Victor Alexandre Henri Chaput (17 November 1857,
Tonnerre – 1919) was a French surgeon who specialized in intestinal surgery.
Biography
He studied medicine in
Paris
Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. S ...
, where he received his doctorate in 1885. In 1888 he became a hospital surgeon, subsequently performing surgery at the Hôpitaux Broussais, Boucicaut, and
Lariboisièr during his career.
[Henri Victor Chaput]
at Who Named It
He was at the forefront of surgical
asepsis, advocating the use of sterile rubber (
caoutchouc) gloves during operations. He was known for his preference of
lumbar anaesthetics (using
stovaine) instead of
general anaesthesia
General anaesthesia (UK) or general anesthesia (US) is a medically induced loss of consciousness that renders the patient unarousable even with painful stimuli. This effect is achieved by administering either intravenous or inhalational general ...
for most surgical operations.
Medical terms
* Chaput's method: Surgical implantation of the ureter into the intestine
The gastrointestinal tract (GI tract, digestive tract, alimentary canal) is the tract or passageway of the digestive system that leads from the mouth to the anus. The GI tract contains all the major organs of the digestive system, in humans ...
.
* Tillaux-Chaput fracture: A fracture of the posterolateral tibial epiphysis. Prior to Chaput's description, Paul Jules Tillaux
Paul Jules Tillaux (8 December 1834 – 20 October 1904) was a French physician who was a native of Aunay-sur-Odon, département Calvados.
Tillaux was a surgeon and professor of surgery in Paris, and in 1879 became a member of the ''Académie de ...
described a similar fracture involving the anteriolateral tibia (1892).
Written works
In 1898 he published a collection of Octave Terrillon's works titled "''Oeuvres''" (2 volumes). Other written efforts by Chaput include:
* ''Étude expérimentale et clinique sur le mécanisme des fractures de la rotule'', 1888 – Experimental and clinical study on fractures of the kneecap mechanism.
* ''Technique et indications des opérations sur l'intestin, l'estomac et les voies biliaires'', 1893 – Techniques and indications of operations involving the intestine, stomach and bile ducts
A bile duct is any of a number of long tube-like structures that carry bile, and is present in most vertebrates.
Bile is required for the digestion of food and is secreted by the liver into passages that carry bile toward the hepatic duct. It ...
.
* ''De l'Abouchement des uretères dans l'intestin'', 1894 – Anastomosis of the ureters into the intestine.
* ''Thérapeutique chirurgicale des affections de l'intestin, du rectum et péritoine'', 1896 – Surgical therapy for disorders of the intestine, rectum
The rectum is the final straight portion of the large intestine in humans and some other mammals, and the Gastrointestinal tract, gut in others. The adult human rectum is about long, and begins at the rectosigmoid junction (the end of the s ...
and peritoneum
The peritoneum is the serous membrane forming the lining of the abdominal cavity or coelom in amniotes and some invertebrates, such as annelids. It covers most of the intra-abdominal (or coelomic) organs, and is composed of a layer of mesoth ...
.
* ''Asepsie et antisepsie chirurgicales'', 1893 (with Octave Terrillon) – Surgical asepsis and antisepsis.
* ''Les fractures malléolaires du cou-de-pied et les accidents du travail'', 1907 – Malleolar fractures of the instep and work-related accidents.Most widely held works by Henri Chaput
OCLC WorldCat
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:Chaput, Henri
1857 births
1919 deaths
People from Tonnerre, Yonne
French surgeons