Hod HaSharon ( he, הוֹד הַשָּׁרוֹן, lit. "Splendor of the
Sharon plain
The Sharon plain ( ''HaSharon Arabic: سهل شارون Sahel Sharon'') is the central section of the Israeli coastal plain. The plain lies between the Mediterranean Sea to the west and the Samarian Hills, to the east. It stretches from Nahal ...
") is a city in the
Central District of
Israel
Israel (; he, יִשְׂרָאֵל, ; ar, إِسْرَائِيل, ), officially the State of Israel ( he, מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל, label=none, translit=Medīnat Yīsrāʾēl; ), is a country in Western Asia. It is situated ...
. The city is located approximately east of the
Mediterranean
The Mediterranean Sea is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean Basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by Western and Southern Europe and Anatolia, on the south by North Africa, and on the e ...
coastline, south of
Kfar Saba
Kfar Saba ( he, כְּפַר סָבָא), officially Kefar Sava, is a city in the Sharon region, of the Central District of Israel. In 2019 it had a population of 110,456, making it the 16th-largest city in Israel. The population of Kfar Saba i ...
, southeast of
Raanana
Ra'anana ( he, רַעֲנָנָּה, lit. "Fresh") is a city in the southern Sharon Plain of the Central District of Israel. It was founded in 1922 as an American-Jewish settlement, 1 km south of the village of Tabsur, where an important ...
, and northeast of
Ramat HaSharon
Ramat HaSharon ( he, רָמַת הַשָּׁרוֹן, ''lit.'' '' Sharon Heights'', ar, رمات هشارون) is a city located on Israel's central coastal strip in the south of the Sharon region, bordering Tel Aviv to the south, Hod HaSharon t ...
.
Hod HaSharon was officially formed and made a
local council in 1964 by the merging of four ''
moshavot'':
Magdiel
Magdiel ( he, מגדיאל) is one of the four original communities of Jewish agriculture, agriculturalists that combined in 1964 to form Hod Hasharon, Israel. It was founded in 1924 and according to a 1931 census of Palestine, census conducted in ...
,
Ramatayim
Hod HaSharon ( he, הוֹד הַשָּׁרוֹן, lit. "Splendor of the Sharon plain") is a city in the Central District of Israel. The city is located approximately east of the Mediterranean coastline, south of Kfar Saba, southeast of Raanana, ...
,
Hadar, and
Ramat Hadar
Hod HaSharon ( he, הוֹד הַשָּׁרוֹן, lit. "Splendor of the Sharon plain") is a city in the Central District of Israel. The city is located approximately east of the Mediterranean coastline, south of Kfar Saba, southeast of Raanana, ...
.
[''Encyclopedia Judaica'', Keter Publishing House, Jerusalem, 1972, Vol. 8, p. 802, "Hod Ha-Sharon"] The land area of Hod HaSharon is ,
and according to the
Israel Central Bureau of Statistics
The Israel Central Bureau of Statistics ( he, הלשכה המרכזית לסטטיסטיקה, ''HaLishka HaMerkazit LiStatistika''; ar, دائرة الإحصاء المركزية الإسرائيلية), abbreviated CBS, is an Israeli government ...
(CBS), in the city had a total population of .
History
![Hod Hasjaron-a011](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9c/Hod_Hasjaron-a011.jpg)
Before the
20th century, the area of Hod HaSharon formed part of the Forest of Sharon, a hallmark of the region’s historical landscape. It was an open
woodland
A woodland () is, in the broad sense, land covered with trees, or in a narrow sense, synonymous with wood (or in the U.S., the ''plurale tantum'' woods), a low-density forest forming open habitats with plenty of sunlight and limited shade (see ...
dominated by Mount Tabor Oak
(Quercus ithaburensis), which extended from
Kfar Yona
Kfar Yona ( he, כְּפַר יוֹנָה, lit=Yona's Village) is a city in the Sharon subdistrict in the Central District of Israel. It is about 7 km east of Netanya. With a jurisdiction of 11,017 dunams (~11 km²). in it had a popul ...
in the north to
Ra’ananna in the south. The local Arab inhabitants traditionally used the area for
pasture
Pasture (from the Latin ''pastus'', past participle of ''pascere'', "to feed") is land used for grazing. Pasture lands in the narrow sense are enclosed tracts of farmland, grazed by domesticated livestock, such as horses, cattle, sheep, or swine ...
,
firewood
Firewood is any wooden material that is gathered and used for fuel. Generally, firewood is not highly processed and is in some sort of recognizable log or branch form, compared to other forms of wood fuel like pellets or chips. Firewood can ...
and intermittent
cultivation. The intensification of settlement and agriculture in the
coastal plain
A coastal plain is flat, low-lying land adjacent to a sea coast. A fall line commonly marks the border between a coastal plain and a piedmont area. Some of the largest coastal plains are in Alaska and the southeastern United States. The Gulf Coa ...
during the
19th century led to
deforestation
Deforestation or forest clearance is the removal of a forest or stand of trees from land that is then converted to non-forest use. Deforestation can involve conversion of forest land to farms, ranches, or urban use. The most concentrated d ...
and subsequent
environmental degradation
Environmental degradation is the deterioration of the environment (biophysical), environment through depletion of resources such as quality of air, water and soil; the destruction of ecosystems; habitat destruction; the extinction of wildlife; an ...
known from
Hebrew sources.
Hod HaSharon was created in 1964 through a merger of
Magdiel
Magdiel ( he, מגדיאל) is one of the four original communities of Jewish agriculture, agriculturalists that combined in 1964 to form Hod Hasharon, Israel. It was founded in 1924 and according to a 1931 census of Palestine, census conducted in ...
with ''Hadar Ramatayim'', an administrative body which encompassed the former moshavot of Ramatayim, Hadar and Ramat Hadar.
Hod Hasharon was governed by a
local council until it was declared a city in April 1990.
A 1,300 year old olive oil factory of mason-worked blocks was unearthed in Hod Hasharon. The leader of the excavation team Durar Masarwa stated, "We discovered the surface on which olive oil was extracted as well as a network of pipes, canals and holes that drained the liquid oil."
Magdiel
Magdiel was founded on August 2, 1924 by a group of 12
Ashkenazi
Ashkenazi Jews ( ; he, יְהוּדֵי אַשְׁכְּנַז, translit=Yehudei Ashkenaz, ; yi, אַשכּנזישע ייִדן, Ashkenazishe Yidn), also known as Ashkenazic Jews or ''Ashkenazim'',, Ashkenazi Hebrew pronunciation: , singu ...
families. They received a plot of land from
Yehoshua Hankin
Yehoshua Hankin ( he, יהושע חנקין, 1864 – 11 November 1945) was a Zionist activist who was responsible for most of the major land purchases of the Zionist Organization in Ottoman Palestine and Mandatory Palestine – in particular f ...
which they cultivated and prepared for farming.
Magdiel was established as a ''
moshava
A moshava ( he, מושבה, plural: ''moshavot'' , lit. ''colony'') was a form of rural Jewish settlement in Ottoman Palestine, established by the members of the Old Yishuv since late 1870s and during the first two waves of Jewish Zionist immi ...
'', starting on 4,000
dunam
A dunam ( Ottoman Turkish, Arabic: ; tr, dönüm; he, דונם), also known as a donum or dunum and as the old, Turkish, or Ottoman stremma, was the Ottoman unit of area equivalent to the Greek stremma or English acre, representing the amount ...
s of land purchased near the Arab village of
Biyar 'Adas
Biyar 'Adas ( ar, بِيار عدس) was a Palestinian Arab village located 19 km northeast of the city of Tel Aviv. In 1945 the village had a population of 300 and a total land area of 5,492 dunums.
History Ottoman Empire
In 1856 the villa ...
. The initial population included Jewish immigrants from
Russia
Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a List of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia, Northern Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the ...
,
Poland
Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It is divided into 16 administrative provinces called voivodeships, covering an area of . Poland has a population of over 38 million and is the fifth-most populous ...
and
Lithuania
Lithuania (; lt, Lietuva ), officially the Republic of Lithuania ( lt, Lietuvos Respublika, links=no ), is a country in the Baltic region of Europe. It is one of three Baltic states and lies on the eastern shore of the Baltic Sea. Lithuania ...
, later joined by a group from the
Netherlands
)
, anthem = ( en, "William of Nassau")
, image_map =
, map_caption =
, subdivision_type = Sovereign state
, subdivision_name = Kingdom of the Netherlands
, established_title = Before independence
, established_date = Spanish Netherl ...
.
Ramatayim
![Hod Hasjaron-a045](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bb/Hod_Hasjaron-a045.jpg)
Ramatayim was founded in July 1925 by immigrants from Poland.
It was founded on the principle of private initiative. Ramatayim was built on two hills connected by a valley, hence the name Ramatayim, literally 'two hills'.
According to a
census
A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring, recording and calculating information about the members of a given population. This term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses; other common censuses incl ...
conducted in 1931 by the
British Mandate authorities, Ramatayim had a population of 180, in 31 houses.
[Mills, 1932, p]
15
/ref> In 1949, Ramatayim became the first local council to be established in Israel.
Hadar
Hadar was established in 1927 by Yael Leah Eichhorn, a middle-class immigrant from Eastern Europe, who was joined soon after by a group of Italian Jews. The land was purchased from the Abou Kishk Bedouin
The Bedouin, Beduin, or Bedu (; , singular ) are nomadic Arab tribes who have historically inhabited the desert regions in the Arabian Peninsula, North Africa, the Levant, and Mesopotamia. The Bedouin originated in the Syrian Desert and A ...
tribe. The pioneers decided to build a rural settlement based on citrus crops (hence the village's name, "Hadar" being Hebrew for "citrus"). In its early years, the farmers of Hadar also engaged in poultry farming. According to the 1931 census Hadar had 71 inhabitants, all Jews, in 23 houses. In the early 1940s, Yemenite immigrants moved to Hadar, establishing the ''Shikun Hateymanim'' quarter, today part of the Gannei Tzvi neighborhood. In 1951, Ramatayim and Hadar merged to form Hadar Ramatayim. In April 1956, the boundaries of Hadar Ramatayim were extended to include the ma'abara
Ma'abarot ( he, מַעְבָּרוֹת) were immigrant and refugee absorption camps established in Israel in the 1950s, constituting one of the largest public projects planned by the state to implement its sociospatial and housing policies.
...
of Ganei Tzvi, established in the end of 1948 Arab–Israeli War
The 1948 (or First) Arab–Israeli War was the second and final stage of the 1948 Palestine war. It formally began following the end of the British Mandate for Palestine at midnight on 14 May 1948; the Israeli Declaration of Independence had ...
as ''Kfar Nitzahon'', and renamed earlier in 1956 after Lord Harry (Tzvi) Morris of Kenwood, a major donor of the Jewish National Fund
Jewish National Fund ( he, קֶרֶן קַיֶּימֶת לְיִשְׂרָאֵל, ''Keren Kayemet LeYisrael'', previously , ''Ha Fund HaLeumi'') was founded in 1901 to buy and develop land in Ottoman Syria (later Mandatory Palestine, and subseq ...
.
Ramat Hadar
Ramat Hadar was established in December 1938 by middle-class immigrants from Nazi Germany, members of the Fifth Aliyah
The Fifth Aliyah ( he, העלייה החמישית, ''HaAliyah HaHamishit'') refers to the fifth wave of the Jewish immigration to Palestine from Europe and Asia between the years 1929 and 1939, with the arrival of 225,000 to 300,000 Jews. The F ...
. Ramat Hadar was built on a hill south of Hadar, near the main road from Petah Tikva
Petah Tikva ( he, פֶּתַח תִּקְוָה, , ), also known as ''Em HaMoshavot'' (), is a city in the Central District (Israel), Central District of Israel, east of Tel Aviv. It was founded in 1878, mainly by Haredi Judaism, Haredi Jews of ...
to Ramatayim (nowadays road 402). The economy of Ramat Hadar was based on small farms, mainly poultry farming, and citrus orchards. Ramat Hadar had its own post office between 1959 and 1989. In 1963, Ramat Hadar became part of Hadar Ramatayim.
File:Biyar 'Adas 1942.jpg, Ramatayim 1942 1:20,000
File:Hash Sharon 1942.jpg, Hadar 1942 1:20,000
File:רמתיים (הוד השרון) - מראה-JNF006952.jpeg, Ramatayim 1945
File:Herzliya 1945.jpg, Hadar 1945 1:250,000
Demographics
In 2006, the ethnic makeup of the city was 99.9% Jew
Jews ( he, יְהוּדִים, , ) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and nation originating from the Israelites Israelite origins and kingdom: "The first act in the long drama of Jewish history is the age of the Israelites""Th ...
ish, with no significant Arab
The Arabs (singular: Arab; singular ar, عَرَبِيٌّ, DIN 31635: , , plural ar, عَرَب, DIN 31635: , Arabic pronunciation: ), also known as the Arab people, are an ethnic group mainly inhabiting the Arab world in Western Asia, ...
population. The population density of Hod HaSharon is the lowest in the Sharon Plain. The population growth rate in 2006 was 3.3%. According to the CBS, , there were 18,612 salaried workers and 2,006 are self-employed in the city.
Schools and religious institutions
According to the CBS, there are 18 schools and 8,083 students in the city:
12 elementary schools: The Democratic School, HaMagen, Yigal Alon, Lapid, Shilo, Mamlachti Alef, Neve Ne'eman, Rabin, Re'ut, Tali, Ha'Yarok in the name of Ariel Sharon, and Begin (4,406 students).
4 middle schools: HaRishonim, HaShachar, Atidim and Tzurim (1,628 students). A fifth middle school, HaShkimim opened in 2018.
5 high schools: Hadarim, Alexander Muss High School in Israel, Ramon, Mosenson and Na'amat (2,049 students).
71.7% of the city's 12th graders were entitled to a matriculation certificate in 2001.
Mosenson Youth Village accepts both Israelis and overseas students. The Alexander Muss High School in Israel
Alexander Muss High School in Hod HaSharon, Israel is a pluralistic study-abroad program in Hod HaSharon, Israel, for high school students. Programs run throughout the year and range in length from 6 weeks to 18 weeks. The school is a fully accredi ...
offers a program for American high school students who spend two months to a year in Israel. Each year approximately half of the tenth grade class from the Milken Community High School
Milken Community School (originally Milken Community Schools, colloquially Milken) is a private Jewish high school and middle school. It is located on Mulholland Drive in the Bel Air area of Los Angeles, California. It is one of the largest ...
in Los Angeles
Los Angeles ( ; es, Los Ángeles, link=no , ), often referred to by its initials L.A., is the largest city in the state of California and the second most populous city in the United States after New York City, as well as one of the world' ...
, CA, come to Hod Hasharon to study for a semester along with this program.
Transport
Hod HaSharon is roughly bounded by Highway 531 in the north, Highway 40 in the east, Highway 5
Route 5, or Highway 5, may refer to routes in the following countries:
International
* Asian Highway 5
* European route E05
* European route E005
Argentina
* National Route 5
Australia New South Wales
* M5 Motorway (Sydney)
* The De ...
in the south and Highway 4 in the west. Road 402 runs through the city. The city is served by two railway stations, Hod HaSharon Sokolov and Kfar Sava Nordau.
Twin towns – sister cities
Hod HaSharon is twinned with:
* Dorsten
Dorsten (; Westphalian language, Westphalian: ''Dössen'') is a town in the district of Recklinghausen (district), Recklinghausen in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany and has a population of about 75,000.
Dorsten is situated on the western rim of ...
, Germany
Notable people
* Adi Altschuler (born 1986), educator and a social entrepreneur
* Ron Arad (born 1958), Israeli Air Force weapon systems officer; classified as missing in action since 1986
*Danny Ayalon
Daniel "Danny" Ayalon ( he, דניאל "דני" אילון; born ) is an Israeli diplomat, columnist and politician. He served as Deputy Foreign Minister and as a member of the Knesset. He was the Israeli Ambassador to the United States from 20 ...
(born 1955), politician and former Israeli ambassador to the United States
*Netta Barzilai
Netta Barzilai ( he, נטע ברזילי; born 22 January 1993), also known mononymously as Netta, is an Israeli singer. After winning Israel in the Eurovision Song Contest 2018#HaKokhav HaBa L'Eurovizion, the fifth season of ''HaKokhav HaBa'', ...
(born 1993), singer, winner of the Eurovision Song Contest
The Eurovision Song Contest (), sometimes abbreviated to ESC and often known simply as Eurovision, is an international songwriting competition organised annually by the European Broadcasting Union (EBU), featuring participants representing pr ...
in
* Shahar Biran (born 1998), tennis player
*Dor Daniel
Dor Daniel ( he, דור דניאל) born in Hod HaSharon, Israel on August 29, 1982 is an Israeli singer, songwriter and composer.
Career
Songwriting
In 2000, his debut song was "Im Haiti Eloim" (meaning If I Were God) () which found some airt ...
(born 1982), singer-songwriter
*Gedalia Gal
Gedalia Gal ( he, גדליה גל, born 14 February 1933) is an Israeli farmer and former politician who served as a member of the Knesset for the Alignment and Labor Party from 1988 until 1996.
Biography
Born in Magdiel during the Mandate era ...
(born 1933), farmer and former politician and member of the Israeli Knesset
* Eliran George (born 1992), footballer
*Shira Haas
Shira Haas ( he, שירה האס; born ) is an Israeli actress. She initially gained national prominence for her roles in local film and television, having won two Israeli Ophir Awards out of five nominations since 2014. In 2020, she gained int ...
(born 1995), actress
* Keren Hadar (born 1975), soprano singer
* Yifat Kariv (born 1973), member of the Israeli Knesset and social worker
*Keren Leibovitch
Keren Or Leibovitch ( he, קרן לייבוביץ) (also Keren Or Leybovitch; born July 25, 1973) is an Israeli Paralympic swimmer.
Leibovitch is a three-time world champion, a five-time European champion, a holder of three world records (for the ...
(born 1973), champion Paralympic swimmer
* Yaniv Luzon (born 1981), footballer
*Noam Mills
Noam Mills ( he, נעם מילס; born May 27, 1986) is an Israeli fencer, who competed in the individual women's épée event for Israel at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing. She is a three-time junior Israeli champion in épée, and a four-t ...
(born 1986), female Israeli Olympic fencer
*Bar Refaeli
Bar Refaeli ( he, בר רפאלי; born ) is an Israeli model, television host, businesswoman and actress. She is among the most internationally successful models to come from Israel, appearing on the cover of the 2009 ''Sports Illustrated'' Sw ...
(born 1985), model and actress
*Udi Spielman
Ehud (Udi) Spielman (Hebrew: אהוד (אודי) שפילמן) (born on December 4, 1951) is an Israeli singer and Hazzan. He came to Chazzanut (Cantorial music) after a long career as a singer and performer in Israel. He has published several C ...
(born 1951), singer and Chazzan
* Ehud "Udi" Tenenbaum (born 1979), software cracker
Software cracking (known as "breaking" mostly in the 1980s) is the modification of software to remove or disable features which are considered undesirable by the person cracking the software (software cracker), especially copy protection featur ...
, also known as The Analyzer
*Avihai Yadin
Avihai Yadin ( he, אביחי ידין; born 26 October 1986) is a former Israeli football defensive midfielder.
Career
He started to play football as a child when he was part of Hapoel Kfar Saba and became a member of the senior side when he wa ...
(born 1986), footballer
*Imri Ziv
Imri Ziv ( he, אימרי זיו; born 12 September 1991), also known as IMRI, is an Israeli singer and voice actor. After winning ''HaKokhav HaBa'', he represented Israel in the Eurovision Song Contest 2017 in Kyiv with the song "I Feel Alive" pl ...
(born 1991), singer
References
External links
Official municipal website
Official Youth Council website
{{DEFAULTSORT:Hod Hasharon
Cities in Central District (Israel)
Cities in Israel
Sharon plain