Kinder High School for the Performing and Visual Arts (Kinder HSPVA, HSPVA or PVA) is a

secondary school A secondary school describes an institution that provides secondary education and also usually includes the building where this takes place. Some secondary schools provide both '' secondary education, lower secondary education'' (ages 11 to 14) ...

located at 790 Austin Street in the downtown district of

Houston, Texas Houston (; ) is the most populous city in Texas, the most populous city in the Southern United States, the fourth-most populous city in the United States, and the sixth-most populous city in North America, with a population of 2,304,580 in ...

. The school is a part of the

Houston Independent School District The Houston Independent School District (HISD) is the largest public school system in Texas, and the eighth-largest in the United States. Houston ISD serves as a community school district for most of the city of Houston and several nearby and ...

. The school educates grades nine through twelve. The school is divided into six departments: instrumental music, vocal music, dance, theater (including technical theater), visual arts, and creative writing. HSPVA was placed as the top school in the Greater Houston Area by

Children at Risk CHILDREN AT RISK is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization that drives changes for children through research, education, and influencing public policy. Founded in the year of 1989 in Houston, Texas and with an office opened in North Texas in 2011, ...

's 2009 annual ranking of high schools, and it has continued to be ranked as an "A" grade or higher by Children at Risk. Since 2003, HSPVA has had eight students named US Presidential Scholars in the Arts (

Presidential Scholars Program The United States Presidential Scholars Program is a program of the United States Department of Education. It is described as "one of the Nation's highest honors for students" in the United States of America and the globe. The program was estab ...

) by the

US Department of Education The United States Department of Education is a Cabinet-level department of the United States government. It began operating on May 4, 1980, having been created after the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare was split into the Department ...

as selected by the National YoungArts Foundation ( YoungArts). As a Magnet school, HSPVA does not automatically enroll students from the surrounding neighborhood; the surrounding neighborhood is zoned to Northside High School.

Art areas

There are six art areas: vocal music, instrumental music, dance, theatre, visual art, and creative writing. There are subdivisions within some of these art areas. Instrumental Music breaks down into band, orchestra, jazz, mariachi, and piano. Theatre breaks down into musical theatre, acting, and technical theatre.

History

HSPVA was established in 1971. HeinenTheaterHCCSHouston

HISD chose Ruth Denney as the school's founding director.Gore, p
9
The district asked Denney to choose between three potential sites: W. D. Cleveland Elementary School, Montrose Elementary School, and the former Temple Beth Israel building. After touring them, Denney selected the temple building and in May 1971 the final plans for HSPVA were presented to the school board.Gore, p. 10. Parents rallied against a planned move to

Timbergrove Manor Timbergrove Manor is a neighborhood in northwest Houston, Texas. It consists of two sections with two different homeowners associations: Timbergrove Manor Civic Club (TMCC) and Timbergrove Manor Neighborhood Association (TMNA). Timbergrove Manor d ...

due to its lack of proximity to Downtown Houston, artist landmarks, and the

Houston Museum District The Houston Museum District is an association of 19 museums, galleries, cultural centers and community organizations located in Houston, Texas, dedicated to promoting art, science, history and culture. The Houston Museum District currently inc ...

, even though the district had already paid $500,000 for planning as of 1979. The school moved to 4001 Stanford Street, the site of the former Montrose Elementary School, in 1982. The cost was $1.3 million, and the HISD board had given the green light to the move the previous year. Keith Plocek of the ''

Houston Press The ''Houston Press'' is an online newspaper published in Houston, Texas, United States. It is headquartered in the Midtown area. It was also a weekly print newspaper until November 2017. The publication is supported entirely by advertising ...

'' wrote that partly due to the 9th grade being reassigned to the high school level in 1981, "The building on Stanford Street was overcrowded from the get-go" as the facility was only intended for grades 10-12. The HSPVA Friends booster club stated an intention to raise funds to recoup the money used for the Timbergrove site planning; according to the group, the district and HSPVA Friends had conflicting interpretations of their accord in the said recouping, and Plocek stated "The Friends never really paid much of the bill". By the late 1990s parents advocated for another move due to overpopulation, but again rejected the idea of the Timbergrove site due to the lack of proximity. In the 1990s, there was a proposal to move HSPVA to the Bob R. Casey Federal Building in

Downtown Houston Downtown is the largest central business district in the city of Houston and the largest in the state of Texas, located near the geographic center of the metropolitan area at the confluence of Interstate 10 in Texas, Interstate 10, Interstate 45, ...

.Sarnoff, Nancy.
Officials ponder downtown move for HSPVA
" ''Houston Chronicle''. October 14, 2009. HISD later proposed moving the school near the

Gregory-Lincoln Education Center Edgar Gregory-Abraham Lincoln Education Center (GLEC) is a K-8 school located at 1101 Taft in the Fourth Ward area of Houston, Texas, United States. Gregory-Lincoln is a part of the Houston Independent School District (HISD) and has a fine arts ...

in Houston's Freedmen's Town Historical District in the Fourth Ward. HISD officials agreed to pursue a relocation at that time as Friends of HSPVA agreed to raise about 50% of a projected $30 million cost to develop a new site; otherwise HISD officials were reluctant to promote building a new HSPVA when there were schools with campuses in much worse repair. The Fourth Ward building would have included a 2000+ seat state-of-the-art theater, updated facilities and possibly a recording studio. Construction was temporarily delayed due to the discovery of a possible

American Civil War The American Civil War (April 12, 1861 – May 26, 1865; also known by other names) was a civil war in the United States. It was fought between the Union ("the North") and the Confederacy ("the South"), the latter formed by states th ...

-era cemetery. In June 2007, the project page for the building displayed "CANCELLED." The site that was to have the new HSPVA instead has the new

Carnegie Vanguard High School Andrew Carnegie Vanguard High School, named after Andrew Carnegie, is located in the Fourth Ward of Houston, Texas near Downtown and was formerly located near Sunnyside. The school serves grades 9-12 and is part of the Houston Independent School ...

Naming discussion

On October 13, 2016, the Houston Independent School District Board of Trustees voted 7 to 2 to accept a naming rights contract from the Kinder Foundation for a $7.5 million for capital improvements to the new facility. The school's name will become Kinder High School for the Performing and Visual Arts when the school moves to the new downtown location. The Kinder funds provide primarily upgrades to theater equipment and some performance spaces, such as outfitting the mini-theater. The contract was approved by the school board after the Kinder Foundation said it would withdraw the funds if the board did not vote, six days after the public announcement of the deal. One HISD board member, Jolanda Jones, spoke against the deal, arguing that it was selling out the rights to name a school and that HISD was not giving attention to the non-specialty schools in the district. Jones and Diana Davila were the only board members to vote against the deal. Most speakers at the board meeting, including community members and HSPVA students and parents, supported the deal (17 speakers in favor, 11 against). HoustonHSPVA

In April 2017, in response to a petition asking the Kinders to give the name back, Richard Kinder wrote to the superintendent of Houston Independent School District. Citing negative controversy, he offered to release the naming rights, but did not suggest or request the school's name be restored. By contract, the name change will be effective when the new downtown school building is occupied.

New campus

In January 2019, HSPVA moved from its Montrose campus to the downtown site at 790 Austin Street. The former campus now houses the Arabic Immersion Magnet School.

Demographics

The demographics for the 2017 - 2018 school year are listed below. Anglo white students made up less than 50% of the student body, and the three ZIP codes with the highest numbers of students in HSPVA included

Meyerland Meyerland is a community in southwest Houston, Texas, outside of the 610 Loop and inside Beltway 8. The neighborhood is named after the Meyer family, who bought and owned 6,000 acres (24 km²) of land in southwest Houston. Meyerland is th ...

, Montrose, and the

West University West University Place, often called West University or West U for short, is a city located in the U.S. state of Texas within the metropolitan area and southwestern Harris County. At the 2020 U.S. census, the population of the city was 14,955. ...

areas. The HSPVA student body had a higher percentage of Anglo white students than that of HISD as a whole. That year 15% of the students were low income. HSPVA historically had higher rates of minority enrollment as it had affirmative action policies, but these policies were withdrawn after 1997.

Campus

A block in Downtown Houston is the new location for HSPVA. It formerly housed Sam Houston High School; at a later point the building housed the HISD headquarters.Gonzales, J.R.
Sam Houston High School (old)
" ''Houston Chronicle''. March 30, 2010. . The building is five stories and in size, at a cost of $88.4 million. Gensler Architects designed the building. Groundbreaking occurred on December 14, 2014. The previous campus was on Blocks 12 and 13 of the Lockard Connor and Barziza Addition, in Montrose. , many students practiced their creative arts in the school hallway due to the small size of the campus. Many Montrose-area residents attended performances even though they do not have children enrolled in the school. Students sometimes traveled to area cafes and restaurants after the official end of the school day but before additional rehearsals.

Admissions patterns

HSPVA has no actual feeder patterns. Since it is a magnet school it takes students from all over HISD, and, until recently, from districts outside of HISD. HSPVA takes students from many HISD middle schools. In addition, some students who are enrolled in private schools in the 8th grade, such as St. Mark's Episcopal School,

Presbyterian School Presbyterian School is a private, coeducational Christian PreK-8 day school in the Museum District, Houston. Presbyterian School is composed of three divisions: an Early Childhood division, Alpha through Pre-kindergarten, a Lower School divis ...

River Oaks Baptist School River Oaks Baptist School is a Private school, private, Christian, co-educational day school for students in K-8 school, preschool, lower school and middle school located in River Oaks, Houston, Houston, Texas. Founded as a mission of a small Bap ...

, John Paul II School, and Annunciation Orthodox School, choose to go to HSPVA for high school.

Notable alumni

Jay Alexander Jay Alexander (born April 10, 1968) is an American magician and comedian known as a corporate and society entertainer. He has appeared on ''The Today Show'', '' Good Morning America'' and MTV, and also on many local morning shows. In the ''S ...

(magician mentalist) *

Lisa Hartman Black Lisa Hartman Black is an American actress and singer. Career After some minor television appearances, Hartman starred on the short-lived ''Bewitched'' spin-off, ''Tabitha'' during 1977–78. She subsequently appeared frequently on television in ...

(actress)Distinguished HISD Alumni
." ''

''. *

Kevin Cahoon Kevin Cahoon (born July 21, 1971) is an American actor, director, writer, and singer-songwriter. Early life Kevin Cahoon was born on July 21, 1971, in Houston, Texas. Cahoon began his performing career at the age of six as 'The World's Younges ...

(Broadway Performer) * Susan Choi (novelist) *

Tamarie Cooper Tamarie Cooper (born September 9, 1970) is an actress and playwright in Houston, Texas who is best known for her work with Infernal Bridegroom Productions and the Catastrophic Theatre. She currently serves as artistic director of the Catastrophic ...

(Playwright and Performer) *

Bryan-Michael Cox Bryan-Michael Paul Cox (born December 1, 1977) is an American record producer and songwriter who is notable for his work with artists such as Usher, Mariah Carey, Mary J. Blige, and Toni Braxton. Among his most notable productions are "Be Wit ...

(Grammy Award-winning songwriter/record producer) *

Chris Dave Chris "Daddy" Dave is a drummer, composer, and bandleader from Houston, Texas. He attended Howard University. He is a drummer in jazz, gospel, hip hop, noted for his extremely virtuosic sticking technique and ability to play with a high deg ...

(drummer) *

Tamar Davis Tamar may refer to: Arts, entertainment and media * ''Tamar'' (album), by Tamar Braxton, 2000 * ''Tamar'' (novel), by Mal Peet, 2005 * ''Tamar'' (poem), an epic poem by Robinson Jeffers People * Tamar (name), including a list of people with ...

(singer and actress) *

Ryan Delahoussaye Blue October is an American rock band originally from Houston, Texas. The band was formed in 1995 and is currently composed of singer/guitarist Justin Furstenfeld, drummer Jeremy Furstenfeld, multi-instrumentalist Ryan Delahoussaye, bassis ...

(member of the rock band Blue October) *

Brett Deubner Brett Deubner (born March 31, 1968, Berkeley, California) is an American Viola, violist. He has performed as concerto Soloist (music), soloist with over 70 orchestras on four continents. Early life Growing up his primary teachers were violinis ...

(Violist) *

Mireille Enos Mireille Enos (; born September 22, 1975) is an American actress. Drawn to acting from a young age, she graduated in performing arts from Brigham Young University, where she was awarded the Irene Ryan Acting Scholarship. Having made her acting ...

(Actress)Outstanding Alumni
." ''High School for the Performing and Visual Arts''. *

Michelle Forbes Michelle Renee Forbes Guajardo (born January 8, 1965) is an American actress who has appeared on television and in independent films. Forbes gained attention for her dual role in daytime soap opera ''Guiding Light'', for which she received a D ...

(Actress) *

James Francies James Francies (born 1995) is an American jazz pianist, keyboardist, composer, and arranger. He grew up in Houston but moved to New York to continue his musical studies. Following performances and recordings with various musicians, his first albu ...

(pianist and keyboardist) *

K. Todd Freeman Kenneth Todd Freeman (born July 9, 1965) is an American actor. He has been nominated for two Tony Awards over the course of his career and has won one Drama Desk Award. He has played supporting roles in films such as ''Grosse Pointe Blank'' (1997 ...

(Stage Actor) *

Justin Furstenfeld Justin Steward Furstenfeld (born December 14, 1975) is an American musician and actor. He is the lead vocalist, guitarist, and lyricist of rock band Blue October. He is also a member of the band Harvard of the South. Personal life When not tou ...

(member of the rock band "

Blue October Blue October is an American rock band originally from Houston, Texas. The band was formed in 1995 and is currently composed of singer/guitarist Justin Furstenfeld, drummer Jeremy Furstenfeld, multi-instrumentalist Ryan Delahoussaye, bassist M ...

") *

Robert Glasper Robert Andre Glasper (born April 6, 1978) is an American pianist, record producer, songwriter, and musical arranger with a career that bridges several different musical and artistic genres, mostly centered on jazz. To date, Glasper has won fou ...

(Grammy Award-winning Jazz Musician) * Bianna Golodryga (TV journalist) *

Chachi Gonzales Olivia "Chachi" Hildén (née Gonzales) is an American dancer, choreographer and actress. She was a member of the dance crew I.aM.mE, which won the sixth season of ''America's Best Dance Crew'' in 2011. Life and career Hildén was born Oli ...

(Dancer, Choreographer) *

John Gremillion John Michael Gremillion (born 1967) is an American voice actor who works for Funimation and Seraphim Digital/Sentai Filmworks. He has provided voices for a number of English-language versions of Japanese anime series and video games; notable credi ...

(voice actor in

anime is Traditional animation, hand-drawn and computer animation, computer-generated animation originating from Japan. Outside of Japan and in English, ''anime'' refers specifically to animation produced in Japan. However, in Japan and in Japane ...

films) *

Tim Guinee Timothy S. Guinee (born November 18, 1962) is an American stage, television, and feature-film actor. Primarily known for his roles as Tomin in the television series ''Stargate SG-1'' (1997–2007) and railroad entrepreneur Collis Huntington AMC ...

* Eric Harland (Jazz Drummer) *

Everette Harp Everette Harp (born August 17, 1961, in Houston, Texas) is an American jazz saxophonist who has recorded for Blue Note, Capitol and Shanachie Records. His album ''Jazz Funk Soul'', a collaboration with Chuck Loeb and Jeff Lorber, received his fi ...

(Jazz musician) *

Sara Hickman Sara Hickman (born March 1, 1963) is an American singer, songwriter, and artist.Houston Folk Music Archive(Woodson Research Center, Fondren Library, Rice University)Guide to the Houston Folk Music Archive(Woodson Research Center, Fondren Library ...

(Singer and songwriter) *

Lance Hosey Lance Hosey (September 11, 1964 - August 27, 2021) was an American architect. In 2020, he joined HMC Architects, a large California-based firm, as the design industry's first Chief Impact Officer. Previously, he was a principal, design director ...

(Award-winning architect and author) * Cheryl Kelley (Photorealist painter) *

Autumn Knight Autumn Knight (born 1980) is an American interdisciplinary artist working with performance, installation, and text from Houston, Texas who lives and works in New York City. Early life and education Knight attended the High School for Perfo ...

(interdisciplinary artist) *

Beyoncé Knowles Beyoncé Giselle Knowles-Carter ( ; born September 4, 1981) is an American singer, songwriter, and actress. Beyoncé's boundary-pushing artistry and vocals have made her the most influential female musician of the 21st century, according to ...

(Grammy Award-winning musician) * Major R. Johnson Finley ("MAJOR.") *

LeToya Luckett LeToya Nicole Luckett (born March 11, 1981) is an American R&B singer and actress. She rose to fame in the late 1990s as a founding member of the R&B girl group Destiny's Child, one of the world's best-selling girl groups of all time. As a me ...

(Grammy Award-winning musician) *

Ralphie May Ralph Duren May (February 17, 1972 – October 6, 2017) was an American stand-up comedian and actor, known for his extensive touring and comedy specials on multiple media platforms. Early life May was born in Chattanooga, Tennessee and raised in ...

(Comedian) *

Adam Mayfield Adam Mayfield (born August 2, 1976) is an American actor. He is best known for portraying Scott Chandler on the ABC soap opera ''All My Children''. He has joined the cast of NBC soap opera drama series ''Days of Our Lives'', and debuted in 2015 ...

(An

American American(s) may refer to: * American, something of, from, or related to the United States of America, commonly known as the "United States" or "America" ** Americans, citizens and nationals of the United States of America ** American ancestry, pe ...

actor, who has been portraying Scott Chandler on the

ABC ABC are the first three letters of the Latin script known as the alphabet. ABC or abc may also refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media Broadcasting * American Broadcasting Company, a commercial U.S. TV broadcaster ** Disney–ABC Television ...

soap opera A soap opera, or ''soap'' for short, is a typically long-running radio or television serial, frequently characterized by melodrama, ensemble casts, and sentimentality. The term "soap opera" originated from radio dramas originally being sponsored ...

All My Children ''All My Children'' (often shortened to ''AMC'') is an American television soap opera that aired on American Broadcasting Company, ABC from January 5, 1970, to September 23, 2011, and on The Online Network (TOLN) from April 29 to September 2, 20 ...

'' since April 2009.) * Margarita Monet (founder of the band Edge Of Paradise) * DeQuina Moore (Broadway Actress, Singer, Dancer) *

Jason Moran Jason Moran may refer to: * Jason Moran (criminal) (1967–2003), Australian mobster * Jason Moran (musician) Jason Moran (born January 21, 1975) is an American jazz pianist, composer, and educator involved in multimedia art and theatrical inst ...

(jazz musician) *

Mike Moreno Mike Moreno (born October 8, 1978) is a jazz guitarist and composer from Houston, Texas. According to an NPR interview in 2008,Jackson, Josh, (Feb. 5, 2008).Mike Moreno: Jazz Guitar 'Between the Lines'. NPR. Retrieved Jan. 28, 2013. Moreno's ma ...

Jazz Guitarist *

Carli Mosier Carli Mosier (born February 28, 1978) is an American voice actress and political activist, who has worked for ADV Films, Funimation and Seraphim Digital/ Sentai Filmworks. She is also a board member for the River Oaks Area Democratic Women (ROAD ...

(Voice actress) *

Matt Mullenweg Matthew Charles Mullenweg (born January 11, 1984) is an American entrepreneur and web developer living in Houston. He is known for developing the free and open source software, free and open-source web software WordPress, now managed by The WordP ...

(Co-founder of

WordPress WordPress (WP or WordPress.org) is a free and open-source content management system (CMS) written in hypertext preprocessor language and paired with a MySQL or MariaDB database with supported HTTPS. Features include a plugin architecture ...

) *

Renee O'Connor Evelyn Renee O'Connor (born February 15, 1971) is an American actress, producer, and director, known for the role of Gabrielle on the television series '' Xena: Warrior Princess''. Early life Born in Houston, and raised in suburban Katy, Texas, ...

(Actress) *

Lovie Olivia Lovie Olivia is an American multidisciplinary visual artist. She uses the media of printmaking, painting, and installations to explore themes of gender, sexuality, race, class and power. Early life and education Olivia is a native of Houston, ...

(Multidisciplinary artist) * Mark Payne (Emmy Award-winning makeup artist) *

Esteban Powell Esteban Louis Powell (born June 15, 1976) is an American actor. He attended the High School for the Performing and Visual Arts in Houston, a magnet school of the Houston Independent School District. He was cast in the role of Carl Burnet in the ...

(Actor) *

Robh Ruppel Robh Ruppel is an American artist best known for his work on role-playing game products. Critic Joseph Szadkowski of ''The Washington Times'' has referred to him as a "horror genius". Early life Robh Ruppel grew up in Bellaire, Texas, and att ...

(Illustrator) *

Kendrick Scott Kendrick Scott (born July 8, 1980 in Houston, Texas, United States) is an American jazz drummer, bandleader, and composer. He is the founder of the record label World Culture Music. Biography Kendrick A.D. Scott was born and raised in Houston. ...

(Jazz musician) * Ronen Segev (Classical Pianist) *

Mark Seliger Mark may refer to: Currency * Bosnia and Herzegovina convertible mark, the currency of Bosnia and Herzegovina * East German mark, the currency of the German Democratic Republic * Estonian mark, the currency of Estonia between 1918 and 1927 * Fin ...

(Photographer) *

Justin Simien Justin Simien (born May 7, 1983) is an American filmmaker, actor, and author. His first feature film, ''Dear White People'', won the U.S. Dramatic Special Jury Award for Breakthrough Talent at the 2014 Sundance Film Festival. The film was later ...

(Filmmaker, Writer) *

Walter Smith III Walter Smith III (born September 24, 1980) is an American jazz saxophonist and composer. He is the Chair of the Woodwind Department at the Berklee College of Music. In addition to performing with his own group, Smith is a member of the Ambros ...

, (Jazz composer and Musician) *

Helen Sung Helen Sung is an American jazz pianist. Music career Sung is a native of Houston, Texas, and is of Chinese heritage. She attended Houston's High School for the Performing and Visual Arts, and went on to receive undergraduate and master's degrees ...

(Professional musician) *

Leron Thomas Leron Thomas (born April 8, 1979) is an American jazz trumpeter, composer and vocalist noted for his musical style as a "masterful genre-bender". Born in Houston, Texas Thomas attended the High School for the Performing and Visual Arts. He moved t ...

(multi-genre composer, Jazz musician, vocalist, rapper) *

Devyn Tyler Devyn Ariel Tyler is an American actress. She is a regular on the TV series ''Snowfall'' and ''Clarice''. Biography Tyler was born in New Orleans to actress Deneen Tyler. She attended the Kinder High School for the Performing and Visual Arts ...

(Actress) * Chris Walker (R&B Singer) *

Chandra Wilson Chandra Danette Wilson (born August 27, 1969) is an American actress and director. She is best known for her role as Dr. Miranda Bailey in the ABC television drama ''Grey's Anatomy'' since 2005, for which she has been nominated for the Emmy ...

(Emmy nominated Actress) *

Harris Wittels Harris Lee Wittels (April 20, 1984 – February 19, 2015) was an American comedian. He was a writer for ''The Sarah Silverman Program'', a writer and executive producer for '' Parks and Recreation'', and a recurring guest on ''Comedy Bang! Bang!' ...

(Comedian, writer) *

Camille Zamora Camille Zamora (born December 14, 1976) is an American soprano recognized for her performance of opera, zarzuela, oratorio, art song and American songbook. She performs repertoire ranging from the early Baroque to 21st century premieres by compos ...

(Opera singer) *

Gwendolyn Zepeda Gwendolyn Zepeda (born December 27, 1971 in Houston, Texas) is an American author. Zepeda is Houston's first Poet Laureate, serving a two-year term from 2013 to 2015. She was succeeded by Leslie Contreras Schwartz. History Her father was Mexica ...

(Poet)Reagan HS grad becomes Houston’s first poet laureate
"

. May 9, 2013. Retrieved on August 19, 2017. While she graduated from Reagan, she also attended HSPVA as noted on the page

References

* Gore, Elaine Clift (2007). ''Talent Knows No Color: The History of an Arts Magnet High School''. Charlotte, NC:

Information Age Publishing, Inc. Information Age Publishing Inc. (IAP) is a publisher of academic books, primarily in the fields of education and management. It was founded in 1999 by George Johnson and is located in Charlotte, North Carolina Charlotte ( ) is the most popul ...

(IAP). , 9781593117610.

Notes

External links

* ** ** - 2001-2007 ** ** - 1998-2001
On Shaky Grounds
A

article about the problems with the proposed Fourth Ward site (later instead used for Carnegie) {{authority control Relocated schools Educational institutions established in 1971 Houston Independent School District high schools Magnet schools in Houston Schools of the performing arts in the United States Public high schools in Houston 1971 establishments in Texas Neartown, Houston Midtown, Houston