was a Danish painter.
Life
Growing up and early training
Krøyer was born in Stavanger, Norway, on 23 July 1851 to Ellen Cecilie Gjesdal. He was rai ...
,
Holger Drachmann
Holger Henrik Herholdt Drachmann (9 October 1846 – 14 January 1908) was a Danish poet, dramatist and painter. He was a member of the Skagen artistic colony and became a figure of the Scandinavian Modern Breakthrough Movement.
Early yea ...
and
Carl Locher
Carl Locher (21 November 1851 – 20 December 1915) was a Danish realist painter who from an early age became a member of the Skagen group of painters.
Biography
Carl Ludvig Thilson Locher was born in Flensburg in the Duchy of Schleswig w ...
before they moved on to
Skagen
Skagen () is Denmark's northernmost town, on the east coast of the Skagen Odde peninsula in the far north of Jutland, part of Frederikshavn Municipality in Nordjylland, north of Frederikshavn and northeast of Aalborg. The Port of Skagen is ...
and formed the
Skagen colony.
Kristian Zahrtmann
Peder Henrik Kristian Zahrtmann, known as Kristian Zahrtmann, (31 March 1843 – 22 June 1917) was a Denmark, Danish Painting, painter. He was a part of the Danish artistic generation in the late 19th century, along with Peder Severin Krøyer and ...
, another prominent Danish painter of the time, also spend time in Hornbæk.
Gradually an industry of boarding houses and seaside hotels emerged and many summer residents bought land and built houses.
August Strindberg
Johan August Strindberg (, ; 22 January 184914 May 1912) was a Swedish playwright, novelist, poet, essayist and painter.Lane (1998), 1040. A prolific writer who often drew directly on his personal experience, Strindberg wrote more than sixty p ...
and
Harriet Bosse
Harriet Sofie Bosse (19 February 1878 – 2 November 1961) was a Swedish–Norwegian actress. A celebrity in her day, Bosse is now most commonly remembered as the third wife of the playwright August Strindberg. Bosse began her career in a min ...
visited Hornbæk in 1901 on a dramatic trip, a substitute for their honeymoon which Strindberg called off at the last moment. She went to Hornbæk alone and he later followed but they left after he attacked a photographer who wanted to take a picture of Bosse in her bathing costume.
When the
Hornbæk Railway Line was inaugurated on 22 May 1906, the town was invaded by tourists. Bathing jetties and bathing huts were common along the coast.
Landmarks
Landmarks include Hornbæk Church,
Hotel Bretagne and Hotel Hornbækhus.
Transport
Hornbæk is connected to Helsingør and
Gilleleje
Gilleleje () is a fishing town and seaside resort on the north coast of the peninsula North Zealand, Denmark. The town is located at the northernmost point of the island of Zealand. It is one of the main towns of the Gribskov municipality in Regio ...
by
Hornbæk Railway.
Cultural references
Hornbæk station is used as a location at 1:01:32 in the first
Olsen Gang film.
![Caroline Hammer by L](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/50/Caroline_Hammer_by_L.P._Rasmussen.jpg)
Other notable people
*
Caroline Hammer
Caroline Hammer (1832–1915) was one of the earliest professional women photographers in Denmark. She established a business as a portrait photographer on the Frisian island of Föhr where she had her own studio. Hammer was the first woman to ...
(1832 in Hulerød near Hornbæk - 1915) one of the earliest professional women photographers in Denmark.
*
Erna Juel-Hansen (1845 – 1922 in Hornbæk) a novelist and early women's rights activist
*
Henrik B. Andersen (born 1958 in Hornbæk) a sculptor, professor at the
Vilnius Academy of Art
The Vilnius Academy of Arts ( lt, Vilniaus dailÄ—s akademija, previously ''State Art Institute of Lithuania'') in Vilnius, Lithuania, grants a variety of degrees in the arts.
History
The Academy traces its roots back to the creation of the Arc ...
in Lithuania since 2008
*
Maria Jespersen
Maria Jespersen (born 3 December 1991) is a Danish tennis player.
Jespersen has a career high WTA doubles ranking of 872, achieved on 16 April 2018. She has won two ITF doubles titles.
Jespersen has represented Denmark in Fed Cup
The Bi ...
(born 1991 in Hornbæk) a Danish tennis player.
*
Victor Nelsson (born 1998 in Hornbæk) a Danish footballer who plays as a centre back for
Galatasaray
Galatasaray Spor Kulübü (, ''Galatasaray Sports Club'') is a Turkish sports club based on the European side of the city of Istanbul in Turkey. Most notable for its association football department, the club also consists of various other de ...
.
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:Hornbaek
Cities and towns in the Capital Region of Denmark
Helsingør Municipality
Fishing communities in Denmark