Hired Armed Cutter Marechal De Cobourg

His Majesty's hired armed vessel ''Marechal de Cobourg'' served the British Royal Navy under contract during the French Revolutionary Wars. Contemporary records also referred to her as ''Marshall de Cobourg'', ''Marshall Cobourg'', ''Marshall Cobourg'', ''Marquis Cobourg'', ''Marquis de Cobourg'', ''Cobourg'', ''Coborg'', and ''Saxe Cobourg''. Further adding to the difficulty in tracking her through the records, is that although she was originally a cutter, later the Navy converted her to a brig.

Her contract ran from 16 October 1794 to 2 November 1801. As a cutter she had a burthen of 202 tons ( bm), and carried twelve 4-pounder guns. As a brig she had a burthen of 210 tons, was armed with 16 guns, and had a crew of 60 men.

Service

In March—April 1795, ''Saxe Coburg'' was part of a squadron under the command of Commodore John Willett Payne, who had hoisted his pennant in , Captain William Lechmere commanding. The squadron's task was to escort George, Prince of Wales's official wife, Caroline of Brunswick to Britain. Princess Caroline left from Cuxhaven on 28 March 1795 in ''Jupiter'' and, delayed by poor weather, landed at Greenwich on 5 April.

''Marshall de Cobourg'' was under the command of Lieutenant Charles Webb on 12 December 1796 when she captured the French privateer lugger ''Espoir'' off Dungeness. ''Espoir'' was armed with two guns and had a crew of 18 men.

''Marechall de Cobourg'' recaptured ''Anson'', of Wells, on 21 September.

At some point before October 1797, ''Marshall de Cobourg'' recaptured the ship ''Watts'', of Mary Port, and the brig ''Blackest and Ridley'', of North Shields. Webb and ''Marechal de Cobourg'' also recaptured the ship ''William'', of Whitby, and the brig ''Eliza'', of Sunderland.

At 7.a.m. on 25 February 1798 ''Cobourg'', still under Webb's command, encountered a French privateer lugger at about 16 leagues from Cromer. A nine-hour chase ensued, including two hours of close combat. The lugger twice attempted to board but ''Coburg'' repulsed her, before a broadside brought down the lugger's main and mizzen masts, and took away her fore yard; at that point the lugger struck. She turned out to be ''Revanche'', of 16 guns and 62 men, and she had lost seven men killed and eight wounded; ''Coburg'' had only two men lightly wounded. Webb just succeeded in evacuating all the prisoners and getting his own boarding party back, when ''Revanche'' sank, having taken more than 40 shots between wind and water. She was an entirely new vessel, the largest to have sailed out of Calais, and was six days into a one-month cruise, but had taken nothing.

Lord Spencer appointed Lieutenant Terence O'Neill commander of ''Marechal de Cobourg'' on 30 April 1798. At that time she was a brig.

Between 2 and 6 May 1798, ''Coburg'' (still described in prize money notices as a cutter), captured ''Werf Lust'', ''Eendragt'', ''Verwagting'', ''Hoop'', ''Jonge Paulus'', and ''Jonge Adriana'', which were Dutch fishing vessels.

On 14 September ''Marshall de Cobourg'' captured ''Mentor''. Also in September and ''Cobourg'' captured ''Neptunus''.

On 18 January 1799 Admiral Lord Viscount Duncan sent O'Neill and ''Marshall de Cobourg'' to cruise off the Texel. On 1 February, north of the Texel, ''Marshall de Cobourg'' sighted a cutter sailing towards them. The cutter's movements and signals suggested an enemy vessel, so O'Neill executed several deceptions to decoy her closer. When she came close enough ''Marshall de Cobourg'' fired a few shots and the cutter struck. The British took possession of the cutter and found that she was the Dutch privateer ''Flushinger'', armed with four 2-pounder guns, and having a crew of 28 men under the command of Mynheer Van C. G. Hamendel. She was three days out of Helvoet, and had not captured anything. ''Marshall de Cobourg'' then returned to Yarmouth, but had to sail on to the Nore to replenish her ordnance stores.

O'Neill frequently carried messages from Duncan to the Dutch authorities at the Texel and earned their. On one occasion, when supplies on ''Cobourg'' were running low, the Dutch commodore, Commodore Capelle, sent O'Neill an abundant supply of provisions with a warm note.

The British and Dutch came to an agreement in autumn 1799 that they would, within certain limits, permit each other's fishermen to fish without interference. Therefore, on 25 March 1800 Admiral Lord Viscount Duncan wrote a letter to Admiral de Winter concerning a British fisherman's complaint that a Dutch privateer had chased him, and dispatched O'Neill and ''Cobourg'' to deliver the letter. de Winter replied that the privateer had been French, and so beyond his control.

On 25 April 1800 O'Neill received an appointment to ''Tromp'' as master and commander. (O'Neill sailed ''Tromp'' to the West Indies but on arrival had to give up command due to there being an officer there who had also been appointed to command her.)

Lieutenant James Watson commanded the cutter ''Saxe Cobourg'' in the North Sea until he received promotion to Commander in January 1801. Earlier, he had commanded the gun-brig until she wrecked in January 1800.

A few days after O'Neill's promotion, on 4 and 5 May, ''Coburg'' was among the vessels that captured 12 outward-bound Greenland ships. The other vessels included the hired armed cutter ''Fox'', ''Jalouse'', and , though most were much larger and included , , , , and , among others.

The hired cutters ''Rose'' and ''Cobourg'' shared the proceeds of the capture on 11 July of ''Kleine Charlotte''.

On 2 March 1801, observers on shore in Southwold Bay observed a French vessel of 12 to 14 guns and 50 to 60 men working her way towards some coasters, and capturing a sloop. The Sea Fencibles were alerted, as was a detachment of dragoons, and a local shore battery fired a number of shots. The shots both drove off the privateer, and alerted other vessels in the area. Among the vessel the shots alerted were ''Cobourg'' and the hired lugger ''Speculator''.

At nine o'clock in the evening the "Hired Brig ''Cobourg''" was a few miles off the land and under the command of Lieutenant Mayson Wright when she captured the French privateer lugger ''Bienvenu'' (or ''Bien Venu''), of Calais. She was armed with 14 carriage guns and was two days out of Calais. She had a crew of 80 men.

At the time of her capture two of her prizes were in sight and Wright hoped to recapture them. As it happened, ''Speculator'' succeeded in recapturing the sloop ''Adventure'', which ''Bienvenu'' had captured.

''Jalouse'' and ''Marshal de Cobourg'' captured several Dutch vessels on 22 and 23 July:
:''Negotie'' and ''Zeeward'' (22 July)
:''Hoop'' (same)
:''Jusfrouw Dirkje'' (23 July)

''Coborg'', , and shared in the proceeds of the capture on 3 October of ''Juffrow Catharine''.

Three days later ''Cobourg'' captured the fishing vessel ''Jonge Jan''. ''Kite'' shared by agreement with ''Cobourg'' in the proceeds.

Notes

Citations

References

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*Schomberg, Isaac (1815) ''Naval Chronology, Or an Historical Summary of Naval and Maritime Events from the Time of the Romans, to the Treaty of Peace 1802: With an Appendix'', Volume 5. (London: T. Egerton).
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Marechal de Cobourg, Hired armed cutter
Hired armed vessels of the Royal Navy