Henry Gough-Calthorpe, 1st Baron Calthorpe (1 January 1749 – 16 March 1798), known until 1796 as Sir Henry Gough, 2nd Baronet, was a British politician who sat in the

House of Commons The House of Commons is the name for the elected lower house of the bicameral parliaments of the United Kingdom and Canada. In both of these countries, the Commons holds much more legislative power than the nominally upper house of parliament. ...

from 1774 to 1796 when he was raised to the

peerage A peerage is a legal system historically comprising various hereditary titles (and sometimes non-hereditary titles) in a number of countries, and composed of assorted noble ranks. Peerages include: Australia * Australian peers Belgium * Belgi ...

Early life

Gough was the son of

Sir Henry Gough, 1st Baronet Sir Henry Gough, 1st Baronet (1709–1774), also known as Sir Harry Gough, of Edgbaston Hall, Warwickshire, was a British merchant and politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1732 to 1741. Early life Gough was the son of Sir Richard Goug ...

, by his first wife Barbara Calthorpe, the only daughter of

Reynolds Calthorpe Reynolds Calthorpe of Elvetham in Hampshire (12 August 1655 in Ampton – 1719) was a Whig Member of Parliament for Hindon. He was the third and youngest son of Sir James Calthorpe (died 1658) and Dorothy Reynolds, second daughter of Sir James ...

Hampshire Hampshire (, ; abbreviated to Hants) is a ceremonial county, ceremonial and non-metropolitan county, non-metropolitan counties of England, county in western South East England on the coast of the English Channel. Home to two major English citi ...

.''A Genealogical and Heraldic Dictionary of the Peerage and Baronetage of the British Empire'' (Henry Colburn, 1839), p. 163. On 8 June 1774 he succeeded to his father's

title A title is one or more words used before or after a person's name, in certain contexts. It may signify either generation, an official position, or a professional or academic qualification. In some languages, titles may be inserted between the f ...

and estates.

Political career

In the 1774 general election, Gough was returned as the

Member of Parliament A member of parliament (MP) is the representative in parliament of the people who live in their electoral district. In many countries with bicameral parliaments, this term refers only to members of the lower house since upper house members of ...

for

Bramber Bramber is a former manor, village and civil parish in the Horsham District of West Sussex, England. It has a ruined mediaeval castle which was the ''caput'' of a large feudal barony. Bramber is located on the northern edge of the South Downs ...

, a

rotten borough A rotten or pocket borough, also known as a nomination borough or proprietorial borough, was a parliamentary borough or constituency in England, Great Britain, or the United Kingdom before the Reform Act 1832, which had a very small electorat ...

controlled by his family. He was returned again in

1780 Events January–March * January 16 – American Revolutionary War – Battle of Cape St. Vincent: British Admiral Sir George Rodney defeats a Spanish fleet. * February 19 – The legislature of New York votes to allow ...

and 1784. He took the additional surname of Calthorpe by royal licence in 1788 on succeeding to the estates of his maternal uncle, Sir Henry Calthorpe.''Cracroft's Peerage: The Complete Guide to the British Peerage & Baronetage'' (Calthorpe, Baron (GB, 1796 - 1997)) http://www.cracroftspeerage.co.uk/calthorpe1796.htm (Accessed 15 February 2015). He was returned again for Bramber in 1790. On 16 June 1796, he was created Baron Calthorpe, of Calthorpe in the

County of Norfolk Norfolk () is a ceremonial and non-metropolitan county in East Anglia in England. It borders Lincolnshire to the north-west, Cambridgeshire to the west and south-west, and Suffolk to the south. Its northern and eastern boundaries are the Nort ...

, in the

Peerage of Great Britain The Peerage of Great Britain comprises all extant peerages created in the Kingdom of Great Britain between the Acts of Union 1707 and the Acts of Union 1800. It replaced the Peerage of England and the Peerage of Scotland, but was itself r ...

, and gave up his seat in the House of Commons.

Family

On 1 May 1783, Gough-Calthorpe married Frances Carpenter, the second daughter and co-heiress of General Benjamin Carpenter. They had eight children: *Henry Gough-Calthorpe (24 January 1784 – 4 November 1790, predeceasing his father) *Hon. Charles Gough-Calthorpe, later 2nd Baron Calthorpe (1786–1807) *Hon. George Gough-Calthorpe, later 3rd Baron Calthorpe (1787–1851) *Hon. Frederick Gough-Calthorpe later Frederick Gough, 4th Baron Calthorpe (1790–1868) *Hon. John Gough-Calthorpe (5 May 1793 – 10 June 1816) *Hon. Arthur Gough-Calthorpe (14 November 1796 – 5 March 1836) *Hon. Frances Elizabeth Gough-Calthorpe (c. 1785 – 2 September 1868) *Hon. Harriet Gough-Calthorpe (died 12 February 1813) The first baron was succeeded in the baronetcy, his eldest son having predeceased him, by his next three sons in turn. The widowed Lady Calthorpe took up residence in

Grosvenor Square Grosvenor Square is a large garden square in the Mayfair district of London. It is the centrepiece of the Mayfair property of the Duke of Westminster, and takes its name from the duke's surname "Grosvenor". It was developed for fashionable re ...

. She died on 1 May 1827, while visiting

Brighton Brighton () is a seaside resort and one of the two main areas of the City of Brighton and Hove in the county of East Sussex, England. It is located south of London. Archaeological evidence of settlement in the area dates back to the Bronze A ...

Arms

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Calthorpe, Henry Gough-Calthorpe, 1st Baron 1749 births 1798 deaths Peers of Great Britain created by George III British MPs 1774–1780 British MPs 1780–1784 British MPs 1784–1790 British MPs 1790–1796 Gough-Calthorpe family 1