Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture (;
Hani: ;
Yi: ꉼꉸꉳꆃꁈꆃꁈꊨꏦꍓ) is an
autonomous prefecture
Autonomous prefectures () are one type of autonomous administrative divisions of China, existing at the prefectural level, with either ethnic minorities forming over 50% of the population or being the historic home of significant minorities. A ...
in Southeast-Central
Yunnan Province
Yunnan , () is a landlocked province in the southwest of the People's Republic of China. The province spans approximately and has a population of 48.3 million (as of 2018). The capital of the province is Kunming. The province borders the ...
, China,
bordering Vietnam's
Lào Cai
Lào Cai () is a city in the Northwest region of Vietnam. It is the capital of Lào Cai Province. The city borders Bảo Thắng District, Bát Xát District, Sa Pa and the city of Hekou Yao Autonomous County, in Yunnan province of southwes ...
and
Lai Châu provinces to the south. Its name is derived from the
Hong (Red) River and the two major ethnic minority groups who live there: the
Yi and the
Hani. Honghe has an area of and its seat is
Mengzi. The total population is 4.8 million, of which 61.3% belong to
ethnic minorities
The term 'minority group' has different usages depending on the context. According to its common usage, a minority group can simply be understood in terms of demographic sizes within a population: i.e. a group in society with the least number o ...
.
In 2008, the ''State Administration of Cultural Heritage'' of the People's Republic of China nominated the Honghe Hani Terraced Fields of
Yuanyang County for
World Heritage Site
A World Heritage Site is a landmark or area with legal protection by an international convention administered by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). World Heritage Sites are designated by UNESCO for h ...
status. It was added to the list on 22 June 2013, bringing the total number of World Heritage Sites in China to 45.
Subdivisions
The prefecture is subdivided into 13
county-level divisions: 4
county-level cities
A county-level municipality (), county-level city or county city, formerly known as prefecture-controlled city (1949–1970: ; 1970–1983: ), is a county-level administrative division of the People's Republic of China. County-level ...
, 6
counties
A county is a geographic region of a country used for administrative or other purposesChambers Dictionary, L. Brookes (ed.), 2005, Chambers Harrap Publishers Ltd, Edinburgh in certain modern nations. The term is derived from the Old French ...
, and 3
autonomous counties
Autonomous counties () and autonomous banners () are county-level autonomous administrative divisions of China. The two are essentially identical except in name.
There are 117 autonomous counties and three autonomous banners. The latter are fo ...
:
Demographics
At the end of 2019, Honghe Prefecture had 4.775 million residents, of which 61.3% belong to
ethnic minorities
The term 'minority group' has different usages depending on the context. According to its common usage, a minority group can simply be understood in terms of demographic sizes within a population: i.e. a group in society with the least number o ...
.
Ethnic groups in Honghe, 2000 census
Ethnic subgroups
Honghe Prefecture has the following ethnic Hani subgroups (''Honghe Ethnic Gazetteer'' 1989:32):
*
Hani
*
Nuobi
*
Nuomei
*
Ache
Ache or Aches may refer to:
Ethnography
* Aché, an indigenous people of eastern Paraguay
* Aché language, the language of the Aché people
* Ache language (China)
* Aṣẹ (Cuban spelling: ''aché''), a concept in Orisha belief
People
* Ach ...
*
Lami
*
Baihong
*
Asuo
*
Budu
*
Qide
*
Gehe
McKesson Europe AG (formerly Celesio AG, previously Gehe AG), with its headquarters in Stuttgart, Germany, is a leading international wholesale and retail company and provider of logistics and services in the pharmaceutical and healthcare sect ...
*
Biyue
*
Kaduo
*Ha'ou ()
*
Enu (Ximoluo)
Honghe Prefecture has the following 10 ethnic Yi subgroups (''Honghe Ethnic Gazetteer'' 1989:68):
*Nisubo (exonyms and other names: Luoluo , Sandaohong , Huayao , Muji )
*Nibo (exonyms and other names: Sani , Azhe )
*Gepo (exonyms and other names: White Yi )
*Siqi (exonyms and other names: Large Black Yi , Small Black Yi )
*Axibo (exonyms and other names: Axi )
*Puwabo , Pulebo (exonyms and other names: Pula )
*Alubo (exonyms and other names: Alu )
*Lesubo (exonyms and other names: Shansu )
*Luobo (exonyms and other names: Awu , Laowu )
*Xiangtang
Transportation
Roads
*
G80 Guangzhou–Kunming Expressway
The Guangzhou–Kunming Expressway (), designated as G80 and commonly referred to as the Guangkun Expressway () is an expressway in China that connects the cities of Guangzhou, Guangdong, and Kunming, Yunnan. When complete, it will be in length ...
*
G8011 Kaiyuan–Hekou Expressway
*
G5615 Tianbao–Houqiao Expressway
*
S45 Yuanjiang–Manhao Expressway
*
China National Highway 219
China National Highway 219 (G219; Chinese: '' Guódào219'') is a highway which runs along the entire western and southern border of the People's Republic of China, from Kom-Kanas Mongolian ethnic township in Xinjiang to Dongxing in Guangxi. ...
*
China National Highway 323
China National Highway 323 (G323) runs southwest from Ruijin, Jiangxi towards Guangdong Province, Guangxi Province, and ends in Lincang, Yunnan, which is on China-Myanmar border. It is 2,915 kilometres in length.
File:Kokudou 323(China).svg, ...
*
China National Highway 326
China National Highway 326 (G326) runs southwest from Xiushui, Chongqing towards Guizhou Province, and ends in Hekou, Yunnan Province, which borders the northern Vietnamese town of Lào Cai. It is 1,562 kilometres in length.
Route and distan ...
*
China National Highway 553
Railways
The prefecture is crossed by the early-20th century narrow-gauge
Kunming–Hai Phong Railway and
its branches. These railways have lost their most of their economic importance after the opening of the standard-gauge Kunming-Hekou railway (whose sections within the prefecture are the
Yuxi–Mengzi Railway and the
Mengzi–Hekou Railway).
The prefecture is also served by the
Nanning–Kunming high-speed railway
Nanning–Kunming high-speed railway (formerly known as the Yunnan–Guangxi high-speed railway) is a high-speed railway connecting Nanning and Kunming, respectively the capitals of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Yunnan Province. It ha ...
and
Mile–Mengzi Railway (under construction).
Airport
Honghe Mengzi Airport is being built in the prefectural capital
Mengzi.
References
External links
Honghe Prefecture official websiteHani fields
{{authority control
Hani autonomous counties
Yi autonomous prefectures