Heworth, York
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Heworth ( ) is part of the city of
York York is a cathedral city in North Yorkshire, England, with Roman Britain, Roman origins, sited at the confluence of the rivers River Ouse, Yorkshire, Ouse and River Foss, Foss. It has many historic buildings and other structures, such as a Yor ...
in
North Yorkshire North Yorkshire is a Ceremonial counties of England, ceremonial county in Northern England.The Unitary authorities of England, unitary authority areas of City of York, York and North Yorkshire (district), North Yorkshire are in Yorkshire and t ...
, England, about north-east of the centre. No longer in general referred to as a village, "Heworth Village" is now the name of a specific road. The name "Heworth" is
Anglo-Saxon The Anglo-Saxons, in some contexts simply called Saxons or the English, were a Cultural identity, cultural group who spoke Old English and inhabited much of what is now England and south-eastern Scotland in the Early Middle Ages. They traced t ...
and means a "high enclosure".


Location and demographics

Housing in Heworth varies from terraced houses along East Parade towards
Layerthorpe Layerthorpe is a part of the city of York in, North Yorkshire, England. It is outside York city walls, the city walls of York. The road through Layerthorpe from the bridge over the River Foss to Heworth is also shares the same name. Origin of ...
, through large Victorian villas on Heworth Green, to older houses in Heworth village and the 1830s Elmfield Villa, home to
Elmfield College Elmfield College, York (1864–1932), originally called Connexional College or Jubilee College (or School) in honour of the Primitive Methodist Silver Jubilee in 1860, was a Primitive Methodist college on the outskirts of Heworth, York, Englan ...
and 1930s semi-detached houses on Stockton Lane. Heworth has seen much modern suburban development, particularly in the outlying area of
Heworth Without Heworth Without is a civil parish and a ward in the City of York district, in the ceremonial county of North Yorkshire, England. Its boundary has changed over time. The ward is not coterminous with Heworth Without parish. While it consists today ...
. Heworth splits into two wards for the purposes of local elections—Heworth (including all land within the old city boundary) and Heworth Without (outside the old city boundary). Heworth Holme is a popular open space near Heworth village. The population of the Heworth Ward at the 2011 Census was 13,725.


Transport

A number of bus routes serve Heworth, these are operated by
First York First York operates local bus services, with a network centring around the cathedral city of York, North Yorkshire, England. It is a subsidiary of FirstGroup, which operates bus, rail and tram services across the United Kingdom and Ireland. His ...
, York & Country and East Yorkshire. It is roughly 1.5 miles from York station, which gives access to the UK national rail network.


History

Very little is known about the
prehistoric Prehistory, also called pre-literary history, is the period of human history between the first known use of stone tools by hominins  million years ago and the beginning of recorded history with the invention of writing systems. The use o ...
history of the Heworth area, some researchers believe the area was largely
bog A bog or bogland is a wetland that accumulates peat as a deposit of dead plant materials often mosses, typically sphagnum moss. It is one of the four main types of wetlands. Other names for bogs include mire, mosses, quagmire, and musk ...
gy land. The village is of
Roman Roman or Romans most often refers to: *Rome, the capital city of Italy *Ancient Rome, Roman civilization from 8th century BC to 5th century AD *Roman people, the people of Roman civilization *Epistle to the Romans, shortened to Romans, a letter w ...
origin and two Roman cremation
cemeteries A cemetery, burial ground, gravesite, graveyard, or a green space called a memorial park or memorial garden, is a place where the remains of many dead people are buried or otherwise entombed. The word ''cemetery'' (from Greek ) implies th ...
have been found in the area. Heworth Green, the road from York city centre to the village, is on the site of a
Roman road Roman roads ( ; singular: ; meaning "Roman way") were physical infrastructure vital to the maintenance and development of the Roman state, built from about 300 BC through the expansion and consolidation of the Roman Republic and the Roman Em ...
. During the early
Medieval In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted approximately from the 5th to the late 15th centuries, similarly to the post-classical period of World history (field), global history. It began with the fall of the West ...
period, contemporary burials took place in a similar area to the Roman ones; this was during the 5th and 6th centuries. However, evidence for settlement in Heworth during this period of time still remains minimal. The village appears as ''Heworde'' in the
Domesday Book Domesday Book ( ; the Middle English spelling of "Doomsday Book") is a manuscript record of the Great Survey of much of England and parts of Wales completed in 1086 at the behest of William the Conqueror. The manuscript was originally known by ...
of 1086, and as ''Hewud'' in 1219. Heworth was formerly a
township A township is a form of human settlement or administrative subdivision. Its exact definition varies among countries. Although the term is occasionally associated with an urban area, this tends to be an exception to the rule. In Australia, Canad ...
in the parishes of St Saviour,
St Cuthbert Cuthbert of Lindisfarne () ( – 20 March 687) was a saint of the early Northumbrian church in the Hiberno-Scottish mission, Celtic tradition. He was a monk, bishop and hermit, associated with the monastery, monasteries of Melrose Abbey#Histo ...
and St Olave-Marygate, in 1866 Heworth became a separate
civil parish In England, a civil parish is a type of administrative parish used for local government. It is a territorial designation which is the lowest tier of local government. Civil parishes can trace their origin to the ancient system of parishes, w ...
, in 1894 the parish was abolished and split, the part in the County Borough of York became Heworth Within and the
rural In general, a rural area or a countryside is a geographic area that is located outside towns and cities. Typical rural areas have a low population density and small settlements. Agricultural areas and areas with forestry are typically desc ...
part became
Heworth Without Heworth Without is a civil parish and a ward in the City of York district, in the ceremonial county of North Yorkshire, England. Its boundary has changed over time. The ward is not coterminous with Heworth Without parish. While it consists today ...
. In 1891 the parish had a population of 740. Until 1974 it was in the
North Riding of Yorkshire The North Riding of Yorkshire was a subdivision of Yorkshire, England, alongside York, the East Riding and West Riding. The riding's highest point was at Mickle Fell at . From the Restoration it was used as a lieutenancy area, having b ...
.


1453 Battle of Heworth Moor

On 24 August 1453, a skirmish took place and was the first meeting of the two families involved in the Percy-Neville feud, the feud which eventually helped provoke the
Wars of the Roses The Wars of the Roses, known at the time and in following centuries as the Civil Wars, were a series of armed confrontations, machinations, battles and campaigns fought over control of the English throne from 1455 to 1487. The conflict was fo ...
. Historians have described an attack on the Neville family's wedding party by Lord Egremont; numerous contemporaries regard it as the very first military action of the Wars of the Roses. The Neville family was returning to Sheriff Hutton castle following a wedding between Sir Thomas Neville and Maud Stanhope. Stanhope was the heiress and niece of Ralph de Cromwell. Cromwell had previously confiscated Percy strongholds such as Wressle and Bunwell after
Henry 'Hotspur' Percy Sir Henry Percy (20 May 1364 – 21 July 1403), nicknamed Hotspur or Harry Hotspur, was an English knight who fought in several campaigns against the Scots in the northern border and against the French during the Hundred Years' War. Th ...
's death in 1403; the thought of those properties one day being handed over to the Neville family angered Lord Egremont greatly. Egremont decided to ambush the Neville family's returning wedding party at Heworth Moor, along with 1,000 retainers from
York York is a cathedral city in North Yorkshire, England, with Roman Britain, Roman origins, sited at the confluence of the rivers River Ouse, Yorkshire, Ouse and River Foss, Foss. It has many historic buildings and other structures, such as a Yor ...
. The Neville family were said to have given a good account of themselves and defended themselves well in the skirmish.


1642 Meeting on Heworth Moor

During the summer of 1642 both the Parliamentary party and King Charles I negotiated with each other while preparing for war. When Charles endeavoured to raise a guard for his own person at
York York is a cathedral city in North Yorkshire, England, with Roman Britain, Roman origins, sited at the confluence of the rivers River Ouse, Yorkshire, Ouse and River Foss, Foss. It has many historic buildings and other structures, such as a Yor ...
, intending it, as the event afterwards proved, to form the nucleus of an army, Lord Fairfax was required by Parliament to present a petition to his sovereign, entreating Charles to hearken to the voice of his Parliament, and to discontinue the raising of troops. This was at a great meeting of the freeholders and farmers of
Yorkshire Yorkshire ( ) is an area of Northern England which was History of Yorkshire, historically a county. Despite no longer being used for administration, Yorkshire retains a strong regional identity. The county was named after its county town, the ...
convened by the king on Heworth Moor on 3 June near York. Charles evaded receiving the petition, pressing his horse forward, but
Thomas Fairfax Sir Thomas Fairfax (17 January 1612 – 12 November 1671) was an English army officer and politician who commanded the New Model Army from 1645 to 1650 during the English Civil War. Because of his dark hair, he was known as "Black Tom" to his l ...
followed him and placed the petition on the pommel of the king's saddle.


Local enclosures

The lands called Monk Ward Stray consist of 131 acres and 38
perch Perch is a common name for freshwater fish from the genus ''Perca'', which belongs to the family Percidae of the large order Perciformes. The name comes from , meaning the type species of this genus, the European perch (''P. fluviatilis'') ...
es of land, situate near York, and in the township of Heworth. Before the passing of an Enclosure Act 1817, the freemen of York, who were occupiers of houses within a division or ward of the city, called Monk Ward, were, together with certain other persons, entitled to common of pasture and right of stray or average, and had immemorially used and enjoyed the same, in and over a parcel of ground called Heworth Moor, of which G. A. Thweng, lord of the manor of Heworth, was then seised in fee; another piece of land, called Heworth Grange, of which the king was then seised in fee; and certain closes and other parcels of ground, called Hall Fields, of which E. Prest and others were then seised in fee.


Settlement

Construction of the Heworth Green Villas on Heworth Road began about 1817. Until the mid-19th century, the Lord of the Manor was the Reverend Robert William Bilton Hornby. The Ordnance Survey map of 1849, shows that Heworth was effectively a square of three parallel streets sandwiched between the then Scarborough Road and East Parade. On the outskirts of the village near
Monk Stray The Strays of York is a collective name for four areas of open land, comprising in all over , within the City of York. Their individual names are Bootham Stray, Micklegate Stray (which includes the Knavesmire and Hob Moor), Monk Stray and Walmg ...
was
Elmfield College Elmfield College, York (1864–1932), originally called Connexional College or Jubilee College (or School) in honour of the Primitive Methodist Silver Jubilee in 1860, was a Primitive Methodist college on the outskirts of Heworth, York, Englan ...
, a Primitive Methodist foundation which existed from 1864 to 1932, when it merged with Ashville College in
Harrogate Harrogate ( ) is a spa town and civil parish in the North Yorkshire District, district and North Yorkshire, county of North Yorkshire, England. Historic counties of England, Historically in the West Riding of Yorkshire, the town is a tourist de ...
. All that is left of the college now is numbers 1 and 9 Straylands Grove, next to Monk Stray, and staff housing along Elmfield Terrace and Willow Grove. The church of Holy Trinity (architect: George Fowler Jones) was added in 1869; outlying features included a Wesleyan Chapel, the manor house, a public house (''The Britannia''), a windmill, several potteries, Heworth Hall and Heworth House. At that time
Tang Hall Tang Hall is a suburban district of the city of York in North Yorkshire, England. The name is derived from the Anglo Saxon Tang, which means the meeting place of two becks (Osbaldwick and Tang Hall becks join in the nearby St Nicholas Fields Lo ...
was just that – a hall situated in parkland; since then it has developed into its own neighbourhood. Christ Church was built on Stockton Lane in 1964. Heworth became a
Conservation Area Protected areas or conservation areas are locations which receive protection because of their recognized natural or cultural values. Protected areas are those areas in which human presence or the exploitation of natural resources (e.g. firewoo ...
in 1975.


Notable people

* Mary Ward, an English
Roman Catholic The Catholic Church (), also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.27 to 1.41 billion baptized Catholics worldwide as of 2025. It is among the world's oldest and largest international institut ...
nun and founder of the
Sisters of Loreto The Institute of the Blessed Virgin Mary, whose members are commonly known as the Loreto Sisters, is a Roman Catholic religious congregation of women dedicated to education founded in Saint-Omer by an Englishwoman, Mary Ward (nun), Mary Ward, i ...
(also known as the Institute of the Blessed Virgin Mary) moved to the village in 1643 after a brief stint in Hutton Rudby (1642–3). During the dangers of the
English Civil War The English Civil War or Great Rebellion was a series of civil wars and political machinations between Cavaliers, Royalists and Roundhead, Parliamentarians in the Kingdom of England from 1642 to 1651. Part of the wider 1639 to 1653 Wars of th ...
she was forced to move within the York City Walls but moved back to Heworth in July 1644. Ill for some time, Ward died on 30 January 1645 (20 January 1645, Old Calendar) at the Manor House (see Heworth Manor below) which, under the aid of the Thwing sisters (Ellen, Anne and Catherine) would become one of the temporary seats of the order, prior to the establishment of the Bar Convent. She is buried in
Osbaldwick Osbaldwick ( ) is a village and civil parish in the unitary authority of the City of York in North Yorkshire, England. The population of the civil parish as taken at the 2011 census was 2,902. It has been in existence since at least the 11th cen ...
Churchard. * Barbara Ward (economist, writer and environmentalist who was interested in developing countries) was born here in 1914. She was awarded the title of
Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire The Most Excellent Order of the British Empire is a British order of chivalry, rewarding valuable service in a wide range of useful activities. It comprises five classes of awards across both civil and military divisions, the most senior two o ...
later in her life. *Dame
Judi Dench Dame Judith Olivia Dench (born 9 December 1934) is an English actress. Widely considered one of Britain's greatest actors, she is noted for her versatility, having appeared in films and television, as well as for her numerous roles on the stage ...
was born in Heworth Green. * Robert William Bilton Hornby, priest, antiquarian and Lord of the Manor of Heworth. * see also people associated with
Elmfield College Elmfield College, York (1864–1932), originally called Connexional College or Jubilee College (or School) in honour of the Primitive Methodist Silver Jubilee in 1860, was a Primitive Methodist college on the outskirts of Heworth, York, Englan ...
* Alan Leach (The drummer from the band
Shed Seven Shed Seven are an alternative rock band, formed in York in 1990. They were one of the groups which contributed to the Britpop music scene of the 1990s. They originally comprised singer Rick Witter, guitarist/keyboardist Joe Johnson, bassist To ...
) * Claudia Lawrence (born Malton, missing since March 2009), moved in Heworth in 2007


Notable buildings

* Heworth Manor (also called the Old Manor House or Heworth Hall), is said to have been located at what is now the corner of Heworth Village and Walney Road, it is now demolished. Occupied by the Catholic Recusant Thwenge/Thwing family during the time of Henry VIII, it was later sold to the family Agar. It was here that the Catholic priest
Anthony Page Anthony Page (born 21 September 1935 in Bangalore, Karnataka, India) is a British stage director, stage and film director. Biography When Page was 19, he went to Canada on a free passage with the Royal Canadian Air Force and hitchhiked to New Yo ...
(1563–1593) was found in a haystack and where the Catholic nun Mary Ward (1585–1645) is said to have died. Helen/Ellen Thwing (b.1636), nun, was in charge of the house and in 1678 it was purchased by Sir Thomas Gascoigne (Helen's uncle) "for my niece Ellen" when Sir George Thwenge (Helen's father) was forced to sell due to unrelated financial difficulties. A Catholic community thrived at the house and it was central to the happenings of the so-called "Barnbow Plot," the foundations of the Dolebank and Bar Convent and was a seat of Mary Ward's Institute of the Blessed Virgin Mary whose founding members, outside those of the family, had lived here as early as 1643. Helen's brother, the priest and martyr Thomas Thwing, chaplain at Carlton Hall, became chaplain at Heworth and was arrested here in 1679. It was a registered Papists' Estate and described thus: "William Thweng... the Mannour of Heworth ... a capital messge., with barn &c, two fronsteads and two gardens ..." During the 19th Century it was owned by the Hornby family, Anglicans. *The Cottage, No. 11 Stockton Lane, dates from and appears to be on Robert Cooper's map of 1832. It was called Belle Vue Cottage in 1834, when it was occupied by Mr. John Scott, in 1846, when it was occupied by Henry Janson, gent., and in 1850 (Directories; OS). It is a double-fronted cottage with rendered walls and a hipped roof and was extended . It has an enriched door-case of mid 18th-century date, brought from elsewhere. *The Manor House, No. 1 Stockton Lane, was formerly called the New Manor House (OS). It was built before 1830 when William Hornby Esq. (father of Robert Hornby) occupied it and it appears, with its name, on Robert Cooper's map of 1832. The house is partly of two, partly of three, storeys, above a high semi-basement and is of unusual, nearly cubical, shape. A bay window was added later in the 19th century. *Rose Villa, No. 32/34 Stockton Lane, was called Heworth Villa in 1850 (OS). It was built in the early 19th century and may be the house which appears on the site on Robert Cooper's map of 1832. It is a double-fronted house with later extensions. *The old
Elmfield College Elmfield College, York (1864–1932), originally called Connexional College or Jubilee College (or School) in honour of the Primitive Methodist Silver Jubilee in 1860, was a Primitive Methodist college on the outskirts of Heworth, York, Englan ...
(b. 1840s) still has one building standing (on Straylands Grove) *Heworth House in Melrosegate was built in 1865 as the old Heworth Rectory. It was designed by G. Fowler Jones and is representative of high Victorian Gothic architecture. *Holy Trinity Church, built in 1869. was designed by G. Fowler Jones, commissioned by the Reverend Jocelyn Willey of Camblesforth Hall, and his wife, Frances Carus-Wilson (later Lady Trevor Wheler).


Sport

Heworth has some history in the sports of
cricket Cricket is a Bat-and-ball games, bat-and-ball game played between two Sports team, teams of eleven players on a cricket field, field, at the centre of which is a cricket pitch, pitch with a wicket at each end, each comprising two Bail (cr ...
,
football Football is a family of team sports that involve, to varying degrees, kick (football), kicking a football (ball), ball to score a goal (sports), goal. Unqualified, football (word), the word ''football'' generally means the form of football t ...
,
rugby league Rugby league football, commonly known as rugby league in English-speaking countries and rugby 13/XIII in non-Anglophone Europe, is a contact sport, full-contact sport played by two teams of thirteen players on a rectangular Rugby league playin ...
and others. Heworth Cricket Club is said to have been founded in 1784 (in 2009 they celebrated their 225th anniversary). The football club was one of the earliest to play in the York area, and featured in the York Football League from 1898 onwards. They finished as runners-up of the top level during the 1908–09, 1909–10 and 1911–12 seasons. Elmpark Way in the village has hosted the York International 9s competition since 2002. It is an annual
rugby league nines Rugby league nines (or simply nines) is a version of rugby league football played with nine players on each side. The game is substantially the same as full rugby league, with some differences in rules and shorter games. Nines is usually played i ...
competition and in the past has featured clubs from England, France and Russia. It has been given a five-star rating by the
Rugby League European Federation The European Rugby League (ERL) (previously Rugby League European Federation (RLEF)) is the umbrella body for nations playing the sport of rugby league football across Europe. In the absence of other continental federations, ERL also controls ru ...
.


Notes


References

;Attribution * *


External links

{{authority control Villages and areas in the City of York Former civil parishes in North Yorkshire