''Heterophragma'' is a genus of two species of tree, constituting part of the plant family Bignoniaceae. The species are found in Southeast Asia and India.

Naming and classification

''Heterophragma'' is part of the Palaeotropical Clade of the Bignoniaceae, closely related to the following genera: ''

Catophractes ''Catophractes alexandri'', the only species in the genus ''Catophractes'', is a spiny shrub or small tree up to 3m tall, belonging to the family Bignoniaceae and occurring in the hot, low-rainfall regions of Namibia, the Northern Cape, Kalaha ...

'', ''

Dolichandrone ''Dolichandrone'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Bignoniaceae. Species * '' Dolichandrone alba'' (Sim) Sprague * '' Dolichandrone alternifolia'' (R.Br.) Seem. * '' Dolichandrone arcuata'' (Wight) C.B.Clarke * '' Dolichandrone at ...

'', '' Fernandoa'', '' Kigelia'', '' Markhamia'', '' Newbouldia'', ''

Radermachera ''Radermachera'' is a genus of about 17 species of flowering plants in the family Bignoniaceae, native to southeastern Asia. They are evergreen trees reaching 5–40 m tall, with bipinnate or tripinnate leaves, and panicles of large bell-shaped, ...

'', ''

Rhigozum ''Rhigozum'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Bignoniaceae. ''Rhigozum'' is a flowering shrub or small tree which is native to the drier areas of Africa. It can grow to 3 metres in height. This genus is characterised by branches whic ...

'', ''

Spathodea ''Spathodea'' is a genus in the plant family Bignoniaceae. The single species it contains, ''Spathodea campanulata'', is commonly known as the African tulip tree. The tree grows between tall and is native to tropical dry forests of Africa. It ha ...

'', and ''

Stereospermum ''Stereospermum'' is a genus of trees in the paleotropical clade of the family Bignoniaceae. A species of ''Stereospermum'' (S. chelonoides) is used in herbal medicine in Ayurveda as well as it is an integral part of the culture and tradition of ...

''; and to the Coleeae clade (which contains '' Colea'', '' Phyllarthron'', '' Phylloctenium'', and ''

Rhodocolea ''Rhodocolea'' is a genus of flowering plant Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (), commonly called angiosperms. The term "angiosperm" is derived from the Greek words ('container, vessel ...

''). The Coleeae clade species are found in Madagascar and surrounding islands, whereas the other genera are found in Asia, Africa and Madagascar. The influential Swiss botanist, Augustin Pyramus de Candolle (1778-1841) named the genus in 1845, in his publication '' Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis''. Heterophragma quadriloculare (2396003962)

Heterophragma quadriloculare (2396003962)

Description

The trees, which can grow up to 20m tall, have whorled/verticillate arrangement of leaves, which are in 3 or four pinnate pairs. Upper side of the leaves are hairy/possessing trichomes, which are star-shaped/stellate. Inflorescences/groups of flowers are in terminal

thyrses A thyrse is a type of inflorescence in which the main axis grows indeterminately, and the subaxes (branches) have determinate growth.{{cite book , author1=Hickey, M., author2=King, C. , year=2001 , title=The Cambridge Illustrated Glossary of Bot ...

(put simply, in a stalked arrangement at end of branches). Flowers are cream-white to pale yellow. Calyx are tubular and irregularly lobed. Corolla are tubular with unequal lobes, straight, cream-white to pale yellow in colour. The 4 stamen are shorter that the corolla, anthers are hairless, a single staminodium (infertile stamen structure) is adjacent to the stamens. Ovary is elliptical, lacks hairs and has many ovules per ovary chamber. Fruit are long cylindrical pods with woody valves. Calyx is not permanent on fruit. Seeds are broad and possess translucent wings.

Species

*'' Heterophragma quadriloculare'' *'' Heterophragma sulfureum'' The following former species have now been shifted to other taxa listed: *'' Heterophragma adenophyllum'' = ''

Fernandoa adenophylla ''Fernandoa adenophylla'', synonym ''Haplophragma adenophyllum'', is a species of flowering plant in the family Bignoniaceae that is native to the Andaman Islands, India (Assam and other states), Bangladesh, Myanmar, Cambodia, Laos, Peninsular M ...

'' *'' Heterophragma chelonoides'' = '' Stereospermum chelonoides'' *'' Heterophragma longipes'' = '' Fernandoa magnifica'' *'' Heterophragma macrolobum'' = '' Fernandoa macroloba'' *'' Heterophragma roxburghii'' = '' Heterophragma quadriloculare'' *'' Heterophragma suaveolens'' = '' Stereospermum chelonoides'' *'' Heterophragma vestitum'' = '' Heterophragma sulfureum''

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q150930 Bignoniaceae genera Taxa named by Augustin Pyramus de Candolle

Naming and classification

Description

Species

Further reading

References