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Herbert Schwarzwälder (14 October 1919 – 11 September 2011) was a German historian. With his decades of work and his extensive publications, he has had a major influence on the research and communication of the .
''Professor Dr. phil. Herbert Schwarzwälder'' , url=http://www-user.uni-bremen.de/~bremhist/Schwarzw.html
/ref> In ''Ein Streifzug durch Bremens Geschichte'', Online-Geschichtsprojekt auf www.-user.uni-bremen.de; retrieved 25 November 2020. From 1948, he studied history, German, English and political science at the Philipps University of Marburg. In 1953, he passed his first
Since 1953, Schwarzwälder's research focused on the history of the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen. He gave many lectures and published numerous publications on the contemporary and cultural history of Bremen and Northwest Germany as well as the Hanseatic League. In 1975 and 1985 his four-volume work on the ''History of the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen'' appeared, which has since become the standard work''Bremen historian Schwarzwälder dead.'' In Weser-Kurier dated 14 September 2011, . about the history of Bremen. After his retirement in 1988, he continued his research and publication work. In 2001, he published under the title '' Das Große Bremen-Lexikon'' the first coherent reference work on interesting and enigmatic things about and in the city-state of Bremen, which was described as "a treasure trove on the past and present of Bremen and ''Ganz Bremen in einem Lexikon. Four years of hard work have resulted in around 830 pages of Bremen''
On '' and now also is considered a standard work.
Schwarzwälder died in Bremen at the age of 91.
online
. * Adolf E. Hofmeister: "Prof. Dr. Herbert Schwarzwälder (14.10.1919–11.9.2011)." In ''Historische Gesellschaft Bremen.'' Vol. 90 (2011), .
''Bürgermeister Böhrnsen zum Tod von Professor Herbert Schwarzwälder''
Nachruf des Senators für Kultur der Freien Hansestadt Bremen 13 September 2011 {{DEFAULTSORT:Schwarzwalder, Herbert 20th-century German historians Academic staff of the University of Bremen 1919 births 2011 deaths Writers from Bremen (city) Reich Labour Service members German Army personnel of World War II German prisoners of war in World War II held by France German prisoners of war in World War II held by the United States German prisoners of war in World War II held by the United Kingdom
Life
Schwarzwälder was born inBremen
Bremen (Low German also: ''Breem'' or ''Bräm''), officially the City Municipality of Bremen (, ), is the capital of the States of Germany, German state of the Bremen (state), Free Hanseatic City of Bremen (), a two-city-state consisting of the c ...
. His younger brother was the Heimatforscher (1929–2019). He attended the grammar school and graduated in 1938 with his Abitur
''Abitur'' (), often shortened colloquially to ''Abi'', is a qualification granted at the end of secondary education in Germany. It is conferred on students who pass their final exams at the end of ISCED 3, usually after twelve or thirteen year ...
. He was then called up for Reichsarbeitsdienst
The Reich Labour Service (''Reichsarbeitsdienst''; RAD) was a major paramilitary organization established in Nazi Germany as an agency to help mitigate the effects of unemployment on the Economy of Nazi Germany, German economy, militarise the wo ...
, then for military service with an air force and the anti-aircraft artillery. During the Second World War, he was first deployed in the Homeland Security, later in a technical department in the Soviet Union and in the West. Schwarzwälder had to spend several years as prisoner of war in camps in France, the US and England. In 1947, he was able to return to Bremen.Günter Garbrecht''Professor Dr. phil. Herbert Schwarzwälder'' , url=http://www-user.uni-bremen.de/~bremhist/Schwarzw.html
/ref> In ''Ein Streifzug durch Bremens Geschichte'', Online-Geschichtsprojekt auf www.-user.uni-bremen.de; retrieved 25 November 2020. From 1948, he studied history, German, English and political science at the Philipps University of Marburg. In 1953, he passed his first
Staatsexamen
The ("state examination" or "exam by state"; pl.: ''Staatsexamina'') is a German government licensing examination that future physicians, dentists, physical therapists, teachers, research librarians, archivists, pharmacists, food chemists, psyc ...
and obtained his doctorate
A doctorate (from Latin ''doctor'', meaning "teacher") or doctoral degree is a postgraduate academic degree awarded by universities and some other educational institutions, derived from the ancient formalism '' licentia docendi'' ("licence to teach ...
in Marburg
Marburg (; ) is a college town, university town in the States of Germany, German federal state () of Hesse, capital of the Marburg-Biedenkopf Districts of Germany, district (). The town area spreads along the valley of the river Lahn and has ...
with the historical work ''Entstehung und Anfänge der Stadt Bremen''. After his and the Second Staatsexamen, he worked from 1955 as Assessor and Studienrat Studienrat (abbreviated StR) is an official title/rank of higher teachers in the German and Austrian education system. Even though the German and Austrian education systems use the same term, there are differences in the level and usage of this rank ...
at the in the Bremen . In 1960, he was appointed Professor
Professor (commonly abbreviated as Prof.) is an Academy, academic rank at university, universities and other tertiary education, post-secondary education and research institutions in most countries. Literally, ''professor'' derives from Latin ...
of History at the then , which was incorporated into the newly founded University of Bremen
The University of Bremen () is a public university in Bremen, Germany, with approximately 18,400 students from 117 countries. Its 12 faculties offer more than 100 degree programs.
The University of Bremen has been among the top 50 European rese ...
in 1971. Until 1988, Schwarzwälder taught there as a full university professor with the following main subjects: , Nazism
Nazism (), formally named National Socialism (NS; , ), is the far-right totalitarian socio-political ideology and practices associated with Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party (NSDAP) in Germany. During Hitler's rise to power, it was fre ...
era and the Hanseatic League
The Hanseatic League was a Middle Ages, medieval commercial and defensive network of merchant guilds and market towns in Central Europe, Central and Northern Europe, Northern Europe. Growing from a few Northern Germany, North German towns in the ...
.
Since 1953, Schwarzwälder's research focused on the history of the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen. He gave many lectures and published numerous publications on the contemporary and cultural history of Bremen and Northwest Germany as well as the Hanseatic League. In 1975 and 1985 his four-volume work on the ''History of the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen'' appeared, which has since become the standard work''Bremen historian Schwarzwälder dead.'' In Weser-Kurier dated 14 September 2011, . about the history of Bremen. After his retirement in 1988, he continued his research and publication work. In 2001, he published under the title '' Das Große Bremen-Lexikon'' the first coherent reference work on interesting and enigmatic things about and in the city-state of Bremen, which was described as "a treasure trove on the past and present of Bremen and Bremerhaven
Bremerhaven (; ) is a city on the east bank of the Weser estuary in northern Germany. It forms an exclave of the Bremen (state), city-state of Bremen. The Geeste (river), River Geeste flows through the city before emptying into the Weser.
Brem ...
s"On ''
Welt Online
(, ) is a German national daily newspaper, published as a broadsheet by Axel Springer SE.
is the flagship newspaper of the Axel Springer publishing group and it is considered a newspaper of record in Germany. Its leading competitors are the ...
'' dated 28 November 2001; retrieved 25 November 2020.Publications
* ''Entstehung und Anfänge der Stadt Bremen.'' Carl Schünemann Verlag, Bremen 1955. * ''Reise in Bremens Vergangenheit.'' Carl Schünemann Verlag, Bremen 1965. * ''Die Machtergreifung der NSDAP in Bremen 1933.'' Carl Schünemann Verlag, Bremen 1966. * ''Bremen und Nordwestdeutschland am Kriegsende 1945 (part I).'' Carl Schünemann Verlag, Bremen 1972, . * ''Bremen und Nordwestdeutschland am Kriegsende 1945 (part II).'' Carl Schünemann Verlag, Bremen 1973, . * ''Bremen im Wandel der Zeiten – Die Neustadt und ihre Vororte.'' Carl Schünemann Verlag, Bremen 1973, . * ''Bremen und Nordwestdeutschland am Kriegsende 1945 (part III).'' Carl Schünemann Verlag, Bremen 1974, . * ''Das Ende an der Unterweser 1945. Bremerhaven (Wesermünde) und Umgebung am Kriegsende.'' Stadtarchiv Bremerhaven, Bremerhaven 1974. * ''Bremerhaven und seine Vorgängergemeinden / Ansichten, Pläne, Landkarten 1575 bis 1890.'' Stadtarchiv Bremerhaven, Bremerhaven 1977. * with : ''Deutschland Album nach alten Ansichtskarten.'' Flechsig Verlag, Frankfurt 1980, . * ''Postkartenalbum Oberneuland, Horn / Lehe, Schwachhausen, Parkviertel, Bürgerpark.'' Carl Schünemann Verlag, Bremen 1981, . * ''Berühmte Bremer.'' Paul List Verlag, Munich 1972, . * ''Bremen im Wandel der Zeiten – Die Altstadt.'' Carl Schünemann Verlag, Bremen 1985, . * ''Blick auf Bremen. Ansichten, Vogelschauen vom 16.–19. Jahrhundert, Stadtpläne.'' Carl Schünemann Verlag, Bremen 1985, . * ''Ansichten der Freien Hansestadt Bremen und ihrer Umgebungen.'' Carl Schünemann Verlag, Bremen 1985, . * ''Reisen und Reisende in Nordwestdeutschland, Vol. 1 (bis 1620).'' Lax Verlag, Hildesheim 1987, . * ''Bremer Sehenswürdigkeiten einst und jetzt.'' Carl Schünemann Verlag, Bremen 1990, . * ''Gruß aus Bremen. Ansichtskarten um die Jahrhundertwende.'' Flechsig Verlag, Frankfurt 1992, . * ''Reise in Bremens Vergangenheit. Stationen und Bilder einer 1200-jährigen Geschichte.'' Carl Schünemann Verlag, Bremen 1993, . * ''Bremer Geschichte.'' Döll-Verlag, Bremen 1993, . * ''Bremen – Ein verlorenes Stadtbild.'' Wartberg-Verlag, Gudensberg-Gleichen 1994, . * ''Geschichte der Freien Hansestadt Bremen in fünf Bänden.'' Erweiterte und verbesserte Auflage. , Bremen 1995, . ** ''Vol. 1: Von den Anfängen bis zur Franzosenzeit (1810).'' ** ''Vol. 2: Von der Franzosenzeit bis zum Ersten Weltkrieg (1810–1918).'' ** ''Vol. 3: Bremen in der Weimarer Republik (1918–1933).'' ** ''Vol. 4: Bremen in der NS-Zeit (1933–1945).'' ** ''Vol. 5: Bibliographie und Register.'' * ''Gruß aus Bremen. Die Altstadt auf frühen Ansichtskarten''. Edition Temmen, Bremen 1998, . * '' Das Große Bremen-Lexikon''. Edition Temmen, Bremen 2003, . ** ''Vol. 1: A–K.'' 2., aktualisierte, überarbeitete und erweiterte Auflage. 2003. ** ''Vol. 2: L–Z.'' 2., aktualisierte, überarbeitete und erweiterte Auflage. 2003. ** ''Ergänzungs-Band. A–Z.'' 1st edition. 2008, . * ''Bremen in alten Reisebeschreibungen.'' Edition Temmen, Bremen 2006, .Further reading
* ''Herbert Schwarzwälder. Eine besondere Festschrift zum 90. Geburtstag.'' Edition Temmen, Bremen 2009, . * Sylvelin Wissmann: "Herbert Schwarzwälder zum 90. Geburtstag." In ''Bremisches Jahrbuch.'' Vol. 88 (2009),online
. * Adolf E. Hofmeister: "Prof. Dr. Herbert Schwarzwälder (14.10.1919–11.9.2011)." In ''Historische Gesellschaft Bremen.'' Vol. 90 (2011), .
References
External links
* * Leerer Eintrag: "Keine Biografie vorhanden."''Bürgermeister Böhrnsen zum Tod von Professor Herbert Schwarzwälder''
Nachruf des Senators für Kultur der Freien Hansestadt Bremen 13 September 2011 {{DEFAULTSORT:Schwarzwalder, Herbert 20th-century German historians Academic staff of the University of Bremen 1919 births 2011 deaths Writers from Bremen (city) Reich Labour Service members German Army personnel of World War II German prisoners of war in World War II held by France German prisoners of war in World War II held by the United States German prisoners of war in World War II held by the United Kingdom