Isoorientin (or homoorientin) is a
flavone
Flavone is an organic compound with the formula . A white solid, flavone is a derivative of chromone with a phenyl (Ph) substituent adjacent to the ether group. The compound is of little direct practical importance, but susbstituted derivatives, t ...
, a chemical flavonoid-like compound. It is the luteolin-6-C-glucoside.
Bioassay-directed fractionation
Fractionation is a separation process in which a certain quantity of a mixture (of gases, solids, liquids, enzymes, or isotopes, or a suspension) is divided during a phase transition, into a number of smaller quantities (fractions) in which th ...
techniques led to isolation of isoorientin as the main
hypoglycaemic component in ''
Gentiana olivieri
''Gentiana olivieri'' (Chinese: xie wan que qin jiao) is a plant species in the genus ''Gentiana
''Gentiana'' is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the gentian family (Gentianaceae), the tribe Gentianeae, and the monophyletic subtr ...
''. Studies also showed that isoorientin is a potential
neuroprotective
Neuroprotection refers to the relative preservation of neuronal structure and/or function. In the case of an ongoing insult (a neurodegenerative insult) the relative preservation of neuronal integrity implies a reduction in the rate of neuronal los ...
compound against
Alzheimer's disease
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegeneration, neurodegenerative disease that usually starts slowly and progressively worsens. It is the cause of 60–70% of cases of dementia. The most common early symptom is difficulty in short-term me ...
.
Natural occurrences
Isoorientin can be isolated from the
passion flower
''Passiflora'', known also as the passion flowers or passion vines, is a genus of about 550 species of flowering plants, the type genus of the family Passifloraceae.
They are mostly tendril-bearing vines, with some being shrubs or trees. They ...
, ''
Vitex negundo
''Vitex negundo'', commonly known as the Chinese chaste tree, five-leaved chaste tree, or horseshoe vitex, or nisinda is a large aromatic shrub with quadrangular, densely whitish, tomentose branchlets. It is widely used in folk medicine, par ...
'', ''
Terminalia myriocarpa
''Terminalia myriocarpa'', the East Indian almond, is a tree species in the genus ''Terminalia'' found in Southeast Asia.
Ecology
The larvae of the moth '' Acrocercops terminaliae'' feed on ''T. myriocarpa''.
Chemistry
The phenolic compounds m ...
'', the
Açaí palm
The açaí palm (, , from Nheengatu ''asai''), ''Euterpe oleracea,'' is a species of palm tree (Arecaceae) cultivated for its fruit (açaí berries, or simply açaí), hearts of palm (a vegetable), leaves, and trunk wood. Global demand for the f ...
and ''
Swertia japonica''.
Metabolism
*
Isoorientin 3'-O-methyltransferase
In enzymology, an isoorientin 3'-O-methyltransferase () is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
:S-adenosyl-L-methionine + isoorientin \rightleftharpoons S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + isoscoparin
Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme ...
See also
*
Orientin
Orientin is a flavone, a chemical flavonoid-like compound. It is the 8-C glucoside of luteolin.
Natural occurrences
Orientin is found in ''Adonis vernalis'', in ''Anadenanthera colubrina'' and ''Anadenanthera peregrina'', and in the ''Phyllostac ...
, the 8-C
glucoside
A glucoside is a glycoside that is derived from glucose. Glucosides are common in plants, but rare in animals. Glucose is produced when a glucoside is hydrolysed by purely chemical means, or decomposed by fermentation or enzymes.
The name was o ...
of
luteolin
Luteolin is a flavone, a type of flavonoid, with a yellow crystalline appearance.
Luteolin is the principal yellow dye compound that is obtained from the plant ''Reseda luteola'', which has been used as a source of the dye since at least the fir ...
.
References
Flavone glucosides
C-glycoside natural phenols
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