Horkstow is a village and

civil parish In England, a civil parish is a type of administrative parish used for local government. It is a territorial designation which is the lowest tier of local government below districts and counties, or their combined form, the unitary authority ...

North Lincolnshire North Lincolnshire is a unitary authority area in Lincolnshire, England, with a population of 167,446 in the 2011 census. The borough includes the towns of Scunthorpe, Brigg, Haxey, Crowle, Epworth, Bottesford, Kirton in Lindsey and Barton ...

, England, south-west from

Barton-upon-Humber Barton-upon-Humber () or Barton is a town and civil parish in North Lincolnshire, England. The population at the 2011 census was 11,066. It is situated on the south bank of the Humber Estuary at the southern end of the Humber Bridge. It is s ...

, south from

South Ferriby South Ferriby is a village in North Lincolnshire, England. It is situated on the south bank of the Humber Estuary and west from the Humber Bridge. North Ferriby is directly opposite on the Estuary's north bank. Village population was 651 in ...

and north from

Brigg Brigg ( /'brɪg/) is a market town in North Lincolnshire, England, with a population of 5,076 in the 2001 UK census, the population increased to 5,626 at the 2011 census. The town lies at the junction of the River Ancholme and east–west tra ...

. It lies on the B1204, and east from the navigable

River Ancholme The River Ancholme is a river in Lincolnshire, England, and a tributary of the Humber. It rises at Ancholme Head, a spring just north of the village of Ingham and immediately west of the Roman Road, Ermine Street. It flows east and then north ...

.''Kelly's Trade Directory 1900''
northlincs.com; retrieved 20 June 2011 It is one of the five "Low Villages" –

Worlaby __NOTOC__ Worlaby is a village and civil parish in North Lincolnshire, England, south-west from Barton-Upon-Humber and north-east from Brigg. The population of the civil parish at the 2011 census was 547. It lies on the B1204, and to the e ...

, Bonby,

Saxby All Saints Saxby All Saints is a village and civil parish in North Lincolnshire, England. The population of the civil parish at the 2011 census was 385. It is north of Brigg and south-west of Barton upon Humber. Saxby All Saints is a conservation area ...

, Horkstow and South Ferriby – between Brigg and the

River Humber The Humber is a large tidal estuary on the east coast of Northern England. It is formed at Trent Falls, Faxfleet, by the confluence of the tidal rivers Ouse and Trent. From there to the North Sea, it forms part of the boundary between the ...

, so-called because of their position below the northern edge of the

Lincolnshire Wolds The Lincolnshire Wolds are a range of low hills in the county of Lincolnshire, England which run roughly parallel with the North Sea coast, from the Humber Estuary in the north-west to the edge of the Lincolnshire Fens in the south-east. They ar ...

. Horkstow was previously part of

Glanford Glanford was, from 1974 to 1996, a local government district with borough status in the non-metropolitan county of Humberside, England. Creation The district was created on 1 April 1974 as part of a general reform of local government in England ...

administrative district, and before that, the North Lindsey division of

Lindsey Lindsey may refer to : Places Canada * Lindsey Lake, Nova Scotia England * Parts of Lindsey, one of the historic Parts of Lincolnshire and an administrative county from 1889 to 1974 ** East Lindsey, an administrative district in Lincolnshire, ...

, Lincolnshire.

History

A 4th century Roman mosaic, part of the Horkstow Roman villa, was first discovered in 1797. In the ''

Domesday Domesday Book () – the Middle English spelling of "Doomsday Book" – is a manuscript record of the "Great Survey" of much of England and parts of Wales completed in 1086 by order of King William I, known as William the Conqueror. The manusc ...

'' account, the village is referred to as "Horchetou", although the name has gone through various changes since.Horkstow Local History Pack
, northlincs.gov.uk; retrieved 7 April 2013 According to ''A Dictionary of British Place Names'', Horkstow in the 12th century was known as 'Horkestowe', probably meaning "shelter for animals or people", from the

Old English Old English (, ), or Anglo-Saxon, is the earliest recorded form of the English language, spoken in England and southern and eastern Scotland in the early Middle Ages. It was brought to Great Britain by Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain, Anglo ...

horc + stōw. In 1872 '' White's Directory'' reported that Horkstow had a population of 250 within a parish of . The larger part of the parish and manorial lands was owned by

Charles Anderson-Pelham, 3rd Earl of Yarborough Charles Anderson-Pelham, 3rd Earl of Yarborough (14 January 1835 – 6 February 1875), known as Lord Worsley from 1846 to 1852, was a British peer. Yarborough was the son of Charles Anderson-Pelham, 2nd Earl of Yarborough, and his wife Maria ...

, who was

lord of the manor Lord of the Manor is a title that, in Anglo-Saxon England, referred to the landholder of a rural estate. The lord enjoyed manorial rights (the rights to establish and occupy a residence, known as the manor house and demesne) as well as seig ...

. A

suspension bridge A suspension bridge is a type of bridge in which the deck (bridge), deck is hung below suspension wire rope, cables on vertical suspenders. The first modern examples of this type of bridge were built in the early 1800s. Simple suspension bridg ...

had been erected over the River Ancholme in 1844. A mile north of the church is Horkstow Hall, the former home to Rear-Admiral (later vice-admiral) Thomas Shirley (1733–1814), and the possible site of the monastery of Diamond Dale Priory. A National School in the village was built in 1858 by

Charles Anderson-Pelham, 2nd Earl of Yarborough Charles Anderson Worsley Anderson-Pelham, 2nd Earl of Yarborough (12 April 1809 – 7 January 1862) was a British nobleman who succeeded to the Earldom of Yarborough in 1846. Before his accession, he was the Member of Parliament (MP) for New ...

. Parish professions and trades listed in 1872 included the parish vicar, the parish clerk who was also the sexton, a schoolmistress, a land & estate agent at Horkstow Hall who was also a farmer, a further six farmers, one of whom was also a butcher and another a coal merchant, a shoemaker, a blacksmith & wheelwright, two brick & tile makers, and a cattle dealer who was also a carrier—horse-drawn wagon operator carrying goods and sometimes people between places of trade—operating between the village and both

and

.White, William (1872), ''Whites Directory of Lincolnshire'', pp. 539, 540

Parish church

The parish church, built supposedly by The Knights Templar in the early 12th century, though in fact they had nothing to do with the church. It is dedicated to t Maurice and is

Grade I In the United Kingdom, a listed building or listed structure is one that has been placed on one of the four statutory lists maintained by Historic England in England, Historic Environment Scotland in Scotland, in Wales, and the Northern Irel ...

listed.Maurice’s Church
churchtrails.com; retrieved 20 June 2011 The vicar of the church was in fact presented by the Knights Hospitaller. The Templars never had any personnel in the parish and only owned 46 acres (26 of these meadow). It has been much rebuilt and

restored ''Restored'' is the fourth studio album by American contemporary Christian music musician Jeremy Camp. It was released on November 16, 2004 by BEC Recordings. Track listing Standard release Enhanced edition Deluxe gold edition Standard ...

since establishment; an internal restoration including reseating and costing £450 was carried out in 1868, and an external in 1895.Cox, J. Charles (1916) ''Lincolnshire'' p.170; Methuen & Co. Ltd In the 19th century the

patronage Patronage is the support, encouragement, privilege, or financial aid that an organization or individual bestows on another. In the history of art, arts patronage refers to the support that kings, popes, and the wealthy have provided to artists su ...

of the

vicarage A clergy house is the residence, or former residence, of one or more priests or ministers of religion. Residences of this type can have a variety of names, such as manse, parsonage, rectory or vicarage. Function A clergy house is typically ow ...

was held by the

Earls of Yarborough Earl of Yarborough is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created in 1837 for Charles Anderson-Pelham, 2nd Baron Yarborough. History The Anderson-Pelham family descends from Francis Anderson of Manby, Lincolnshire. He married ...

, the

tithes A tithe (; from Old English: ''teogoþa'' "tenth") is a one-tenth part of something, paid as a contribution to a religious organization or compulsory tax to government. Today, tithes are normally voluntary and paid in cash or cheques or more r ...

(tax income from parishioners derived from their profit on sales, or extraction of produce and animals, typically to the tenth part) commuted in 1841 Tithe_Commutation_Act.html" ;"title="Tithe Commutation Act 1836">Tithe Commutation Act">Tithe Commutation Act 1836">Tithe Commutation Act the commuted income split between the

rector Rector (Latin for the member of a vessel's crew who steers) may refer to: Style or title *Rector (ecclesiastical), a cleric who functions as an administrative leader in some Christian denominations *Rector (academia), a senior official in an edu ...

, and the Yarborough earls as impropriators. Other places of worship were the

Primitive Methodist The Primitive Methodist Church is a Methodist Christian denomination with the holiness movement. It began in England in the early 19th century, with the influence of American evangelist Lorenzo Dow (1777–1834). In the United States, the Primiti ...

and

Wesleyan Wesleyan theology, otherwise known as Wesleyan– Arminian theology, or Methodist theology, is a theological tradition in Protestant Christianity based upon the ministry of the 18th-century evangelical reformer brothers John Wesley and Charles W ...

chapels, now converted to other use. The Wesleyan chapel was built in 1838; and rebuilt in 1869 at a cost of £1,000; the Primitive Methodist chapel was built in 1855.

Listed buildings

Horkstow's

Grade II In the United Kingdom, a listed building or listed structure is one that has been placed on one of the four statutory lists maintained by Historic England in England, Historic Environment Scotland in Scotland, in Wales, and the Northern Irel ...

listed buildings include 17th- and 18th-century barns, and various houses and cottages. Three Horkstow listed buildings, Manor Farmhouse, Horkstow Hall, and Horkstow Grange, are of particular historic note.

Charles Gore Charles Gore (22 January 1853 – 17 January 1932) was a Church of England bishop, first of Worcester, then Birmingham, and finally of Oxford. He was one of the most influential Anglican theologians of the 19th century, helping reconcile the c ...

was born at Horkstow Hall in 1729, he married well and died at

Weimar Weimar is a city in the state of Thuringia, Germany. It is located in Central Germany between Erfurt in the west and Jena in the east, approximately southwest of Leipzig, north of Nuremberg and west of Dresden. Together with the neighbouri ...

in German high society. In 1756 artist

George Stubbs George Stubbs (25 August 1724 – 10 July 1806) was an English painter, best known for his paintings of horses. Self-trained, Stubbs learnt his skills independently from other great artists of the 18th century such as Reynolds or Gainsborough ...

stayed at Manor Farmhouse to pursue analytical examination and meticulous drawing of horse carcasses acquired from nearby tanneries. In 1937

Percy Grainger Percy Aldridge Grainger (born George Percy Grainger; 8 July 188220 February 1961) was an Australian-born composer, arranger and pianist who lived in the United States from 1914 and became an American citizen in 1918. In the course of a long an ...

used the traditional ''Horkstow Grange'' folk tune as part of his ''Lincolnshire Posy'' suite. Historic folk associations with the Grange inspired the

Steeleye Span Steeleye Span are a British folk rock band formed in 1969 in England by Fairport Convention bass player Ashley Hutchings and established London folk club duo Tim Hart and Maddy Prior. The band were part of the 1970s British folk revival, and we ...

band name, and their album ''

Horkstow Grange ''Horkstow Grange'' is an album by British folk rock band Steeleye Span. Released in 1998, it is the band's 15th album, and the first album the band recorded without founding member Maddy Prior. Gay Woods provides most of the lead vocals, al ...

''.

The Horkstow Roman Pavement

In 1796 three sections of a tessellated

Roman mosaic A Roman mosaic is a mosaic made during the Roman period, throughout the Roman Republic and later Empire. Mosaics were used in a variety of private and public buildings, on both floors and walls, though they competed with cheaper frescos for the ...

pavement depicting

Greek mythological A major branch of classical mythology, Greek mythology is the body of myths originally told by the ancient Greeks, and a genre of Ancient Greek folklore. These stories concern the origin and nature of the world, the lives and activities of d ...

figures were discovered by workmen in the grounds of Horkstow Hall. The pavement was taken to the

British Museum The British Museum is a public museum dedicated to human history, art and culture located in the Bloomsbury area of London. Its permanent collection of eight million works is among the largest and most comprehensive in existence. It docum ...

in 1927 on permanent loan, but was transferred to the

Hull and East Riding Museum The Hull and East Riding Museum is located in the Museums Quarter of the Old Town in Kingston upon Hull, England. It dates back to 1925 as the Museum of Commerce and Industry in a former Customs House but acquired its present name in 1989 with ...

in 1974.

''See also'' other Lincolnshire preceptories

* Aslackby Preceptory,

Kesteven The Parts of Kesteven ( or ) are a traditional division of Lincolnshire, England. This division had long had a separate county administration (quarter sessions), along with the two other Parts of Lincolnshire, Lindsey and Holland. Etymology Th ...

() * Bottesford,

() *

Eagle Eagle is the common name for many large birds of prey of the family Accipitridae. Eagles belong to several groups of genera, some of which are closely related. Most of the 68 species of eagle are from Eurasia and Africa. Outside this area, just ...

, Kesteven () *

Great Limber Great Limber is a village and civil parish in the West Lindsey district of Lincolnshire, England. The population of the civil parish at the 2011 census was 271. It is on the A18, west from Grimsby and 8 miles east from Brigg. In 1885 ''Kell ...

, Lindsey () *Horkstow, Lindsey () * Temple Bruer Preceptory *

Witham Preceptory Withham Preceptory, one of the smallest Knights Templar preceptories in England, was founded, before 1164, at Temple Hill, near South Witham, Lincolnshire, and was abandoned in the early 14th century. The site of the former preceptory at Temple ...

, Kesteven () *

Willoughton Preceptory Willoughton Preceptory was a holding of the Knights Templar in Lincolnshire, England. The preceptory stood at the farm still called Temple Garth. Willoughton, founded during the reign of Stephen, was the richest of the English houses of the Tem ...

, Lindsey ()

References

External links

*
Horkstow
on

Genuki GENUKI is a genealogy web portal, run as a charitable trust. It "provides a virtual reference library of genealogical information of particular relevance to the UK and Ireland". It gives access to a large collection of information, with the emphas ...

{{Authority control Villages in the Borough of North Lincolnshire Civil parishes in Lincolnshire