Herrman S. Saroni (February 1824 in Bernburg, Kingdom of Prussia – August 29, 1900 in Marietta, Ohio) was an American composer, author, and publisher.David Frances Urrows, ''Grove online'' The_Lovers_Leap_Galop

Biography

Saroni was born and educated in Germany, and referred to himself as a student of

Mendelssohn Jakob Ludwig Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy (3 February 18094 November 1847), born and widely known as Felix Mendelssohn, was a German composer, pianist, organist and conductor of the early Romantic music, Romantic period. Mendelssohn's compositi ...

. However, in a biography published during his lifetime, he was said to have studied under Friedrich Schneider. In 1844 he applied for naturalization in New York City, where he later edited ''Saroni's Musical Times'' between 1849 and 1851. He organized a successful series of chamber music recitals during those years, featuring performers such as

Theodore Eisfeld Theodore Eisfeld (April 11, 1816, Wolfenbüttel, Duchy of Brunswick – 16 September 1882, Wiesbaden) was a conductor, most notably of the New York Philharmonic Society, which became the New York Philharmonic. Biography Eisfeld's chief instructor ...

, Julia Northall, and

Otto Dresel Otto Dresel (December 20, 1826 – July 26, 1890) was an American pianist, music teacher and composer of German birth. Biography He studied with Moritz Hauptmann in Leipzig, and received guidance from Ferdinand Hiller and Felix Mendelssohn. Betwe ...

. Through critical writing and translating, he helped to spread German pedagogical approaches to American music education and appreciation. Despite the resulting "vogue of Mendelssohn in America", Saroni's influence remained obscure and only vaguely identifiable in its development for many years. After 1851 he moved to Georgia, where he founded the Columbus Symphony Orchestra (1855). He later lived in Alabama, but eventually settled in Marietta, Ohio, where he taught piano at Marietta College. He died there in 1900. His wife died the following year, on September 16, 1901. Her obituary mentions four granddaughters: three in Marietta (Mrs. W. B. Gaitree, Miss Small, and Miss Kittie Small) and a fourth in Knoxville, Tennessee. A “Brief Account of His Life and Work” in the August 30, 1900, ''Marietta Daily Leader'', mentioned that he “made and lost several large fortunes” in America, “but in his later years he was in comfortable circumstances.” “Those who knew him best, knew him as a kind-hearted, well-educated and refined man.”

Music

Saroni composed parlor songs in English. These songs "demonstrate a shift away from bel canto traditions towards a lied-influenced style in this genre." He also composed light piano pieces, two operettas, ''The Twin Sisters'' (1860) and ''Lily-Bell, the Culprit Fay'' (1868), and a ''Centennial Ode'' (1888).

Inventions

Saroni is well known for his music. The Library of Congress holds many of his works. Grace D. Yerbury ascribes an American school of music to him in her 1971 book ''America in Song: from Early Times to About 1850'' and David F. Urrows credits him with writing the first operetta in America in his 2008 article “Herrman S. Saroni and the first American Operetta” in the ''Bulletin of the Society of American Music''. However, Saroni’s many inventions went virtually unnoticed until Daniel A. Bellware detailed them in the 2018 article “The Musical and Mechanical Genius of Herrman S. Saroni” in ''Muscogiana'', the most complete biography of the musician/inventor to date. Many of Saroni’s inventions were related to the use of “petroleum vapors” or what is commonly called gasoline in place of heavier and more expensive coal. Starting just after the American Civil War, Saroni began dabbling in uses for that fuel. He went into business selling petroleum vapor stoves in the Augusta, Georgia in 1866. He converted a coal-powered steamboat to gasoline power and demonstrated it on the

Ohio River The Ohio River is a long river in the United States. It is located at the boundary of the Midwestern and Southern United States, flowing southwesterly from western Pennsylvania to its mouth on the Mississippi River at the southern tip of Illino ...

between Louisville and Cincinnati in 1867. Saroni lit the streets of

St. Paul, Minnesota Saint Paul (abbreviated St. Paul) is the capital of the U.S. state of Minnesota and the county seat of Ramsey County. Situated on high bluffs overlooking a bend in the Mississippi River, Saint Paul is a regional business hub and the center o ...

with petroleum vapor lights in 1878 and ran the first automobile through the streets of that city in 1879. He obtained at least seventeen patents between 1866 and 1892 in the United States and Canada. Most of the patents involved uses for gasoline but a few were musical.

Writings

*"The Power of Music''," Union Magazine of Literature and Art,'' July 1848 *''Saroni's Musical Times'', editor, 1849-1851 *''The Musical Vade Mecum'', 1852 *English translation of ''Theory and Practice of Musical Composition'' by Adolph Berhard Marx (1852)

Music

Larger works *''Centennial Ode'' (1888) *''Lily-Bell, the Culprit Fay'', operetta (John Church Co.), 1868 *''The Twin Sisters'', operetta (Oliver Ditson), 1860 Piano music *The Atlantic: Grande Valse Brilliante (Firth, Hall & Pond), 1847 *Autumn: Grand Waltz(Firth, Hall & Pond), 1847 *La Belle Georgianne: Grand Waltz (

Horace Waters Horace Waters was a 19th-century hymn publisher and frequent collaborator with Stephen Foster Stephen Collins Foster (July 4, 1826January 13, 1864), known also as "the father of American music", was an American composer known primarily for ...

), 1855 *Bohemian Grand March (John F. Nunns), c. 1845 *Comorn Grand March (Samuel C. Jollie), 1850 *The Ivy Green Waltz (Firth, Hall & Pond), 1844 *La Vivandiere: Grand Valse (Stayman & Bros.), 1851 *Mount's Quick Step: as performed by the New York brass band (Millet's Music Saloon), 1844 *North Carolina Grand March (William Venderbeek), 1846 *Twilight Waltz (F. W. Ratcliffe), 1851 *Un Souvenir, for the Piano. Op. 185 (Oliver Ditson), 1899 *Summer Blossom Polka (G. W. Brainard & Co.), 1851 *Vive la Republique (arr. of '' La Marseillaise'') (William Hall), 1848 *The Wild Brier Polka (G.W. Brainard), 1851 Vocal music *The Awakening of Italy (Italian text by G.F. Secchi di Casali) (William Hall), 1848 *Bingen on the Rhine (G. P. Reed), 1847 *Full Many Years Ago (text by Rev. Sidney Dyer) (G. W. Brainard & Co.), 1851 *The Gipsy in the North (Eugene Liés), (Firth, Hall, & Pond), 1846An online version of this song
/ref> *The Heart's Despair, 1848Mentioned in Yerbury, p. 250 *I Wandered in the Woodlands (William Hall), 1849 *Jingle, Jingle, Clear the Way (1844)Early song, mentioned in Yerbury, p. 250 *Let Me Perish in the Early Spring (1845) *Memory of the Past (J. L. Cummings), 1847 *Music From Afar (vocal duet) (Firth, Hall, & Pond), 1846 *My Cynosure (John F. Nunns), 1845 *O'er the Wildly Heaving Sea (Firth Hall & Pond), 1845 *Oh! my Heart is Weary Waiting (Summer Longings) (Edward L. Walker), 1849 *Our Childhood's Home (text by Henry John Sharpe) (William Hall), 1848 *The Pequote Brave (1844) *Slumber, Infant! Slumber (Duet for two sopranos) (John F. Nunns), 1845 *Speed Away: a song founded on a beautiful Indian superstition (Firth, Hall & Pond), 1847 *The Saw Mill (Die Säge Mühle) (William Hall), 1848 *They Tell Me Thou art Gay Once More! (P. K. Weizel), 1848 *Thou'rt Weeping Still (Peters, Webb & Co.), 1851 *Winter Flowers (1850)

Footnotes

References

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External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Saroni, Herrmann S. 1824 births 1900 deaths American male songwriters American male composers 19th-century American musicians 19th-century American male musicians Prussian emigrants to the United States Naturalized citizens of the United States People from Bernburg Marietta College faculty