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Hornby Castle is a grade I listed fortified manor house on the edge of Wensleydale between
Bedale Bedale ( ) is a market town and civil parish in the district of Hambleton, North Yorkshire, England. Historically part of the North Riding of Yorkshire, it is north of Leeds, south-west of Middlesbrough and south-west of the county town of ...
and
Leyburn Leyburn is a market town and civil parish in the district of Richmondshire, North Yorkshire, England, sitting above the northern bank of the River Ure in Wensleydale. Historically in the North Riding of Yorkshire, the name was derived from 'Ley ...
, in the county of
North Yorkshire North Yorkshire is the largest ceremonial counties of England, ceremonial county (lieutenancy area) in England, covering an area of . Around 40% of the county is covered by National parks of the United Kingdom, national parks, including most of ...
, England. Originally 14th century, it has been remodelled in the 15th, 18th and 20th centuries. It is constructed of coursed sandstone rubble with lead and stone slate roofs. The present building is the south range of a larger complex, the rest of which has been demolished.


History

At the end of the 14th century Hornby castle belonged to the St Quintin family, until heiress Margaret Quintin married John Conyers (died 1422). It was largely rebuilt in the fifteenth century by
William Conyers, 1st Baron Conyers William Conyers, 1st Baron Conyers (21 December 1468 – 14 April 1524), also known as William Conyers of Hornby, was an English baron and aristocrat. Personal life Conyers was the second, but only surviving son of Sir John Conyers, Jr. (d.146 ...
, but retained the fourteenth-century St. Quintins tower (demolished in 1927) named after the previous owners. On the death in 1557 of
John Conyers, 3rd Baron Conyers John Conyers, 3rd Baron Conyers (c. 1524 – 13 June 1557) was a British peer and military administrator. Biography Conyers was born the son of Christopher Conyers, 2nd Baron Conyers circa 1524. He was knighted in 1544. In 1551 he was made War ...
, the estate passed to his daughter Elizabeth, who was married to Thomas Darcy. It descended in the Darcy family (made the
Earls of Holderness The title Earl of Holderness also known as Holdernesse existed in the late 11th and early 12th centuries as a feudal lordship and was officially created three times in the Peerage of England namely in 1621, in 1644 as a subsidiary title to that of ...
in 1682) to
Robert Darcy, 4th Earl of Holderness Robert Darcy, 4th Earl of Holderness, (17 May 1718 – 16 May 1778), known before 1721 as Lord Darcy and Conyers, was a British diplomat and politician. Career In 1741 he collaborated with G.F. Handel in the production of Deidamia. From ...
, who died in 1778.
Conyers Darcy, 2nd Earl of Holderness Conyers Darcy, 2nd Earl of Holderness (1622 – 13 December 1692) was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1660 to 1679 and later became a peer. Life Darcy was the eldest son of Conyers Darcy, 8th Lord Darcy of Knayth and 5 ...
was elected MP for
Boroughbridge Boroughbridge () is a town and civil parish in the Harrogate district of North Yorkshire, England. Historically part of the West Riding of Yorkshire, it is north-west of the county town of York. Until a bypass was built the town lay on the mai ...
in 1660 and for
Yorkshire Yorkshire ( ; abbreviated Yorks), formally known as the County of York, is a Historic counties of England, historic county in northern England and by far the largest in the United Kingdom. Because of its large area in comparison with other Eng ...
in 1661. During the
English Civil War The English Civil War (1642–1651) was a series of civil wars and political machinations between Parliamentarians (" Roundheads") and Royalists led by Charles I ("Cavaliers"), mainly over the manner of England's governance and issues of re ...
the Hornby was taken by Colonel Ralph Assheton, commander-in-chief of the Parliamentary forces in North Lancashire but an order to slight the castle was not carried out. The house was largely rebuilt in the 1760s by
John Carr John Carr may refer to: Politicians *John Carr (Indiana politician) (1793–1845), American politician from Indiana *John Carr (Australian politician, born 1819) (1819–1913), member of the South Australian House of Assembly, 1865–1884 * John H ...
of York, who was responsible for the surviving south range and the east range (demolished in the 1930s) and outbuildings, for the 4th Earl of Holderness. The 4th Earl's daughter and heir Amelia, Baroness Darcy and Baroness Conyers, married Francis Osborne, Marquess of Carmarthen, who later became the 5th Duke of Leeds. He assembled at Hornby rich early eighteenth-century furniture from several houses, illustrated in the books of
Percy Macquoid Percy Thomas MacQuoid (January 1852 – 20 March 1925) was a British theatrical designer and a collector and connoisseur of English furniture, and the author of articles, largely for '' Country Life'', and of four books on the history of English ...
. On Amelia's death in 1784 the estate passed to her son
George Osborne, 6th Duke of Leeds George William Frederick Osborne, 6th Duke of Leeds, (21 July 1775 – 10 July 1838), styled Earl of Danby until 1789 and Marquess of Carmarthen from 1789 to 1799, was a British peer and politician. He served as Master of the Horse between ...
(1775–1838). After
Kiveton Hall Kiveton Hall is a Grade II listed house in Kiveton Park, Wales, near Rotherham, South Yorkshire, England. History The house was built on the side of a previous house, also named Kiveton Park, that was built between 1698 and 1704 for Thomas Osb ...
was demolished in 1811, Hornby became the main seat of the Dukes of Leeds, until
George Osborne, 9th Duke of Leeds George Godolphin Osborne, 9th Duke of Leeds (11 August 1828 – 23 December 1895) was a British peer. Life Born in Paris, France, he was the son of the 8th Duke of Leeds and Harriet Emma Arundel Stewart. In 1872, he succeeded to his father's tit ...
. In 1930 the estate was broken up and most of the house demolished. A 16th-century main doorway is preserved in the
Burrell Collection The Burrell Collection is a museum in Glasgow, Scotland, managed by Glasgow Museums. It houses the art collection of Sir William Burrell and Constance, Lady Burrell. The museum reopened on 29 March 2022 with free entry, having been closed for r ...
, Glasgow. The remaining property, originally the south range, was bought in 1936 by Major-General Walter E. Clutterbuck and passed down to Roger Clutterbuck and his wife Julia, who are restoring the parkland to grass and have introduced a small herd of bison. As a private residence the hall is not open to the public.


See also

*
Hornby Castle, Lancashire Hornby Castle is a country house, developed from a medieval castle, standing to the east of the village of Hornby in the Lune Valley, Lancashire, England. It occupies a position overlooking the village in a curve of the River Wenning. The house ...


References

* Colvin, Howard ''A Biographical Dictionary of British Architects 1600-1840'' 3rd ed. (Yale University Press) 1995: "John Carr" {{Castles in North Yorkshire Castles in North Yorkshire Grade I listed buildings in North Yorkshire Country houses in North Yorkshire Gardens by Capability Brown