Henry Pelham Fiennes Pelham-Clinton, 5th Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne, (22 May 181118 October 1864), styled Earl of Lincoln before 1851, was a British politician.
Background
Newcastle was the son of
Henry Pelham-Clinton, 4th Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne, by his wife Georgina Elizabeth, daughter of Edward Miller-Mundy. He was educated at
Eton and
Christ Church, Oxford
Christ Church ( la, Ædes Christi, the temple or house, '' ædēs'', of Christ, and thus sometimes known as "The House") is a constituent college of the University of Oxford in England. Founded in 1546 by King Henry VIII, the college is uniqu ...
, where he took his B.A. degree in 1832, and was created a D.C.L. in 1863.
Political career
Newcastle was returned to Parliament for
South Nottinghamshire
South Nottinghamshire, formally the "Southern Division of Nottinghamshire" was a county constituency represented in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It elected two Member of Pa ...
in 1832, a seat he held until 1846, and then represented
Falkirk Burghs until 1851, when he succeeded his father in the dukedom. Initially a
Tory, he served under
Sir Robert Peel as
First Commissioner of Woods and Forests from 1841 to 1846 and as
Chief Secretary for Ireland
The Chief Secretary for Ireland was a key political office in the British administration in Ireland. Nominally subordinate to the Lord Lieutenant, and officially the "Chief Secretary to the Lord Lieutenant", from the early 19th century un ...
in 1846, as the effects of the
Great Irish Famine
The Great Famine ( ga, an Gorta Mór ), also known within Ireland as the Great Hunger or simply the Famine and outside Ireland as the Irish Potato Famine, was a period of starvation and disease in Ireland from 1845 to 1852 that constituted a ...
began to take hold. He was admitted to the
British Privy Council in 1841, and to the
Irish Privy Council
His or Her Majesty's Privy Council in Ireland, commonly called the Privy Council of Ireland, Irish Privy Council, or in earlier centuries the Irish Council, was the institution within the Dublin Castle administration which exercised formal executi ...
on 14 February 1846.
Newcastle joined the
Peelite
The Peelites were a breakaway dissident political faction of the British Conservative Party from 1846 to 1859. Initially led by Robert Peel, the former Prime Minister and Conservative Party leader in 1846, the Peelites supported free trade whilst ...
s in 1846, and held office in
Lord Aberdeen's coalition government as
Secretary of State for War and the Colonies between 1852 and 1854, and as
Secretary of State for War
The Secretary of State for War, commonly called War Secretary, was a secretary of state in the Government of the United Kingdom, which existed from 1794 to 1801 and from 1854 to 1964. The Secretary of State for War headed the War Office and ...
and
Secretary at War between 12 June 1854 and 1 February 1855, when he resigned over the
Crimean War.
From 18 June 1859 to April 1864, he served as
Secretary of State for the Colonies
The secretary of state for the colonies or colonial secretary was the Cabinet of the United Kingdom, British Cabinet government minister, minister in charge of managing the United Kingdom's various British Empire, colonial dependencies.
Histor ...
in
Lord Palmerston's Liberal administration. In 1860, while holding this office, he went to Canada and the United States, in company with the
Prince of Wales. Apart from his political career he also held the honorary posts of
Lord Lieutenant of Nottinghamshire
This is a list of people who have served as Lord Lieutenant of Nottinghamshire. Since 1694, all Lords Lieutenant have also been Custos Rotulorum of Nottinghamshire.
* Henry Manners, 2nd Earl of Rutland 1552–1563?
* Edward Manners, 3rd Earl o ...
from 1857 to 1864 and
Lord Warden of the Stannaries from 1862 to 1864. He was made a
Knight of the Garter on 17 December 1860.
Lord Lincoln was a member of the
Canterbury Association from 27 March 1848. Upon succeeding to the dukedom, he joined the association's management committee on 29 January 1851.
In 1849, the chief surveyor of the Canterbury Association,
Joseph Thomas, named the future town of
Lincoln in New Zealand after him. The
town's university was in turn also named after Lord Lincoln.
Family
Newcastle married
Lady Susan Hamilton (9 June 181428 November 1889), daughter of
Alexander Hamilton, 10th Duke of Hamilton
Alexander Hamilton, 10th Duke of Hamilton, 7th Duke of Brandon KG PC FRS FSA (3 October 1767 – 18 August 1852) was a Scottish politician and art collector.
Life
Born on 3 October 1767 at St. James's Square, London, a son of Archibald H ...
, on 27 November 1832. They had five children:
*
Henry Pelham-Clinton, 6th Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne (25 January 183422 February 1879), who married Henrietta Adela Hope (11 April 18438 May 1913) on 11 February 1861 and had five children.
*
Lord Edward William Pelham-Clinton (11 August 18369 July 1907), who married Matilda Jane Cradock-Hartopp (died 23 October 1892) on 22 August 1865.
*
Lady Susan Charlotte Catherine Pelham-Clinton (7 April 18396 September 1875), who married
Lord Adolphus Vane-Tempest (2 July 182511 June 1864) on 23 April 1860. She was a mistress of
Edward VII when he was Prince of Wales.
*
Lord Arthur Pelham-Clinton (23 June 184018 June 1870) who died, possibly by suicide, after being charged in the
Boulton and Park case.
[Robert Aldrich, Garry Wotherspoon, "Who's who in gay and lesbian history: from antiquity to World War II", Routledge, 2001, , p.66]
*Lord Albert Sidney Pelham-Clinton (22 December 18451 March 1884), who married Mrs Frances Evelyn Stotherd on 17 November 1870; they were divorced in 1877.
The marriage was unhappy and the Duke and Duchess were divorced in 1850, after a considerable scandal in which the Duchess eloped with
Horatio Walpole, Lord Walpole, and had an illegitimate child by him. Newcastle died in October 1864, aged 53, and was succeeded in the dukedom by his eldest son, Henry.
His papers are now held at
Manuscripts and Special Collections, The University of Nottingham.
See also
*
Clinton, British Columbia
*
Clinton, South Australia
Clinton (also known as Port Clinton) is a locality in the Australian state of South Australia located on the east coast of Yorke Peninsula overlooking the north west head of Gulf St Vincent about west of the state capital of Adelaide and ab ...
References
Attribution:
External links
*
Biography of the 5th Duke, with links to online catalogues, from Manuscripts and Special Collections at The University of Nottingham*
*
Pictures of the Duke of Newcastle at the National Portrait Gallery*
*
{{DEFAULTSORT:Newcastle, Henry Pelham-Clinton, 5th Duke of
1811 births
1864 deaths
19th-century English nobility
People educated at Eton College
British Secretaries of State
005
''005'' is a 1981 arcade game by Sega. They advertised it as the first of their RasterScan Convert-a-Game series, designed so that it could be changed into another game in minutes "at a substantial savings". It is one of the first examples of a ...
Henry
English Anglicans
Knights of the Garter
Lord-Lieutenants of Nottinghamshire
Lincoln, Henry Pelham-Clinton, Earl of
Lincoln, Henry Pelham-Clinton, Earl of
Lincoln, Henry Pelham-Clinton, Earl of
Lincoln, Henry Pelham-Clinton, Earl of
Lincoln, Henry Pelham-Clinton, Earl of
Lincoln, Henry Pelham-Clinton, Earl of
Lincoln, Henry Pelham-Clinton, Earl of
UK MPs who inherited peerages
Members of the Privy Council of Ireland
Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom
Henry
Members of the Canterbury Association
Chief Secretaries for Ireland
Secretaries of State for the Colonies
Presidents of the Oxford Union