''Hirtodrosophila'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...

of fruit flies from the

family Family (from la, familia) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its ...

Drosophilidae The Drosophilidae are a diverse, cosmopolitan family of flies, which includes species called fruit flies, although they are more accurately referred to as vinegar or pomace flies. Another distantly related family of flies, Tephritidae, are true f ...

. Originally ''Hirtodrosophila'' was a subgenus of the genus ''

Drosophila ''Drosophila'' () is a genus of flies, belonging to the family Drosophilidae, whose members are often called "small fruit flies" or (less frequently) pomace flies, vinegar flies, or wine flies, a reference to the characteristic of many species ...

''. It was raised to the status of genus by Grimaldi in 1990.

Description

The third antennal segment is large, with unusually long

seta In biology, setae (singular seta ; from the Latin word for "bristle") are any of a number of different bristle- or hair-like structures on living organisms. Animal setae Protostomes Annelid setae are stiff bristles present on the body. Th ...

Arista Arista may refer to: Organizations *Arista Networks, a software defined networking company *Arista Records, an American record label, division of Sony Music **Arista Nashville, a record label specializing in country music *Arista (honor society) ...

with one ventral branch, and anterior reclinate orbital bristle fine. Ventral receptacle in the form of loops, folded flat against the ventral surface of the

vagina In mammals, the vagina is the elastic, muscular part of the female genital tract. In humans, it extends from the vestibule to the cervix. The outer vaginal opening is normally partly covered by a thin layer of mucosal tissue called the hymen ...

Distribution

Worldwide, though most species are

tropical The tropics are the regions of Earth surrounding the Equator. They are defined in latitude by the Tropic of Cancer in the Northern Hemisphere at N and the Tropic of Capricorn in the Southern Hemisphere at S. The tropics are also referred to ...

subtropical The subtropical zones or subtropics are geographical zone, geographical and Köppen climate classification, climate zones to the Northern Hemisphere, north and Southern Hemisphere, south of the tropics. Geographically part of the Geographical z ...

in distribution.

Biology

Where known, all species are associated with

fungi A fungus ( : fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as a kingdom, separately from ...

, which is the preferred larval food.

Species

There are approximately 150 described species divided into ten species groups. *'' H. actinia'' (Okada, 1991) *'' H. akabo'' (Burla, 1954) *'' H. alabamensis'' (Sturtevant, 1918) *'' H. albiventer'' (McEvey and Bock, 1982) *'' H. alboralis'' (Momma and Takada, 1954) *'' H. allynensis'' (Bock, 1976) *'' H. alpiniae'' (Okada and Carson, 1980) *'' H. apicohispida'' (Okada, 1973) *'' H. asozana'' (Okada, 1956) *'' H. astioidea''

Duda ) (Polish, Ukrainian Carpathians) *Diple (Dalmatian Coast) *Tulum (Turkish and Pontic) *Tsambouna (Dodecanese and Cyclades) *Askambandoura (Crete) *Gajdy (Polish/Czech/Slovak) *Gaita ( Galician) *Surle (Serbian/Croatian) *Mezoued/Zukra (Northern A ...

, 1923 *'' H. baechlii'' (Bock, 1982) *'' H. baikalensis'' Watabe, Toda, and Sidorenko, 1996 *'' H. batracida'' Grimaldi, 1994 *'' H. bicoloripennis'' (Okada, 1991) *'' H. borbonica'' (Tsacas and David, 1975) *'' H. borboros'' (Bock, 1976) *'' H. cameraria'' ( Haliday, 1833) *'' H. caputudis'' ( Grimaldi, 1986) *'' H. chagrinensis'' (Stalker and Spencer, 1939) *'' H. chandleri'' ( Grimaldi, 1988) *'' H. cinerea'' (Patterson and Wheeler, 1942) *'' H. clypeata'' (Wheeler, 1968) *'' H. clypeora'' (Wheeler, 1968) *'' H. clypitata'' ( Grimaldi, 1987) *'' H. confusa'' ( Staeger, 1844) *'' H. cowani'' Vilela and Bächli, 2004 *'' H. danielae'' (McEvey and Bock, 1982) *'' H. dentata''

, 1924 *'' H. dolichophallata'' Kumar and Gupta, 1992 *'' H. donaldi'' (Wheeler, 1981) *'' H. duncani'' (Sturtevant, 1918) *'' H. durantae'' (Bock and Parsons, 1979) *'' H. elliptosa'' (Okada, 1974) *'' H. fascipennis'' (Okada, 1967) *'' H. flabellopalpis'' (Okada, 1991) *'' H. flavohalterata'' (

, 1925) *'' H. furcapenis'' (Zhang and Liang, 1995) *'' H. furcapenisoides'' (Zhang and Liang, 1995) *'' H. fuscohalterata'' (

, 1925) *'' H. gavea'' Vilela and Bächli, 2005 *'' H. gilva'' (Burla, 1956) *'' H. glabrifrons'' (

, 1925) *'' H. grisea'' (Patterson and Wheeler, 1942) *'' H. hannae'' (Bock and Parsons, 1978) *'' H. hexapogon'' (Okada, 1991) *'' H. hexaspina'' Fartyal and Singh, 2002 *'' H. hirticornis'' ( Meijere, 1914) *'' H. hirtinotata'' (Okada, 1991) *'' H. hirtominuta'' (Bächli, 1974) *'' H. hirtonigra'' (Bächli, 1974) *'' H. hirudo'' (Bock and Parsons, 1978) *'' H. histrioides'' (Okada and Kurokawa, 1957) *'' H. ikedai'' (Toda, 1989) *'' H. innocua'' ( Malloch, 1934) *'' H. isatoidea'' (Bächli, 1974) *'' H. jacobsoni'' (

, 1926) *'' H. jordanensis'' (Frota-Pessoa, 1945) *'' H. junae'' (Grossfield in Bock, 1976) *'' H. kaindiana'' (Okada and Carson, 1982) *'' H. kangi'' (Okada and Lee, 1961) *'' H. kokodana'' ( Grimaldi, 1990) *'' H. kuscheli'' (Brncic, 1957) *'' H. lamingtoni'' (Bock, 1982) *'' H. lappetata'' (McEvey and Bock, 1982) *'' H. latifrontata'' (Frota-Pessoa, 1945) *'' H. latinokogiri'' (Okada, 1968) *'' H. laurelae'' (Bock, 1982) *'' H. levigata'' (Burla, 1956) *'' H. limbicostata'' (Okada, 1966) *'' H. longala'' (Patterson and Wheeler, 1942) *'' H. longecrinita''

, 1924 *'' H. longetrinica'' (Bächli, 1974) *'' H. longialata'' (Takada and Momma, 1975) *'' H. longicorpata'' (Takada and Momma, 1975) *'' H. longifurcapenis'' (Zhang and Liang, 1995) *'' H. longiphallus'' (Gupta and Sundaran, 1990) *'' H. longivittata'' (Hegde, Naseerulla and Jayashankar, 1989) *'' H. lundstroemi'' (

, 1935) *'' H. macalpinei'' (Bock, 1976) *'' H. macromaculata'' (Kang and Lee, 1961) *'' H. magnarcus'' (Frota-Pessoa, 1951) *'' H. makinoi'' (Okada, 1956) *'' H. manonoensis'' (Harrison, 1954) *'' H. mediohispida'' (Okada, 1967) *'' H. mendeli'' (Mourao, Gallo and Bicudo, 1965) *'' H. menisigra'' (Bächli, 1974) *'' H. mexicoa'' (Wheeler, 1954) *'' H. miniserrata'' (Okada, 1991) *'' H. minuscula'' Vilela and Bächli, 2005 *'' H. mixtura'' (Bock, 1976) *'' H. morgani'' (Mourao, Gallo and Bicudo, 1967) *'' H. mycetophaga'' ( Malloch, 1924) *'' H. narinosa'' (Frota-Pessoa, 1945) *'' H. naumanni'' (Bock, 1986) *'' H. neomakinoi'' (Gupta and Singh, 1981) *'' H. nigripennis'' (Kang, Lee and Bahng, 1965) *'' H. nigriventer'' (McEvey and Bock, 1982) *'' H. nigrohalterata'' (

, 1925) *'' H. nokogiri'' (Okada, 1956) *'' H. novicia'' (Wheeler and Takada, 1964) *'' H. nubalata'' (Okada, 1991) *'' H. nudimanona'' (Okada, 1991) *'' H. nudinokogiri'' (Okada, 1967) *'' H. okadomei'' (Okada, 1967) *'' H. oldenbergi'' (

, 1924) *'' H. omogoensis'' (Okada, 1956) *'' H. orbospiracula'' (Patterson and Wheeler, 1942) *'' H. ordinaria'' (

Coquillett Daniel William Coquillett (23 January 1856, Pleasant Valley, Ill. – 7 July 1911 Atlantic City, New Jersey) was an American entomologist who specialised in Diptera. He wrote a revision of the dipterous family Therevidae and many other scientifi ...

, 1904) *'' H. paiviae'' (Toda and Riihimaa in Toda et al., 1987) *'' H. paleothoracis'' ( Grimaldi, 1987) *'' H. paleovitta'' ( Grimaldi, 1990) *'' H. palumae'' (Bock, 1976) *'' H. paradentata'' (Bächli, 1974) *'' H. paralatifrontata'' (Bächli, 1974) *'' H. paralatinokogiri'' (Okada, 1991) *'' H. paramanona'' (Okada, 1991) *'' H. pentavittata'' (Gupta and Ray-Chaudhuri, 1970) *'' H. pichis'' (Vilela and Bächli, 1990) *'' H. pictiventris'' (

, 1925) *'' H. pleuralis'' ( Williston, 1896) *'' H. pleurostrigata'' (Burla, 1956) *'' H. poecilogastra'' (

, 1926) *'' H. polypori'' ( Malloch, 1924) *'' H. prognatha'' (Sturtevant, 1916) *'' H. pseudonokogiri'' (Kang, Lee and Bahng, 1965) *'' H. quadrivittata'' (Okada, 1956) *'' H. ramulosa'' (Burla, 1956) *'' H. reilliana'' (Bock, 1982) *'' H. sanyi'' (Burla, 1954) *'' H. scutellata'' (

, 1926) *'' H. seminigra'' (

, 1926) *'' H. seminokogiri'' (Okada, 1967) *'' H. sexvittata'' (Okada, 1956) *'' H. shaitanensis'' (Sidorenko in Toda et al., 1996) *'' H. shiptonensis'' (Bock, 1984) *'' H. solomonica'' (Takada, 1983) *'' H. spinicauda'' ( Malloch, 1926) *'' H. spinipes'' (Lamb, 1914) *'' H. strigocula'' (Burla, 1956) *'' H. subflavohalterata'' (Burla, 1956) *'' H. subgilva'' (Burla, 1956) *'' H. sublineata'' (

, 1926) *'' H. taeniopleura'' (Okada, 1991) *'' H. tenuinokogiri'' (Okada, 1991) *'' H. thoracis'' ( Williston, 1896) *'' H. toyohiokadai'' (Sidorenko, 1990) *'' H. tozana'' (Bock, 1989) *'' H. trapezina''

, 1923 *'' H. tricolora'' (Bock, 1976) *'' H. trifasciata'' ( Meijere, 1916) *'' H. trifurca'' (Bock, 1982) *'' H. trilineata'' (Chung, 1960) *'' H. trivittata'' (

Strobl Strobl (or Strobl am Wolfgangsee) is a municipality of the Salzburg-Umgebung District (''Flachgau''), in the northeastern portion of the Austrian state of Salzburg (state), Salzburg, right on the border with Upper Austria. It comprises the Katastr ...

, 1893) *'' H. unicolorata'' (Wheeler, 1959) *'' H. ussurica'' (

, 1935) *'' H. vina'' (Burla, 1954) *'' H. whianensis'' (Bock, 1976) *'' H. yakushimana'' (Okada, 1967)

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q5771790 Articles containing video clips Drosophilidae genera