GarterPlateHenryBourchier 1stEarlOfEssex

Henry Bourchier, 5th Baron Bourchier, 2nd Count of Eu, 1st Viscount Bourchier, 1st Earl of Essex, KG ( – 4 April 1483), was the eldest son of

William Bourchier, 1st Count of Eu William Bourchier, 1st Count of Eu (137428 May 1420), was an English knight created by King Henry V 1st Count of Eu, in Normandy. Origins He was born in 1374, the son of Sir William Bourchier (d.1375), (the younger son of Robert Bourchier, 1st ...

, and Anne of Gloucester. On his mother's side, he was a great-grandson of

Edward III of England Edward III (13 November 1312 – 21 June 1377), also known as Edward of Windsor before his accession, was King of England and Lord of Ireland from January 1327 until his death in 1377. He is noted for his military success and for restoring ...

Titles

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He inherited the title of 5th Baron Bourchier from his cousin

Elizabeth Bourchier, 4th Baroness Bourchier Elizabeth Bourchier, 4th Baroness Bourchier (c.1399–1432) was an English noblewoman and landowner. She was the daughter of Bartholomew Bourchier, 3rd Baron Bourchier. She married twice, and both husbands acquired the title of Baron Bourchie ...

on her death in 1433. He became the 1st Viscount Bourchier in 1446, a

Knight A knight is a person granted an honorary title of knighthood by a head of state (including the Pope) or representative for service to the monarch, the church or the country, especially in a military capacity. Knighthood finds origins in the Gr ...

of the Order of the Garter in 1452, and was created 1st

Earl of Essex Earl of Essex is a title in the Peerage of England which was first created in the 12th century by King Stephen of England. The title has been recreated eight times from its original inception, beginning with a new first Earl upon each new cre ...

in 1461.

Career

He saw considerable military action in France and for his services was created Viscount Bourchier during the parliament of 1445–6, and elected

Knight of the Garter The Most Noble Order of the Garter is an order of chivalry founded by Edward III of England in 1348. It is the most senior order of knighthood in the British honours system, outranked in precedence only by the Victoria Cross and the George ...

on his third nomination in 1452. He later saw action in 1461 as a Yorkist supporter at the

Second Battle of St Albans The Second Battle of St Albans was fought on 17 February 1461 during the Wars of the Roses in England. It took place at St Albans in Hertfordshire, the first battle having been fought in 1455. The army of the Yorkist faction under the Earl of W ...

and the

Battle of Towton The Battle of Towton took place on 29 March 1461 during the Wars of the Roses, near Towton in North Yorkshire, and "has the dubious distinction of being probably the largest and bloodiest battle on English soil". Fought for ten hours between ...

, soon after which Edward IV created him Earl of Essex. He held the post of

Lord High Treasurer The post of Lord High Treasurer or Lord Treasurer was an English government position and has been a British government position since the Acts of Union of 1707. A holder of the post would be the third-highest-ranked Great Officer of State in ...

from 29 May 1455 - 5 October 1456, 28 July 1460 - 14 April 1462, and 22 April 1471 - 4 April 1483. He also became Justice in Eyre south of the Trent in 1461, holding that title until his death. Bourchier's tenure as Lord High Treasurer occurred during the

Great Bullion Famine The Great Bullion Famine was a shortage of precious metals that struck Europe in the 15th century, with the worst years of the famine lasting from 1457 to 1464. During the Middle Ages, gold and silver coins saw widespread use as currency in Eur ...

and the Great Slump in England. He died on 4 April 1483 and was buried at

Beeleigh Abbey Beeleigh Abbey near Maldon in Essex, England, was a monastery constructed in 1180 for the Order of Canons Regular of Prémontré, as known as the Norbertines or Premonstratensians. The order linked the change of the separate life of monks in t ...

, although his tomb was subsequently moved to Little Easton church.

Marriage and issue

Prior to 1426, he married Isabel of Cambridge, a great-granddaughter

Edward III Edward III (13 November 1312 – 21 June 1377), also known as Edward of Windsor before his accession, was King of England and Lord of Ireland from January 1327 until his death in 1377. He is noted for his military success and for restoring r ...

. She was the elder sister of Richard Plantagenet, which made her the aunt of Richard's sons, the future kings Edward IV and Richard III. Henry and Isabel were parents to at least eleven children. *

William Bourchier, Viscount Bourchier Henry Bourchier, 5th Baron Bourchier, 2nd Count of Eu, 1st Viscount Bourchier, 1st Earl of Essex, KG ( – 4 April 1483), was the eldest son of William Bourchier, 1st Count of Eu, and Anne of Gloucester. On his mother's side, he was a g ...

(d. 1480). Married

Anne Woodville Anne Woodville, Viscountess Bourchier (c. 1438 – 30 July 1489) was an English noblewoman. She was a younger sister of Queen Consort Elizabeth Woodville to whom she served as a lady-in-waiting. Anne was married twice; first to William Bour ...

, daughter of

Richard Woodville, 1st Earl Rivers Richard Woodville, 1st Earl Rivers (1405 – 12 August 1469), also Wydeville, was the father of Elizabeth Woodville and father-in-law of Edward IV. Early life Born at Maidstone in Kent, Richard Woodville was the son of Richard Wydeville ( ...

and

Jacquetta of Luxembourg Jacquetta of Luxembourg, Dowager Duchess of Bedford and Countess Rivers (1415 or 1416 – 30 May 1472) was a prominent, though often overlooked, figure in the Wars of the Roses. Through her short-lived first marriage to the Duke of Bedford, bro ...

. They were parents of

Henry Bourchier, 2nd Earl of Essex Henry may refer to: People *Henry (given name) * Henry (surname) * Henry Lau, Canadian singer and musician who performs under the mononym Henry Royalty * Portuguese royalty ** King-Cardinal Henry, King of Portugal ** Henry, Count of Portugal, ...

and Cicely Bourchier, wife of

John Devereux, 9th Baron Ferrers of Chartley John is a common English name and surname: * John (given name) * John (surname) John may also refer to: New Testament Works * Gospel of John, a title often shortened to John * First Epistle of John, often shortened to 1 John * Second E ...

.Alison Weir, ''Britain's Royal Family: A Complete Genealogy'' (London, U.K.: The Bodley Head, 1999), page 111. *Henry Bourchier (d. 1462). Married Elizabeth de Scales, Baroness Scales. No known children. *

Humphrey Bourchier, 1st and last Lord Bourchier of Cromwell Humphrey is both a masculine given name and a surname. An earlier form, not attested since Medieval times, was Hunfrid. Notable people with the name include: People with the given name Medieval period :''Ordered chronologically'' *Hunfrid of P ...

(d. 14 April 1471). Killed in the

Battle of Barnet The Battle of Barnet was a decisive engagement in the Wars of the Roses, a dynastic conflict of 15th-century England. The military action, along with the subsequent Battle of Tewkesbury, secured the throne for Edward IV. On Sunday 14 April ...

. * John Bourchier (d. 1495). Married first Elizabeth Ferrers and secondly Elizabeth Chichele. No known children. *Edward Bourchier (d. 30 December 1460). Killed in the Battle of Wakefield. *Thomas Bourchier (d. 1492). Married Isabella Barre. No known children. *Florence Bourchier (d. 1525). *Fulk Bourchier. Considered to have died young. *Hugh Bourchier. Considered to have died young. *Isabella Bourchier. Considered to have died young. * Laura Bourchier (1440- ) married John Courtenay (killed at Tewkesbury, 1471) On his death, she did not remarry and died more than a year later.

References

Bibliography

External links

''Luminarium Dictionary: Henry Bourchier, Earl of Essex (d.1483)''

Ancestry

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bourchier, Henry 1st Earl Of Essex Essex, Bourchier Henry 1st earl Essex, Bourchier Henry 1st earl 15th-century English people 01 05 Essex, Bourchier Henry 1st earl Essex, Bourchier Henry 1st earl Essex, Bourchier Henry 1st earl

Henry Bourchier, 1st Earl of Essex Henry Bourchier, 5th Baron Bourchier, 2nd Count of Eu, 1st Viscount Bourchier, 1st Earl of Essex, KG ( – 4 April 1483), was the eldest son of William Bourchier, 1st Count of Eu, and Anne of Gloucester. On his mother's side, he was a gr ...