Holy Spirit In Christian Art
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The
Holy Spirit In Judaism, the Holy Spirit is the divine force, quality, and influence of God over the Universe or over his creatures. In Nicene Christianity, the Holy Spirit or Holy Ghost is the third person of the Trinity. In Islam, the Holy Spirit acts as ...
has been represented in
Christian art Christian art is sacred art which uses subjects, themes, and imagery from Christianity. Most Christian groups use or have used art to some extent, including early Christian art and architecture and Christian media. Images of Jesus and narrative ...
both in the
Eastern Eastern may refer to: Transportation *China Eastern Airlines, a current Chinese airline based in Shanghai *Eastern Air, former name of Zambia Skyways *Eastern Air Lines, a defunct American airline that operated from 1926 to 1991 *Eastern Air Li ...
and
Western Church Western Christianity is one of two sub-divisions of Christianity (Eastern Christianity being the other). Western Christianity is composed of the Latin Church and Western Protestantism, together with their offshoots such as the Old Catholic C ...
es using a variety of depictions.''Renaissance art: a topical dictionary'' by Irene Earls 1987 page 70''Gardner's art through the ages: the western perspective'' by Fred S. Kleiner page 349Vladimir Lossky, 1999 ''The Meaning of Icons'' page 17 The depictions have ranged from nearly identical figures that represent the three persons of the
Holy Trinity The Christian doctrine of the Trinity (, from 'threefold') is the central dogma concerning the nature of God in most Christian churches, which defines one God existing in three coequal, coeternal, consubstantial divine persons: God the F ...
from a dove to a flame. The Holy Spirit is often depicted as a
dove Columbidae () is a bird family consisting of doves and pigeons. It is the only family in the order Columbiformes. These are stout-bodied birds with short necks and short slender bills that in some species feature fleshy ceres. They primarily ...
, based on the account of the Holy Spirit descending like a dove on Jesus at his baptism. In many paintings of the
Annunciation The Annunciation (from Latin '), also referred to as the Annunciation to the Blessed Virgin Mary, the Annunciation of Our Lady, or the Annunciation of the Lord, is the Christian celebration of the biblical tale of the announcement by the ange ...
, the Holy Spirit is shown in the form of a dove, coming down towards Mary on beams of light, as the
Archangel Gabriel In Abrahamic religions (Judaism, Christianity and Islam), Gabriel (); Greek: grc, Γαβριήλ, translit=Gabriḗl, label=none; Latin: ''Gabriel''; Coptic: cop, Ⲅⲁⲃⲣⲓⲏⲗ, translit=Gabriêl, label=none; Amharic: am, ገብር ...
announces
Christ Jesus, likely from he, יֵשׁוּעַ, translit=Yēšūaʿ, label=Hebrew/Aramaic ( AD 30 or 33), also referred to as Jesus Christ or Jesus of Nazareth (among other Names and titles of Jesus in the New Testament, names and titles), was ...
's coming to
Mary Mary may refer to: People * Mary (name), a feminine given name (includes a list of people with the name) Religious contexts * New Testament people named Mary, overview article linking to many of those below * Mary, mother of Jesus, also calle ...
. A dove may also be seen at the ear of
Saint Gregory the Great Pope Gregory I ( la, Gregorius I; – 12 March 604), commonly known as Saint Gregory the Great, was the bishop of Rome from 3 September 590 to his death. He is known for instigating the first recorded large-scale mission from Rome, the Gregoria ...
─as recorded by his secretary or other church father authors, dictating their works to them. The dove also parallels the one that brought the olive branch to
Noah Noah ''Nukh''; am, ኖህ, ''Noḥ''; ar, نُوح '; grc, Νῶε ''Nôe'' () is the tenth and last of the pre-Flood patriarchs in the traditions of Abrahamic religions. His story appears in the Hebrew Bible (Book of Genesis, chapters 5– ...
after the deluge, as a symbol of peace.''We Believe in the Holy Spirit'' (Ancient Christian Doctrine, No. 4) by Joel C. Elowsky (Jul 13, 2009) InterVarsity page 14 The book of Acts describes the Holy Spirit descending on the apostles at
Pentecost Pentecost (also called Whit Sunday, Whitsunday or Whitsun) is a Christianity, Christian holiday which takes place on the 50th day (the seventh Sunday) after Easter Sunday. It commemorates the descent of the Holy Spirit upon the Apostles in the Ne ...
in the form of a wind and tongues of fire resting over the apostles' heads. Based on the imagery in that account, the Holy Spirit is sometimes symbolized by a flame.''The Holy Spirit: Classic and Contemporary Readings'' by Eugene F. Rogers Jr. (May 19, 2009) Wiley pages 121-123 There are also depictions of the Holy Spirit in the
book of Genesis The Book of Genesis (from Greek ; Hebrew: בְּרֵאשִׁית ''Bəreʾšīt'', "In hebeginning") is the first book of the Hebrew Bible and the Christian Old Testament. Its Hebrew name is the same as its first word, ( "In the beginning") ...
. In The
Vatican Vatican may refer to: Vatican City, the city-state ruled by the pope in Rome, including St. Peter's Basilica, Sistine Chapel, Vatican Museum The Holy See * The Holy See, the governing body of the Catholic Church and sovereign entity recognized ...
Museum in Rome is a carved stone sarcophagus depicting the Holy Trinity as three bearded men during the creation of
Eve Eve (; ; ar, حَوَّاء, Ḥawwāʾ; el, Εὕα, Heúa; la, Eva, Heva; Syriac: romanized: ) is a figure in the Book of Genesis in the Hebrew Bible. According to the origin story, "Creation myths are symbolic stories describing how the ...
.''Early christian art and architecture'' by Milburn, R., & Milburn, R. L. P. (1988) Los Angeles: University of California Press. page 68 The majority of early Christian art depicts The Holy Spirit in an anthropomorphic form as a human with two other Identical human figures representing
God the Father God the Father is a title given to God in Christianity. In mainstream trinitarian Christianity, God the Father is regarded as the first person of the Trinity, followed by the second person, God the Son Jesus Christ, and the third person, God t ...
and
Jesus Christ Jesus, likely from he, יֵשׁוּעַ, translit=Yēšūaʿ, label=Hebrew/Aramaic ( AD 30 or 33), also referred to as Jesus Christ or Jesus of Nazareth (among other names and titles), was a first-century Jewish preacher and religious ...
. They either sit or they stand grouped closely together. This is used to portray the unity of The Godhead.''Three Drawing in an Anglo-Saxon Pontifical: Anthropomorphic Trinity of Threefold Christ?'' by Rosenthal, J. E. (1981) Art Bulletin, 63(4), page 546''The Trinity. Touchstone: A Journal Of Mere Christianity'' by Rublev, A. (2013) Academic Search Complete page 54-55 The Holy Spirit is represented in various artistic mediums such as stained glass windows and calligraphy.''Christian Century'' by Huey-Heck, L. (2012)Academic Search Complete page 47


Gallery

File:Pietro Perugino 077.jpg,
Baptism of Christ The baptism of Jesus by John the Baptist is a major event in the life of Jesus which is described in the three synoptic Gospels of the New Testament (Matthew, Mark and Luke). It is considered to have taken place at Al-Maghtas (also called Beth ...
by
Pietro Perugino Pietro Perugino (, ; – 1523), born Pietro Vannucci, was an Italian Renaissance Painting, painter of the Umbrian school, who developed some of the qualities that found classic expression in the High Renaissance. Raphael was his most famous pup ...
, circa 1498 File:Fra Filippo Lippi 002.jpg, Scene by
Filippo Lippi Filippo Lippi ( – 8 October 1469), also known as Lippo Lippi, was an Italian painter of the Quattrocento (15th century) and a Carmelite Priest. Biography Lippi was born in Florence in 1406 to Tommaso, a butcher, and his wife. He was orp ...
, 1459 File:The Baptism of Christ (Verrocchio & Leonardo).jpg, Both hands of God (relatively unusual) and the Holy Spirit as a dove in ''Baptism of Christ'', by Verrocchio, 1472. File:Zabrze St. Joseph's Church window.jpg, Stained glass window,
Zabrze Zabrze (; German: 1915–1945: ''Hindenburg O.S.'', full form: ''Hindenburg in Oberschlesien'', Silesian: ''Zŏbrze'', yi, זאַבזשע, Zabzhe) is an industrial city in Silesia in southern Poland, near Katowice. The west district of the Sil ...
, Poland


In the Trinity

File:Angelsatmamre-trinity-rublev-1410.jpg,
Andrei Rublev Andrei Rublev ( rus, Андре́й Рублёв, p=ɐnˈdrʲej rʊˈblʲɵf , also transliterated as ''Andrey Rublyov'') was a Muscovite icon painter born in the 1360s who died between 1427 and 1430 in Moscow. He is considered to be one of the ...
's Trinity, representing the Father, Son and Holy Spirit in a similar manner. File:La Trinité et tous les saints.jpg, Trinity and all the saints, Jean Fouquet, 15th century File:BLRoyal2BXVFol010vTrinity.jpg, Multiple head representation, 16th century File:Trinity tikhon filatiev.jpg, Russian icon of
Holy Trinity The Christian doctrine of the Trinity (, from 'threefold') is the central dogma concerning the nature of God in most Christian churches, which defines one God existing in three coequal, coeternal, consubstantial divine persons: God the F ...
File:Romanesque_tympanum_-_Abbaye_aux-dames_Sainte-Trinite_Caen.jpg, Abbaye aux-dames Sainte-Trinité Caen, 1862


Pentecost

File:RabulaGospelsFolio14vPentecost.jpg, Early depiction from the
Rabbula Gospels The Rabbula Gospels, or Rabula Gospels, (Florence, Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana, cod. Plut. I, 56) is a 6th-century illuminated Syriac Gospel Book. One of the finest Byzantine works produced in Asia, and one of the earliest Christian manuscript ...
, 6th century File:Pfingstwunder wolfegg.jpg, Wolfegg Castle, 15th century File:Pentecost (Kirillo-Belozersk).jpg, Russian icon, 15th century File:Merazhofen Pfarrkirche Josephsaltar Altarblatt Pfingstwunder.jpg, Ravensburg, Germany, 1867 File:St. Peter Preaching at Pentecost.jpg,
Benjamin West Benjamin West, (October 10, 1738 – March 11, 1820) was a British-American artist who painted famous historical scenes such as '' The Death of Nelson'', ''The Death of General Wolfe'', the '' Treaty of Paris'', and '' Benjamin Franklin Drawin ...
, 19th century


See also

*
God the Father in Western art For about a thousand years, in obedience to interpretations of specific Bible passages, pictorial depictions of God in Western Christianity had been avoided by Christian artists. At first only the Hand of God, often emerging from a cloud, was por ...
* Trinity in Christian art


Notes

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External links

*
Age of spirituality : late antique and early Christian art, third to seventh century
' from The Metropolitan Museum of Art Christian art Christian iconography Holy Spirit Biblical art