Hippolyte Cloquet (10 March 1787 – 3 March 1840) was a French physician and

anatomist Anatomy () is the branch of biology concerned with the study of the structure of organisms and their parts. Anatomy is a branch of natural science that deals with the structural organization of living things. It is an old science, having its ...

who was a native of

Paris Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. S ...

. He was the brother of

surgeon In modern medicine, a surgeon is a medical professional who performs surgery. Although there are different traditions in different times and places, a modern surgeon usually is also a licensed physician or received the same medical training as ...

Jules Germain Cloquet Jules Germain Cloquet (18 December 1790 – 23 February 1883) was a French physician and surgeon who was born and practiced medicine in Paris. His older brother, Hippolyte Cloquet (1787-1840) and his younger nephew Ernest Cloquet (1818-1855) w ...

(1790–1883), and father to Ernest Cloquet (1818–1855), who was a personal physician to

Mohammad Shah Qajar Mohammad Shah (; born Mohammad Mirza; 5 January 1808 – 5 September 1848) was the third Qajar dynasty, Qajar ''shah'' of Qajar Iran, Iran from 1834 to 1848, having succeeded his grandfather Fath-Ali Shah Qajar, Fath-Ali Shah. From a young age, M ...

of Persia. He studied medicine in Paris, where he earned his doctorate in 1815. In 1823 he became a member of the ''

Académie de Médecine An academy ( Attic Greek: Ἀκαδήμεια; Koine Greek Ἀκαδημία) is an institution of secondary or tertiary higher learning (and generally also research or honorary membership). The name traces back to Plato's school of philosophy ...

''. Cloquet was a pioneer in the field of

rhinology Otorhinolaryngology ( , abbreviated ORL and also known as otolaryngology, otolaryngology–head and neck surgery (ORL–H&N or OHNS), or ear, nose, and throat (ENT)) is a surgical subspeciality within medicine that deals with the surgical a ...

, and in 1821 published '' Osphrésiologie, ou traité des odeurs'', which was a comprehensive treatise that discussed

olfaction The sense of smell, or olfaction, is the special sense through which smells (or odors) are perceived. The sense of smell has many functions, including detecting desirable foods, hazards, and pheromones, and plays a role in taste. In humans, it ...

, diseases of the nose, deviations of the septum,

rhinoplasty Rhinoplasty ( grc, ῥίς, rhī́s, nose + grc, πλάσσειν, plássein, to shape), commonly called nose job, medically called nasal reconstruction is a plastic surgery procedure for altering and reconstructing the nose. There are two typ ...

, et al. He was also author of ''Traité d'anatomie descriptive'', an influential French text of anatomy that ran through six editions. The fourth edition of this work was translated into English by anatomist

Robert Knox Robert Knox (4 September 1791 – 20 December 1862) was a Scottish anatomist and ethnologist best known for his involvement in the Burke and Hare murders. Born in Edinburgh, Scotland, Knox eventually partnered with anatomist and former teach ...

(1791–1862). Cloquet also made contributions in the field of

zoology Zoology ()The pronunciation of zoology as is usually regarded as nonstandard, though it is not uncommon. is the branch of biology that studies the Animal, animal kingdom, including the anatomy, structure, embryology, evolution, Biological clas ...

, his treatise ''Poissons et Reptiles'' was included in the ''Dictionnaire des Sciences Naturelles''.

Associated eponyms

* ''Cloquet's ganglion'': An enlargement of the

nasopalatine nerve The nasopalatine nerve (long sphenopalatine nerve) is a nerve of the head. It is a branch of the pterygopalatine ganglion, a continuation from the maxillary nerve (V2). It supplies parts of the palate and nasal septum. Structure The nasopalati ...

in the anterior palatine canal. * ''Cloquet's space'': A space between the

ciliary zonule The zonule of Zinn () (Zinn's membrane, ciliary zonule) (after Johann Gottfried Zinn) is a ring of fibrous strands forming a zonule (little band) that connects the ciliary body with the crystalline lens of the eye. These fibers are sometimes colle ...

and the

vitreous body The vitreous body (''vitreous'' meaning "glass-like"; , ) is the clear gel that fills the space between the lens and the retina of the eyeball (the vitreous chamber) in humans and other vertebrates. It is often referred to as the vitreous humor ...

References

* "Parts of this article are based on a translation of an equivalent article at the

French Wikipedia The French Wikipedia (french: Wikipédia en français) is the French-language edition of Wikipedia, the free online encyclopedia. This edition was started on 23 March 2001, two months after the official creation of Wikipedia. It has article ...

".
Heirs of Hippocrates
Notes on "Traité d'anatomie descriptive"

Relations with Persia 1789–1918
Medicine Word
(definition of eponym)

Walusinski O. Joseph Hippolyte Cloquet (1787–1840)—Physiology of smell, Portrait of a pioneer. Clinical and Translational Neuroscience 2018;2(1) French anatomists French otolaryngologists French zoologists 1787 births 1840 deaths Scientists from Paris {{France-med-bio-stub

Associated eponyms

See also

References