Heydour is a hamlet and
civil parish
In England, a civil parish is a type of administrative parish used for local government. It is a territorial designation which is the lowest tier of local government below districts and counties, or their combined form, the unitary authority ...
in the
South Kesteven
South Kesteven is a Non-metropolitan district, local government district in Lincolnshire, England, forming part of the traditional Kesteven division of the county. It covers Bourne, Lincolnshire, Bourne, Grantham, Market Deeping and Stamford, Li ...
district of
Lincolnshire
Lincolnshire (abbreviated Lincs.) is a county in the East Midlands of England, with a long coastline on the North Sea to the east. It borders Norfolk to the south-east, Cambridgeshire to the south, Rutland to the south-west, Leicestershire ...
, England.
The parish population of 286 at the 2001 census rose to 311 at the 2011 census. Heydour lies about south-west of
Sleaford
Sleaford is a market town and Civil parishes in England, civil parish in the North Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, England. Centred on the former parish of New Sleaford, the modern boundaries and urban area include Quarrington, Lincolnshire, ...
and north-east of
Grantham
Grantham () is a market and industrial town in the South Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, England, situated on the banks of the River Witham and bounded to the west by the A1 road. It lies some 23 miles (37 km) south of the Lincoln and ...
. It forms a group of parish hamlets with
Kelby
Kelby is a hamlet in the North Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, England. It lies south-west from Sleaford, north-east from Grantham and south-east from Ancaster. The hamlet forms part of the civil parish of Culverthorpe and Kelby.
Kelb ...
,
Culverthorpe
Culverthorpe is a hamlet in the civil parish of Culverthorpe and Kelby, in the North Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, England. It lies south-west from Sleaford, north-east from Grantham and south-east from Ancaster.
History
According t ...
,
Oasby
Oasby is a hamlet in the civil parish of Heydour, in the South Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, England. It lies north-east of Grantham.
Oasby, Heydour, Aisby, Culverthorpe and Kelby are the five hamlets within Heydour parish.
O ...
and
Aisby.
History
The 1086 ''
Domesday Book
Domesday Book () – the Middle English spelling of "Doomsday Book" – is a manuscript record of the "Great Survey" of much of England and parts of Wales completed in 1086 by order of King William I, known as William the Conqueror. The manusc ...
'' records it as ''"Haidure"'' and ''"Heidure"'', with of meadow and of woodland within the manor of
Osbournby
Osbournby (locally pronounced ''Ozzenby'' or ''Ossenby'') is a small village and civil parish in the North Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, England. The population of the civil parish (including Spanby) at the 2011 census was 381.
It is locat ...
. Before the
Norman conquest of England
The Norman Conquest (or the Conquest) was the 11th-century invasion and occupation of England by an army made up of thousands of Normans, Norman, Duchy of Brittany, Breton, County of Flanders, Flemish, and Kingdom of France, French troops, ...
it was held by Aelfric, son of Godram, and after 1086, by Vitalis.
Particularly around the south of the village there are
earthwork signs of houses, crofts, quarries and
ridge and furrow
Ridge and furrow is an archaeological pattern of ridges (Medieval Latin: ''sliones'') and troughs created by a system of ploughing used in Europe during the Middle Ages, typical of the open-field system. It is also known as rig (or rigg) and fu ...
field systems from earlier medieval settlement. The village belonged to the historical
wapentake
A hundred is an administrative division that is geographically part of a larger region. It was formerly used in England, Wales, some parts of the United States, Denmark, Southern Schleswig, Sweden, Finland, Norway, the Bishopric of Ösel–Wiek, C ...
of
Winnibriggs and Threo.
In 1885 the township covered with a population in 1881 of 363. The parish, including Kelby and Culverthorpe has 447 inhabitants. There existed in Heydour from the 14th century
freestone quarries that provided the first stones for
Belton House.
[''Kelly's Directory of Lincolnshire with the port of Hull'' 1885, p. 471.]
''Kelly's Directory'' states: "In a field west of the church are traces of a large mansion or castle, supposed to have been built in reign of
Stephen
Stephen or Steven is a common English first name. It is particularly significant to Christians, as it belonged to Saint Stephen ( grc-gre, Στέφανος ), an early disciple and deacon who, according to the Book of Acts, was stoned to death; ...
by one of the Bussey family, who were seated here until about 1609."
[ The Busseys were major landowners and a branch of the same family as at Hougham. When the son of John Bussey (c. 1533–1593), Sir Edmund Bussey (1562–1616), took over the ]manor house
A manor house was historically the main residence of the lord of the manor. The house formed the administrative centre of a manor in the European feudal system; within its great hall were held the lord's manorial courts, communal meals w ...
, it was dilapidated and required rebuilding and its land reorganising. The castle or manor house was socially and physically integrated into the manor and parish of Heydour, unlike other areas of Lincolnshire. The existence of a castle is shown by remnants of masonry, foundations and ditch,Nikolaus Pevsner
Sir Nikolaus Bernhard Leon Pevsner (30 January 1902 – 18 August 1983) was a German-British art historian and architectural historian best known for his monumental 46-volume series of county-by-county guides, ''The Buildings of England'' (1 ...
; John Harris; ''The Buildings of England: Lincolnshire'', Penguin, 1964, pp. 570–572, revised by Nicholas Antram, Yale University Press, 1989 and form a listed monument.
The village had a school, which closed in 1983.
Community
The hamlet of Oasby has been classed as a conservation area, while dwellings in Heydour parish are listed by the local authority as "of interest".
The parish hamlets cooperate on events such as an annual art exhibition, a fête and scarecrow competition, and groups of Mummers
Mummers' plays are folk plays performed by troupes of amateur actors, traditionally all male, known as mummers or guisers (also by local names such as ''rhymers'', ''pace-eggers'', ''soulers'', ''tipteerers'', ''wrenboys'', and ''galoshins''). ...
, musicians and Morris dance
Morris dancing is a form of English folk dance. It is based on rhythmic stepping and the execution of choreographed figures by a group of dancers, usually wearing bell pads on their shins. Implements such as sticks, swords and handkerchiefs may ...
rs.[ An annual ]pantomime
Pantomime (; informally panto) is a type of musical comedy stage production designed for family entertainment. It was developed in England and is performed throughout the United Kingdom, Ireland and (to a lesser extent) in other English-speaking ...
is held in Aisby village hall. The parish church holds a carol concert on the Sunday before Christmas.[ The ''Houblon Arms'' at Oasby is the local pub-restaurant. The nearest shop/]post office
A post office is a public facility and a retailer that provides mail services, such as accepting letters and parcels, providing post office boxes, and selling postage stamps, packaging, and stationery. Post offices may offer additional serv ...
is in Wilsford, to the north.
Landmarks
Church
Heydour Grade I
In the United Kingdom, a listed building or listed structure is one that has been placed on one of the four statutory lists maintained by Historic England in England, Historic Environment Scotland in Scotland, in Wales, and the Northern Irel ...
listed Anglican
Anglicanism is a Western Christian tradition that has developed from the practices, liturgy, and identity of the Church of England following the English Reformation, in the context of the Protestant Reformation in Europe. It is one of th ...
parish church
A parish church (or parochial church) in Christianity is the church which acts as the religious centre of a parish. In many parts of the world, especially in rural areas, the parish church may play a significant role in community activities, ...
, is dedicated to St Michael
Michael (; he, מִיכָאֵל, lit=Who is like El od, translit=Mīḵāʾēl; el, Μιχαήλ, translit=Mikhaḗl; la, Michahel; ar, ميخائيل ، مِيكَالَ ، ميكائيل, translit=Mīkāʾīl, Mīkāl, Mīkhāʾīl), also ...
of All Angels. The church dates from the 12th century, with additions up to the 19th. There is a 12th-century canonical sundial
A tide dial, also known as a Mass or scratch dial, is a sundial marked with the canonical hours rather than or in addition to the standard hours of daylight. Such sundials were particularly common between the 7th and 14th centuries in Europe, at ...
on the south wall. The church has an Early English chancel
In church architecture, the chancel is the space around the altar, including the choir and the sanctuary (sometimes called the presbytery), at the liturgical east end of a traditional Christian church building. It may terminate in an apse.
Ove ...
with lancet window
A lancet window is a tall, narrow window with a pointed arch at its top. It acquired the "lancet" name from its resemblance to a lance. Instances of this architectural element are typical of Gothic church edifices of the earliest period. Lancet wi ...
s and a 17th-century north funerary
A funeral is a ceremony connected with the final disposition of a corpse, such as a burial or cremation, with the attendant observances. Funerary customs comprise the complex of beliefs and practices used by a culture to remember and respect ...
chapel
A chapel is a Christian place of prayer and worship that is usually relatively small. The term has several meanings. Firstly, smaller spaces inside a church that have their own altar are often called chapels; the Lady chapel is a common ty ...
, and a nave
The nave () is the central part of a church, stretching from the (normally western) main entrance or rear wall, to the transepts, or in a church without transepts, to the chancel. When a church contains side aisles, as in a basilica-type ...
with a Perpendicular
In elementary geometry, two geometric objects are perpendicular if they intersect at a right angle (90 degrees or π/2 radians). The condition of perpendicularity may be represented graphically using the ''perpendicular symbol'', ⟂. It can ...
clerestory
In architecture, a clerestory ( ; , also clearstory, clearstorey, or overstorey) is a high section of wall that contains windows above eye level. Its purpose is to admit light, fresh air, or both.
Historically, ''clerestory'' denoted an upper l ...
, including six tracery
Tracery is an architecture, architectural device by which windows (or screens, panels, and vaults) are divided into sections of various proportions by stone ''bars'' or ''ribs'' of Molding (decorative), moulding. Most commonly, it refers to the s ...
panelled windows. It has Decorated north and south aisles
Aisles is a six-piece progressive rock band originally from Santiago, Chile. The group was formed in 2001 by brothers Germán (guitar) and Luis Vergara (keyboards), and childhood friend Rodrigo Sepúlveda (guitar). Later on, it expanded to incl ...
with evidence at the roof line of earlier aisles, four arcades, a south porch
A porch (from Old French ''porche'', from Latin ''porticus'' "colonnade", from ''porta'' "passage") is a room or gallery located in front of an entrance of a building. A porch is placed in front of the facade of a building it commands, and form ...
, and a Decorated west tower
A tower is a tall Nonbuilding structure, structure, taller than it is wide, often by a significant factor. Towers are distinguished from guyed mast, masts by their lack of guy-wires and are therefore, along with tall buildings, self-supporting ...
with pinnacle
A pinnacle is an architectural element originally forming the cap or crown of a buttress or small turret, but afterwards used on parapets at the corners of towers and in many other situations. The pinnacle looks like a small spire. It was mainly ...
s, crenellations
A battlement in defensive architecture, such as that of city walls or castles, comprises a parapet (i.e., a defensive low wall between chest-height and head-height), in which gaps or indentations, which are often rectangular, occur at interv ...
, and a Perpendicular
In elementary geometry, two geometric objects are perpendicular if they intersect at a right angle (90 degrees or π/2 radians). The condition of perpendicularity may be represented graphically using the ''perpendicular symbol'', ⟂. It can ...
recessed spire.
The church was probably gifted by Geoffrey de Saxe, prebendary
A prebendary is a member of the Roman Catholic or Anglican clergy, a form of canon with a role in the administration of a cathedral or collegiate church. When attending services, prebendaries sit in particular seats, usually at the back of the ...
of Heydour from 1325 to 1380, to whom the chancel holds a tomb and a sedilia
In church architecture, sedilia (plural of Latin ''sedīle'', "seat") are seats, usually made of stone, found on the liturgical south side of an altar, often in the chancel, for use during Mass for the officiating priest and his assistants, the ...
.[Cox, J. Charles (1916) ''Lincolnshire'', Methuen & Co. Ltd, p. 162.] The post-1342 roof above the north aisle was built from donations by Lord Scrope of Masham (1312–1391).
A main feature is stained glass
Stained glass is coloured glass as a material or works created from it. Throughout its thousand-year history, the term has been applied almost exclusively to the windows of churches and other significant religious buildings. Although tradition ...
in the north aisle dating from about 1380. One window, showing figures of Edward the Confessor
Edward the Confessor ; la, Eduardus Confessor , ; ( 1003 – 5 January 1066) was one of the last Anglo-Saxon English kings. Usually considered the last king of the House of Wessex, he ruled from 1042 to 1066.
Edward was the son of Æth ...
, St George
Saint George (Greek language, Greek: Γεώργιος (Geórgios), Latin language, Latin: Georgius, Arabic language, Arabic: القديس جرجس; died 23 April 303), also George of Lydda, was a Christians, Christian who is venerated as a sa ...
and St Edmund, was erected from donations from Deacon Geoffrey Scrope and Beatrice Luttrell. Another window depicts St Vincent, St Laurence and St Stephen. A third is from the 19th century and by William Wailes
William Wailes (1808–1881) was the proprietor of one of England's largest and most prolific stained glass workshops.
Life and career
Wailes was born and grew up in Newcastle on Tyne, England's centre of domestic glass and bottle manufacturing. ...
. ''Pevsner'' notes windows from 1899 by Kempe in the east, north and south chancel.[ Further features are a priest's doorway with cinque-cusped head, octagonal ]font
In metal typesetting, a font is a particular size, weight and style of a typeface. Each font is a matched set of type, with a piece (a "sort") for each glyph. A typeface consists of a range of such fonts that shared an overall design.
In mod ...
, a chest from 1530 to 1550, an ornamental painting in the chancel, and chalice
A chalice (from Latin 'mug', borrowed from Ancient Greek () 'cup') or goblet is a footed cup intended to hold a drink. In religious practice, a chalice is often used for drinking during a ceremony or may carry a certain symbolic meaning.
Re ...
and flagon
A flagon () is a large leather, metal, glass, plastic or ceramic vessel, used for drink, whether this be water, ale, or another liquid. A flagon is typically of about in volume, and it has either a handle (when strictly it is a jug), or (more ...
by George Wickes from 1727.[
Inside there are monuments to the Newton family of ]Culverthorpe Hall
Culverthorpe Hall, Culverthorpe, Lincolnshire, England is an 18th-century country house. It is a Grade I listed building.
History
In the 17th century the estate at Culverthorpe was held by the Listers. In around 1679, it was bought by Sir John Ne ...
, including Abigail Newton, died 1686, as well as Sir John Newton, died 1734, and Margaret, Countess of Coningsby (Sir Michaels daughter-in-law), died 1761, both attributed to Rysbrack, Lady Newton, died 1737, and Sir Michael Newton, died 1746, both by Scheemakers.[ There is a marble slab to the last male Newton heir, who died on 14 January 1723. The infant son of Sir Michael Newton and Margaret, Countess of Coningsby, he was taken from his cradle in the absence of his nurse by a pet monkey, which was pursued onto the roof of Culverthorpe Hall. It dropped the child over a parapet and he was killed by the fall.][ Signatures on the church bells commemorate Sir Edmund Bussey and his son Miles Bussey (born 1590 or 1592). They include the arms of Sir Edmund and his wife Francis.
]
Other listed buildings
*The ''Houblon Arms'', Main Street, Oasby, is a pub dating from the 17th century.
*Church Lees Farmhouse (c. 1700 with 1800 additions) is possibly a former rectory, now a classic farmhouse, with a niche above the front door, in which is set a 14th-century stone figure of a young musician with cymbal
A cymbal is a common percussion instrument. Often used in pairs, cymbals consist of thin, normally round plates of various alloys. The majority of cymbals are of indefinite pitch, although small disc-shaped cymbals based on ancient designs soun ...
s, said to be from the castle, which stood west of the house.[
*Heydour House was formerly a rectory, built in 1857 to the plans of William White and in 1885 attached to the chapelries of Kelby and Culverthorpe.][
*Heydour Priory, Main Street, Heydour, is a late 16th-century ancestral home of the ]Dymoke
The Dymoke family of the Manor of Scrivelsby in the parish of Horncastle in Lincolnshire holds the feudal hereditary office of King's Champion. The functions of the Champion are to ride into Westminster Hall at the coronation banquet and challe ...
family.
*Oasby Mill is a tower mill
A tower mill is a type of vertical windmill consisting of a brick or stone tower, on which sits a wooden 'cap' or roof, which can rotate to bring the sails into the wind.Medieval science, technology, and medicine: an encyclopedia (2005), 520
Thi ...
built in 1810.
*Oasby Manor House is from the 17th-century.
*Oasby House is another 17th-century house.
*Manor House Farmhouse dates from about 1700.
*Folly Cottage is from the 17th-century.
References
External links
*
"Heydour"
Genuki GENUKI is a genealogy web portal, run as a charitable trust. It "provides a virtual reference library of genealogical information of particular relevance to the UK and Ireland". It gives access to a large collection of information, with the emphas ...
.org.uk. Retrieved 21 October 2011
Heydour Parish Council website
Parishes.lincolnshire.gov.uk. Retrieved 21 October 2011
{{authority control
Villages in Lincolnshire
Civil parishes in Lincolnshire
South Kesteven District