Hermann Otto Theodor Paul (August 7, 1846,

Salbke Magdeburg (; nds, label=Low German, Low Saxon, Meideborg ) is the Capital city, capital and second-largest City, city of the Germany, German States of Germany, state Saxony-Anhalt. The city is situated at the Elbe river. Otto I, Holy Roman Em ...

– December 29, 1921,

Munich Munich ( ; german: München ; bar, Minga ) is the capital and most populous city of the States of Germany, German state of Bavaria. With a population of 1,558,395 inhabitants as of 31 July 2020, it is the List of cities in Germany by popu ...

) was a German

philologist Philology () is the study of language in oral and written historical sources; it is the intersection of textual criticism, literary criticism, history, and linguistics (with especially strong ties to etymology). Philology is also defined as th ...

linguist Linguistics is the scientific study of human language. It is called a scientific study because it entails a comprehensive, systematic, objective, and precise analysis of all aspects of language, particularly its nature and structure. Linguis ...

and

lexicographer Lexicography is the study of lexicons, and is divided into two separate academic disciplines. It is the art of compiling dictionaries. * Practical lexicography is the art or craft of compiling, writing and editing dictionaries. * Theoreti ...

Biography

He studied at

Berlin Berlin ( , ) is the capital and largest city of Germany by both area and population. Its 3.7 million inhabitants make it the European Union's most populous city, according to population within city limits. One of Germany's sixteen constitue ...

and

Leipzig Leipzig ( , ; Upper Saxon: ) is the most populous city in the German state of Saxony. Leipzig's population of 605,407 inhabitants (1.1 million in the larger urban zone) as of 2021 places the city as Germany's eighth most populous, as wel ...

, and in 1874 became professor of

German language German ( ) is a West Germanic languages, West Germanic language mainly spoken in Central Europe. It is the most widely spoken and Official language, official or co-official language in Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Liechtenstein, and the Ita ...

and

literature Literature is any collection of written work, but it is also used more narrowly for writings specifically considered to be an art form, especially prose fiction, drama, and poetry. In recent centuries, the definition has expanded to include ...

in the

University of Freiburg The University of Freiburg (colloquially german: Uni Freiburg), officially the Albert Ludwig University of Freiburg (german: Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg), is a public university, public research university located in Freiburg im Breisg ...

. In 1893 he was appointed professor of German

philology Philology () is the study of language in oral and writing, written historical sources; it is the intersection of textual criticism, literary criticism, history, and linguistics (with especially strong ties to etymology). Philology is also defin ...

at the

University of Munich The Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (simply University of Munich or LMU; german: Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München) is a public research university in Munich, Germany. It is Germany's List of universities in Germany, sixth-oldest u ...

. He was a prominent

Neogrammarian The Neogrammarians (German: ''Junggrammatiker'', 'young grammarians') were a German school of linguists, originally at the University of Leipzig, in the late 19th century who proposed the Neogrammarian hypothesis of the regularity of sound change ...

Works

His main work, ''Prinzipien der Sprachgeschichte'' (Halle: Max Niemeyer, 1st ed. 1880; 3d ed. 1898), has been translated into English: Paul, Hermann 1970. ''Principles of the History of Language'', translated from 2nd edition by H. A. Strong (1888; retranslated with changes by Strong, Logeman, and Wheeler in 1891). College Park: McGroth Publishing Company, . According to Paul, sentences are the sum of their parts. They arise sequentially from individual associations, linked together in a linear form (1886. See also, Blumenthal, 1970).

Wilhelm Wundt Wilhelm Maximilian Wundt (; ; 16 August 1832 – 31 August 1920) was a German physiologist, philosopher, and professor, known today as one of the fathers of modern psychology. Wundt, who distinguished psychology as a science from philosophy and ...

opposed this theory of sentences, arguing that they begin as a simultaneous thought that is converted into linear, sequential parts (1900). Other works: *''Gab es eine mittelhochdeutsche Schriftsprache?'' (“Was there a middle high German written language?,” 1873) *''Zur Lautverschiebung'' (“Vowel shifting,” 1874) *''Kritische Beiträge zu den Minnesingern'' (“Critical contributions on the

Minnesingers (; "love song") was a tradition of lyric- and song-writing in Germany and Austria that flourished in the Middle High German period. This period of medieval German literature began in the 12th century and continued into the 14th. People who w ...

,” 1876) *''Zur Nibelungenfrage'' (“On the

Nibelungen The term Nibelung (German) or Niflungr (Old Norse) is a personal or clan name with several competing and contradictory uses in Germanic heroic legend. It has an unclear etymology, but is often connected to the root ''nebel'', meaning mist. The te ...

question,” 1877) *''Mittelhochdeutsche Grammatik'' (“Middle high German grammar,” 1881; 25th edition, 2007) *''Grundriss der germanischen Philologie'', editor (“Outline of German philology,” 1891-93) *''Aufgabe und Methode der Geschichtswissenschaften'' (“Function and method of sciences of history,” 1920, E-Book: Berlin 2014, After 1874 Paul and

Wilhelm Braune Theodor Wilhelm Braune (20 February 1850 in Großthiemig, Province of Saxony – 10 November 1926 in Heidelberg) was a German philologist and Germanist. Biography In 1869 Braune entered the University of Leipzig, where he was approved as an instru ...

edited the ''

Beiträge zur Geschichte der deutschen Sprache und Literatur The ''Beiträge zur Geschichte der deutschen Sprache und Literatur'' (English: ''Contributions to the History of the German Language and Literature'') is a German academic journal publishing articles on German language and literature. The particula ...

'' (“Contributions to the history of the German language and its literature”).

Disambiguation

This Hermann Paul is not to be confused with * Herman Daniel Paul (1827–1885), who emigrated from Germany to Finland, where he worked as a language teacher and music reviewer. He published a translation of the Finnish national epic

Kalevala The ''Kalevala'' ( fi, Kalevala, ) is a 19th-century work of epic poetry compiled by Elias Lönnrot from Karelian and Finnish oral folklore and mythology, telling an epic story about the Creation of the Earth, describing the controversies and r ...

in 1885 (G. W. Edlund's publishing house, Helsingfors). nor with *

Hermann Paul Hermann Otto Theodor Paul (August 7, 1846, Salbke – December 29, 1921, Munich) was a German philologist, linguist and lexicographer. Biography He studied at Berlin and Leipzig, and in 1874 became professor of German language and literatu ...

(1902–1944), who was a Hungarian musician.

References

External links

*
''Principles of the History of Language''
English translation of the second edition by

Herbert Strong Herbert Augustus Strong (24 November 1841 – 13 January 1918) was an Australian scholar, professor of comparative philology and logic at the University of Melbourne. G. R. Manton,Strong, Herbert Augustus (1841 - 1918), ''Australian Dictionary o ...

Prinzipien der Sprachgeschichte
German original of Hermann Paul's main book ''Principles of the History of Language''
A partial French translation of Hermann Paul's main book
''Principles of the History of Language'' {{DEFAULTSORT:Paul, Hermann 1846 births 1921 deaths German lexicographers Linguists from Germany Historical linguists Germanic studies scholars Humboldt University of Berlin alumni Leipzig University alumni Linguists of Germanic languages Academic staff of the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich Academic staff of the University of Freiburg German male non-fiction writers Members of the Royal Society of Sciences in Uppsala