Het Fortuyn ( en, The Fortune) is a tower mill in the Netherlands Open Air Museum, located in Arnhem,

Gelderland Gelderland (), also known as Guelders () in English, is a province of the Netherlands, occupying the centre-east of the country. With a total area of of which is water, it is the largest province of the Netherlands by land area, and second by ...

Netherlands ) , anthem = ( en, "William of Nassau") , image_map = , map_caption = , subdivision_type = Sovereign state , subdivision_name = Kingdom of the Netherlands , established_title = Before independence , established_date = Spanish Netherl ...

which was built in 1920 and is in working order.

History

Jan de Vos I - Gezicht op Delft vanaf de Vliet vanuit het noorden

''Het Fortuyn'' was originally built at

Delft Delft () is a List of cities in the Netherlands by province, city and Municipalities of the Netherlands, municipality in the Provinces of the Netherlands, province of South Holland, Netherlands. It is located between Rotterdam, to the southeast, ...

South Holland South Holland ( nl, Zuid-Holland ) is a province of the Netherlands with a population of over 3.7 million as of October 2021 and a population density of about , making it the country's most populous province and one of the world's most densely ...

in 1696. The first mill on that site was a

post mill The post mill is the earliest type of European windmill. Its defining feature is that the whole body of the mill that houses the machinery is mounted on a single vertical post, around which it can be turned to bring the sails into the wind. All p ...

built in 1551 and demolished during the

Eighty Years' War The Eighty Years' War or Dutch Revolt ( nl, Nederlandse Opstand) ( c.1566/1568–1648) was an armed conflict in the Habsburg Netherlands between disparate groups of rebels and the Spanish government. The causes of the war included the Refo ...

. Permission was granted in 1603 for a replacement mill to be erected. This was also a post mill, known as the ''Slikmolen''. It is shown in the painting ''Gezicht op Delft gezien vanuit het noorden'' by

Hendrik Cornelisz Vroom Hendrik Cornelisz Vroom (c.1562 – February 4, 1640 (buried)) was a Dutch Golden Age painter credited with being the founder of Dutch marine art or seascape painting.Museum Het Prinsenhof, Delft. ''Het Fortuyn'' was thus the third mill on this site. Circa 1800, the mill was still known as the ''Slikmolen'', gaining the name ''Het Fortuyn'' between 1807 and 1817. The mill drove four pairs of

millstones Millstones or mill stones are stones used in gristmills, for grinding wheat or other grains. They are sometimes referred to as grindstones or grinding stones. Millstones come in pairs: a convex stationary base known as the ''bedstone'' and ...

. In 1873, a pair of millstones for the production of

pearl barley Pearl barley, or pearled barley, is barley that has been processed to remove its fibrous outer hull and polished to remove some or all of the bran layer. It is the most common form of barley for human consumption because it cooks faster and i ...

was added. In the late 19th century the mill was owned by the Rossum family, and was also known as the ''Molen van Rossum''. In the early 20th century, the Frans-Hollandse Oliefabrieken Calvé and the Nederlandsche Gist- en Spiritusfabriek purchased the mill as they were expanding their oil mills. The mill was dismantled in 1917. It was re-erected at the Netherlands Open Air Museum, Arnhem in 1920. The mill's windshaft was broken during the dismantling of the mill. A new one was procured for use in the re-erected mill. The costs of demolishing and re-erecting the mill were shared between the oil mills and the Gemeente Arnhem. The mill was not restored to working order and its condition deteriorated over time. In 1975, it was restored so that it could turn in the wind. A pair of millstones were restored to working order at a later date. In 1990, the cement rendering was restored to the mill, covering the north, west and south of the tower, as it was when the mill stood in Delft. The mill was restored in 2011-12, with a new stage, cap and sails.

Description

''Het Fortuyn'' is what the Dutch describe as a "Ronde stellingmolen". It is a six-storey tower mill with a stage. The stage in above ground level. The cap is thatched. The mill is winded by tailpole and winch. The sails are

Common sails Common may refer to: Places * Common, a townland in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland * Boston Common, a central public park in Boston, Massachusetts * Cambridge Common, common land area in Cambridge, Massachusetts * Clapham Common, originally com ...

. They have a span of . The sails are carried on a cast-iron ''windshaft'', which was cast by the IJzergieterij De Prins van Oranje,

The Hague The Hague ( ; nl, Den Haag or ) is a city and municipality of the Netherlands, situated on the west coast facing the North Sea. The Hague is the country's administrative centre and its seat of government, and while the official capital of ...

. The ''windshaft'' also carries the ''brake wheel'' which has 92 teeth. This drives a ''lantern pinion wallower'', which has 35 staves, and is located at the top of the ''upright shaft'' At the bottom of the ''upright shaft'' is the ''great spur wheel'', which has 86 teeth. This drives five pairs of millstones via ''lantern pinion stone nuts''. which have 32 staves each, apart from that driving the pearl barley stones, which has 24 staves. Three pairs are diameter Cullen

millstone Millstones or mill stones are stones used in gristmills, for grinding wheat or other grains. They are sometimes referred to as grindstones or grinding stones. Millstones come in pairs: a convex stationary base known as the ''bedstone'' and ...

s, and one pair are Cullens.

Public access

''Het Fortuyn'' is open during museum opening hours.

References

External links

Openluchtmuseum webpage about the mill
{{Dutch Windmills Windmills in Gelderland Windmills completed in 1920 Tower mills in the Netherlands Grinding mills in the Netherlands Agricultural buildings in the Netherlands

History

Description

Public access

See also

References

External links