Heqanefer (also Hekanefer) was an ancient Egyptian official in the

New Kingdom New is an adjective referring to something recently made, discovered, or created. New or NEW may refer to: Music * New, singer of K-pop group The Boyz Albums and EPs * ''New'' (album), by Paul McCartney, 2013 * ''New'' (EP), by Regurgitator, ...

under king

Tutankhamun Tutankhamun (, egy, twt-ꜥnḫ-jmn), Egyptological pronunciation Tutankhamen () (), sometimes referred to as King Tut, was an Egyptian pharaoh who was the last of his royal family to rule during the end of the Eighteenth Dynasty (ruled ...

, who was a local governor with the title ''Chief of Miam'' (''wr n miam''). In the

, Egyptian kings had conquered Lower Nubia. To secure control over the new region they appointed people of the local elite as governors. Miam (modern

Aniba ''Aniba'' is an American neotropical flowering plant genus in the family Lauraceae. They are present in low and mountain cloud forest in Caribbean islands, Central America, and northern to central South America. Description They are shrubs o ...

) was a town in Lower Nubia, a regional center and capital of the Nubian provinces. Here also resided the ''Chief of Miam''. Heqanefer is known from his badly preserved rock cut tomb found at

Toshka {{coord, 22.494795, N, 28.579559, E, display=title The New Valley Project or Toshka Project consists of building a system of canals to carry water from Lake Nasser to irrigate part of the sandy wastes of the Western Desert of Egypt, which i ...

. Here he is depicted as Egyptian. Heqanefer is also depicted in the tomb

Viceroy of Kush The former Kingdom of Kerma in Nubia, was a province of ancient Egypt from the 16th century BCE to eleventh century BCE. During this period, the polity was ruled by a viceroy who reported directly to the Egyptian Pharaoh. It is believed that the ...

Amenhotep called Huy Amenhotep called Huy was Viceroy of Kush under Tutankhamen. He was the successor of Tuthmosis, who served under Akhenaten. He would later be succeeded by Paser I. Huy was the son of a lady named Werner. His father is not known. Huy was married ...

(

TT40 The Theban Tomb TT40 is located in Qurnet Murai, part of the Theban Necropolis, on the west bank of the Nile, opposite to Luxor. It is the burial place of the ancient Egyptian Viceroy of Kush named Amenhotep called Huy, who lived during the en ...

). Here he appears in a Nubian delegation and is shown fully as dark skinned Nubian in Nubian costume. The viceroy of Kush was evidently the highest official in the Nubian provinces, while Heqanefer was in the hierarchy under him. Other Nubian officials are shown in the tomb too, but Heqanefer is the only one named, providing evidence that he was of special importance. The two totally different appearances of Heqanefer at home and in Egypt caused some discussion in Egyptology about local identities in Nubia. most recent: Stuart Smith: ''Hekanefer and the Lower Nubian Princes: Entanglement, Double Identity or Topos and Mimesis?'' In H. Amstutz, A. Dorn, M. Müller, M. Ronsdorf, S. Uljas (editors) ''Fuzzy Boundaries Festschrift für Antonio Loprieno'', Widmaier Verlag ∙ Hamburg 2015, {{ISBN, 978-3-943955-60-6, pp. 767-779

References

History of Nubia Officials of the Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt