Holt is a medieval
market town
A market town is a Human settlement, settlement most common in Europe that obtained by custom or royal charter, in the Middle Ages, a market right, which allowed it to host a regular marketplace, market; this distinguished it from a village or ...
and
community
A community is a social unit (a group of living things) with commonality such as place, norms, religion, values, customs, or identity. Communities may share a sense of place situated in a given geographical area (e.g. a country, villag ...
in
Wrexham County Borough
Wrexham County Borough ( cy, Bwrdeistref Sirol Wrecsam) is a county borough, with city status, in the north-east of Wales. It borders England to the east and south-east, Powys to the south-west, Denbighshire to the west and Flintshire to the no ...
,
Wales
Wales ( cy, Cymru ) is a Countries of the United Kingdom, country that is part of the United Kingdom. It is bordered by England to the Wales–England border, east, the Irish Sea to the north and west, the Celtic Sea to the south west and the ...
. It is situated
on the border
''On the Border'' is the third studio album by American rock group the Eagles, released in 1974. Apart from two songs produced by Glyn Johns, it was produced by Bill Szymczyk because the group wanted a more rock‑oriented sound instead of th ...
with
England
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Wales to its west and Scotland to its north. The Irish Sea lies northwest and the Celtic Sea to the southwest. It is separated from continental Europe ...
and in the
historic county of
Denbighshire
Denbighshire ( ; cy, Sir Ddinbych; ) is a county in the north-east of Wales. Its borders differ from the historic county of the same name. This part of Wales contains the country's oldest known evidence of habitation – Pontnewydd (Bontnew ...
.
Holt Castle was begun by
Edward I shortly after the English
invasion of Wales in 1277.
Farndon lies just over the
River Dee.
Etymology
The Old English word ' meant a "wood" or "thicket" and is a common element in place names over the border in England.
Welsh
Welsh may refer to:
Related to Wales
* Welsh, referring or related to Wales
* Welsh language, a Brittonic Celtic language spoken in Wales
* Welsh people
People
* Welsh (surname)
* Sometimes used as a synonym for the ancient Britons (Celtic peopl ...
uses the same name for the town but in the past, it included the
definite article
An article is any member of a class of dedicated words that are used with noun phrases to mark the identifiability of the referents of the noun phrases. The category of articles constitutes a part of speech.
In English, both "the" and "a(n)" ...
, appearing as '.
Area
The district has been occupied since at least the
Roman period. A brickworks (possibly called Bovium) supplied clay tiles and pottery to the
Roman fort of
Deva Victrix
Deva Victrix, or simply Deva, was a legionary fortress and town in the Roman province of Britannia on the site of the modern city of Chester. The fortress was built by the Legio II ''Adiutrix'' in the 70s AD as the Roman army advanced north ag ...
, eight miles away (modern
Chester
Chester is a cathedral city and the county town of Cheshire, England. It is located on the River Dee, close to the English–Welsh border. With a population of 79,645 in 2011,"2011 Census results: People and Population Profile: Chester Loca ...
). The works was located just downstream from the modern town. In the early 20th century, six kilns, a
bath house, sheds and barracks were found there on the banks of the
River Dee.
Three
Bronze Age
The Bronze Age is a historic period, lasting approximately from 3300 BC to 1200 BC, characterized by the use of bronze, the presence of writing in some areas, and other early features of urban civilization. The Bronze Age is the second pri ...
burial urns have also been found in Holt.
Town
There is a
medieval
In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted approximately from the late 5th to the late 15th centuries, similar to the post-classical period of global history. It began with the fall of the Western Roman Empire a ...
market cross in the centre of Holt. The
church of St Chad has parts dating to the 15th century and 17th century.
Medieval bridge
A
Grade I listed
In the United Kingdom, a listed building or listed structure is one that has been placed on one of the four statutory lists maintained by Historic England in England, Historic Environment Scotland in Scotland, in Wales, and the Northern Ire ...
14th-century
sandstone bridge links Holt with the English village of
Farndon across the
River Dee. Records from the county court of Chester in 1368, state that:
"the jury presented that John, earl of Warenne, late Lord of Bromfield, had constructed a bridge across the River Dee (during 1338)... and upon that bridge is a fortified gateway. The jury then claimed that illegal toll was being extorted from workmen daily crossing the bridge, and that the town of Holt was giving shelter to felons who ambushed Cheshire folk."
A survey of 1627 described the bridge:
"contayninge 10 arches which River divideth Two Sheires, namely Cheshire and Denbye... Upon the fifth Arch from Holt standeth a Tower or Gatehouse of Fortification... he text then describes the Lady's Chapel in the tower.. Upon the other end of the fortificacion next unto the manor of Farndon next unto the Manor of Farndon is layd out in Masons Works a Lyon to the full passant. And like Lyon is upon the gates of Holt Castell. The county of Chester doth repair the bridge to the Lyon."
Sixteen years later,
William Brereton attacked the bridge for the
Parliamentarians:
"for which end they had also made a towre and drawbridge and strong gates upon the bridge soe as they and wee coceived it difficult if not altogether ympossible to make way for our passage."
Despite this he,
Thomas Myddelton and their forces took the bridge on 9 November 1643 when they cast 'some
grenados amongst the Welshmen'.
Thomas Pennant
Thomas Pennant (14 June OS 172616 December 1798) was a Welsh naturalist, traveller, writer and antiquarian. He was born and lived his whole life at his family estate, Downing Hall near Whitford, Flintshire, in Wales.
As a naturalist he had ...
recorded ten arches in 1754 (and had been told a datestone of 1354 was there until recently, which contradicts the more likely date of 1338) but Hubbard in ''Buildings of Wales'' only saw eight. The third arch, viewed from the Holt river bank, shows the strengthened arch where the drawbridge once stood.
Governance
An
electoral ward in the same name exists. This ward stretches west to
Abenbury
Abenbury is a community in Wrexham County Borough, Wales. It is situated south-east of Wrexham city and includes the village of Pentre Maelor and part of the Wrexham Industrial Estate.
The ancient parish of Wrexham included the townships of Abe ...
and has a total population taken at the 2011 Census of 3,587.
People from Holt
*
Leigh Richmond Roose, a
Welsh footballer
)
, Association = Football Association of Wales (FAW)
, Confederation = UEFA (Europe)
, Coach = Rob Page
, Captain = Gareth Bale
, Most caps = Gareth Bale (111)
, Top scorer = Gareth Ba ...
and
international goalkeeper
In many team sports which involve scoring goals, the goalkeeper (sometimes termed goaltender, netminder, GK, goalie or keeper) is a designated player charged with directly preventing the opposing team from scoring by blocking or intercepting ...
from Holt.
*
H.G. Wells, the writer, was briefly teacher in a local private school, Holt Academy, in youth.
References
Further reading
*Edward Hubbard, ''The Buildings of Wales: Clwyd'' (1986)
*Gordon Emery, ''Curious Clwyd 2'' (1996)
External links
Holt Bridgephotos of Holt and surrounding area on geograph*
{{authority control
Towns in Wrexham County Borough
Towns of the Welsh Marches