Hong Jin (27 August 1877 – 9 September 1946), also known as Hong Myeon-hui, was a leader of the

Korean independence movement The Korean independence movement was a military and diplomatic campaign to achieve the independence of Korea from Empire of Japan, Japan. After the Japanese Japan–Korea Treaty of 1910, annexation of Korea in 1910, Korea's domestic resistance pe ...

. He is also sometimes known by his pen name Mano (만오, 晩悟), and his Christian name, Andre. He was born under the

Joseon Dynasty Joseon (; ; Middle Korean: 됴ᇢ〯션〮 Dyǒw syéon or 됴ᇢ〯션〯 Dyǒw syěon), officially the Great Joseon (; ), was the last dynastic kingdom of Korea, lasting just over 500 years. It was founded by Yi Seong-gye in July 1392 and r ...

in Yeongdong,

Chungcheong Chungcheong (''Chungcheong-do''; ) was one of the eight provinces of Korea during the Joseon Dynasty. Chungcheong was located in the southwest of Korea. The provincial capital was located at Gongju, which had been the capital of the kingdom o ...

Province, to a

yangban The ''yangban'' () were part of the traditional ruling class or gentry of dynastic Korea during the Joseon Dynasty. The ''yangban'' were mainly composed of highly educated civil servants and military officers—landed or unlanded aristocrats ...

family of the Pungsan Hong lineage. He had practiced law in Korea in the private sector and in the government sector as a prosecutor and a judge before joining the independence movement. Hong held a number of chief positions under the

Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea The Korean Provisional Government (KPG), formally the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea, was a partially recognized Korean government-in-exile based in Shanghai, China, and later in Chongqing, during the period of Japanese co ...

during the Japanese Occupation. Under his administration as the fourth President, the provisional Korean government was recognized by the Republic of China,

France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. Its metropolitan area ...

and

Poland Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It is divided into 16 administrative provinces called voivodeships, covering an area of . Poland has a population of over 38 million and is the fifth-most populou ...

. His main theme was unity among factions of the

. In 1928, he established the "

Korean Independence Party The Korea Independence Party (; KIP) was a political party in South Korea. History The party was established in Shanghai by Kim Koo in 1928, uniting a faction of conservative members of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea ...

" (한국독립당, 韓國獨立黨) with

Kim Gu Kim Gu (, ; August 29, 1876 – June 26, 1949), also known by his pen name Baekbeom (백범; ), was a Korean statesman. He was the sixth, ninth, and president of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea; a leader of the Korean indepen ...

, Yi Dong-nyung, and he was elected to an executive position in the Korean Independence camp (한국광복진선, 韓國光復陣線) in 1938. After the independence of Korea was gained, he returned to South Korea having earned recognition as a Provisional Government leading figure who acted as Chairman of the Emergency National Council (비상국민회의, 非常國民會議). Hong was posthumously honored by the government of the

Republic of Korea South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea (ROK), is a country in East Asia, constituting the southern part of the Korean Peninsula and sharing a land border with North Korea. Its western border is formed by the Yellow Sea, while its ea ...

with the Order of Independence Merit for National Foundation in 1962. His biography by Professor Han, Si Joon contains a detailed family tree of Hong Jin tracing back to Goryeo dynasty's Hong Ji-gyeong, later known as a great master of Korean classical verse in the

. The current family jokbo contains surviving members of the family who are naturalized American citizens.

Note

*The spelling of his name in his correspondence with American dignitaries including a condolence letter regarding President Franklin D. Roosevelt's death was Hong Chin instead of Hong Jin.

External links

Empas entry
{{DEFAULTSORT:Hong, Jin Korean independence activists 1877 births 1946 deaths Recipients of the Order of Merit for National Foundation

Note

See also

External links