Henry Carroll was an American brigadier general of the

American Civil War The American Civil War (April 12, 1861 – May 26, 1865; also known by other names) was a civil war in the United States. It was fought between the Union ("the North") and the Confederacy ("the South"), the latter formed by states th ...

and the

Spanish–American War , partof = the Philippine Revolution, the decolonization of the Americas, and the Cuban War of Independence , image = Collage infobox for Spanish-American War.jpg , image_size = 300px , caption = (clock ...

. He was known for commanding the 1st Brigade of the Cavalry Division during the Battle of San Juan Hill but was wounded during the battle and had to be succeeded by Brigadier General

Samuel S. Sumner Samuel Storrow Sumner (1842–1937) was a United States Army general during the Spanish–American War, Boxer Rebellion, and Philippine–American War. Early life Sumner was born in Carlisle Barracks, Pennsylvania on February 6, 1842. Samuel's ...

Early military career

Carroll was born at

Copenhagen, New York Copenhagen is a village in Lewis County, New York, United States. The village is situated between Watertown and Lowville. The population was 631 at the 2020 census. The village is named after Copenhagen, the capital of Denmark. Copenhagen is in ...

on May 20, 1836, but moved to

Minnesota Minnesota () is a state in the upper midwestern region of the United States. It is the 12th largest U.S. state in area and the 22nd most populous, with over 5.75 million residents. Minnesota is home to western prairies, now given over to ...

on 1858. He enlisted as a private at Light Battery E of the 3rd Artillery Regiment on January 13, 1859, at

Fort Ridgely Fort Ridgely was a frontier United States Army outpost from 1851 to 1867, built 1853–1854 in Minnesota Territory. The Sioux called it Esa Tonka. It was located overlooking the Minnesota river southwest of Fairfax, Minnesota. Half of the ...

. He was promoted to corporal, sergeant, first sergeant as of July 1, 1861. He took part in a campaign against the Sioux in the summer of 1859 within Dakota.

American Civil War

Upon the outbreak of the

, he was part of the forces that occupied

Alexandria, Virginia Alexandria is an independent city (United States), independent city in the northern region of the Commonwealth (U.S. state), Commonwealth of Virginia, United States. It lies on the western bank of the Potomac River approximately south of Downto ...

and subsequently participated in the battles of

Blackburn's Ford Blackburn's Ford was the crossing of Bull Run by Centreville Road between Manassas and Centreville, Virginia, in the United States. It was named after the original owner of the Yorkshire Plantation (McLean's Farm), Col. Richard Blackburn, forme ...

and 1st Bull Run. He then participated in the Battle of Port Royal and was at

Fernandina Beach Fernandina may refer to: *Fernandina Beach, Florida **Original Town of Fernandina Historic Site *Fernandina Island, Galapagos Islands *Fernandina (fruit), a citrus ''Citrus'' is a genus of flowering trees and shrubs in the rue family, Rutaceae ...

and

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in March 1862. He later returned to South Carolina at Johns Island and James Island and took part in the Battle of Secessionville. Carroll later took part in the capture of

Morris Island Morris Island is an 840-acre (3.4 km²) uninhabited island in Charleston Harbor in South Carolina, accessible only by boat. The island lies in the outer reaches of the harbor and was thus a strategic location in the American Civil War. The ...

as well as taking part of the

First Battle of Fort Wagner The First Battle of Fort Wagner was fought on July 10 and 11, 1863, on Morris Island in Charleston harbor during the American Civil War. An attempt by the Union Army to capture Fort Wagner was repulsed. The more famous Second Battle of Fort Wa ...

and the Second Battle of Fort Sumter, being presented a medal for his services in Forts Wagner, Gregg and Sumter on August 23, 1863, but was wounded the same day. Despite being discharged on January 13, 1864, Carroll re-enlisted in Light Battery G of the 3rd Artillery Regiment at

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on February 3, 1864. He was later assigned to the

IX Corps 9 Corps, 9th Corps, Ninth Corps, or IX Corps may refer to: France * 9th Army Corps (France) * IX Corps (Grande Armée), a unit of the Imperial French Army during the Napoleonic Wars Germany * IX Corps (German Empire), a unit of the Imperial German ...

and participated in the

Battle of the Wilderness The Battle of the Wilderness was fought on May 5–7, 1864, during the American Civil War. It was the first battle of Lieutenant General Ulysses S. Grant's 1864 Virginia Overland Campaign against General Robert E. Lee and the Confederate Arm ...

until being transferred to the 3rd Cavalry Regiment as a second lieutenant on May 18. He was stationed at

Little Rock, Arkansas (The Little Rock, The "Little Rock") , government_type = council-manager government, Council-manager , leader_title = List of mayors of Little Rock, Arkansas, Mayor , leader_name = Frank Scott Jr. , leader_ ...

and made active patrols on the area to counter any potential Confederate cavalry movements. He was then made quartermaster of the 2nd Cavalry Brigade and later the depot quartermaster at Duval's Bluff, Arkansas from June to November 1865.

Service in the frontier

After being promoted to first lieutenant on April 14, 1866, he began travelling to Fort Union via the

Indian Territory The Indian Territory and the Indian Territories are terms that generally described an evolving land area set aside by the Federal government of the United States, United States Government for the relocation of Native Americans in the United St ...

from May to August 1866. He later served at Fort Stevens and

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and on January 22, 1867, he was promoted to captain of the 9th Cavalry Regiment at

Fort Stockton, Texas Fort Stockton is a city in and the county seat of Pecos County, Texas, United States. It is located on Interstate 10 in Texas, Interstate 10, future Interstate 14, U.S. Highways U.S. Route 67 (Texas), 67, U.S. Route 285 (Texas), 285, and U.S. R ...

. Carroll spent a majority of his service at Texas with two exceptions with his recruiting service at St. Louis and

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from January 1873 to October 1874. While in Texas, Carroll's service consisted of scouting for Native Americans, stock-thieves or murderers. He also served in negotiations with the

Comanche The Comanche or Nʉmʉnʉʉ ( com, Nʉmʉnʉʉ, "the people") are a Native American tribe from the Southern Plains of the present-day United States. Comanche people today belong to the federally recognized Comanche Nation, headquartered in La ...

and the

Kiowa Kiowa () people are a Native American tribe and an indigenous people of the Great Plains of the United States. They migrated southward from western Montana into the Rocky Mountains in Colorado in the 17th and 18th centuries,Pritzker 326 and eve ...

tribes on September 1869 and enforced reconstruction policies at Marion County, Texas from January to February 1870. He was later sent to

Austin Austin is the capital city of the U.S. state of Texas, as well as the seat and largest city of Travis County, with portions extending into Hays and Williamson counties. Incorporated on December 27, 1839, it is the 11th-most-populous city ...

in November 1869 to participated in an affair at the

Brazos River The Brazos River ( , ), called the ''Río de los Brazos de Dios'' (translated as "The River of the Arms of God") by early Spanish explorers, is the 11th-longest river in the United States at from its headwater source at the head of Blackwater Dr ...

. He was later placed back in

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in 1876 and participated in a conflict with the

Apache The Apache () are a group of culturally related Native American tribes in the Southwestern United States, which include the Chiricahua, Jicarilla, Lipan, Mescalero, Mimbreño, Ndendahe (Bedonkohe or Mogollon and Nednhi or Carrizaleño an ...

within the Florida Mountains on September 13, 1876, the

Mescalero Mescalero or Mescalero Apache ( apm, Naa'dahéńdé) is an Apache tribe of Southern Athabaskan–speaking Native Americans. The tribe is federally recognized as the Mescalero Apache Tribe of the Mescalero Apache Reservation, located in south-cen ...

within the Sacramento Mountains on July 22, 1878, the Apaches again within the San Andreas Mountains on February 3, 1880, and participated in Victorio's War until Carroll was wounded on April 6, 1880. While he was recovering, Carroll was suggested for a brevet promotion to lieutenant colonel but after becoming sick, Carroll was recovering until March 1881 when he began scouting for the Ute Mountain Ute Tribe in

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and

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for the rest of the year as he was primarily stationed in Fort Lewis. He then partook in a conflict against the

Chiricahua Chiricahua ( ) is a band of Apache Native Americans. Based in the Southern Plains and Southwestern United States, the Chiricahua (Tsokanende ) are related to other Apache groups: Ndendahe (Mogollon, Carrizaleño), Tchihende (Mimbreño), Sehende ...

at the

Dragoon Mountains The Dragoon Mountains are a range of mountains located in Cochise County, Arizona. The range is about 25 mi (40 km) long, running on an axis extending south-south east through Willcox. The name originates from the 3rd U.S. Cavalry Drag ...

on October 4, 1881. Afterwards, he was transferred to the Indian Territory and later to

Nebraska Nebraska () is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States. It is bordered by South Dakota to the north; Iowa to the east and Missouri to the southeast, both across the Missouri River; Kansas to the south; Colorado to the southwe ...

in 1885 and was promoted to major of the 1st Cavalry Regiment on June 3. He also took part in the Ghost Dance War from November 24, 1890, to February 5, 1891.

Spanish–American War and retirement

On May 23, 1896, Carroll was promoted to lieutenant colonel of the 6th Cavalry Regiment and by the time the

broke out, he was given command of the 1st Brigade of the

V Corps 5th Corps, Fifth Corps, or V Corps may refer to: France * 5th Army Corps (France) * V Cavalry Corps (Grande Armée), a cavalry unit of the Imperial French Army during the Napoleonic Wars * V Corps (Grande Armée), a unit of the Imperial French Army ...

. During the Battle of San Juan Hill, Caroll commanded both the 1st Brigade and the 6th Cavalry Regiment but was wounded during the battle after leading a charge and had to be succeeded by Brigadier General

and Major Thomas C. Lebo respectively. Following the war, he was promoted to colonel of the 7th Cavalry Regiment on March 29, 1899, but retired by May 6. Despite his retirement, he was promoted to brigadier general on April 23, 1904.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Carroll, Henry 1836 births 1908 deaths People from Lewis County, New York Military personnel from New York (state) Military personnel from Minnesota United States Army colonels United States Army generals Union Army officers People of New York (state) in the American Civil War People of Minnesota in the American Civil War United States Army personnel of the Indian Wars American military personnel of the Spanish–American War