Henri Béraud (; 21 September 1885 in
Lyon
Lyon,, ; Occitan language, Occitan: ''Lion'', hist. ''Lionés'' also spelled in English as Lyons, is the List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, third-largest city and Urban area (France), second-largest metropolitan area of F ...
– 24 October 1958 in
Saint-Clément-des-Baleines,
Ré Island), also known as Tristan Audebert, was a French novelist and journalist. He was sentenced to death in 1945, which was later commuted to life imprisonment, for collaboration with Germany.
Life
Henri Béraud was the son of a baker. In 1903 he began his work in journalism.
He joined the satirical weekly ''
Le Canard enchaîné
(; English: "The Chained Duck" or "The Chained Paper", as is French slang meaning "newspaper") is a satirical weekly newspaper in France. Its headquarters is in Paris.
Founded in 1915 during World War I, it features investigative journalism a ...
'' in February 1917, recommended by
Paul Vaillant-Couturier
Paul Vaillant-Couturier (8 January 1892 – 10 October 1937) was a French writer and communist. He participated in the founding of the French Communist Party (PCF) in 1920.
Biography
Born into a family of actors, Vaillant-Couturier studied law ...
, and
Roland Dorgeles. He renewed his old friendship with
Albert Londres. He also wrote for ''
Le Crapouillot
''Le Crapouillot'' was a French magazine started by Jean Galtier-Boissière as a satiric publication in France, during World War I. In the trenches during World War I, the affectionate term for '' le petit crapaud'', "the little toad" was used by ...
'', the magazine started by
Jean Galtier-Boissiere.
He published stories, a short series (''L'angoisse du mercanti ou le compte du tonneau'' in 1918), a study on Lyonnais humor, and especially
polemic
Polemic () is contentious rhetoric intended to support a specific position by forthright claims and to undermine the opposing position. The practice of such argumentation is called ''polemics'', which are seen in arguments on controversial topic ...
al articles. He was also an international reporter at the ''
Petit Parisien'' and ''
Paris-Soir'', from 1934 to 1944.
He later became known as one of France's best-selling novelists and reporters, and won the
Prix Goncourt
The Prix Goncourt (french: Le prix Goncourt, , ''The Goncourt Prize'') is a prize in French literature, given by the académie Goncourt to the author of "the best and most imaginative prose work of the year". The prize carries a symbolic reward o ...
in 1922. He was virulently
Anglophobic and to a lesser extent
antisemitic. These factors led him to support
Vichy France
Vichy France (french: Régime de Vichy; 10 July 1940 – 9 August 1944), officially the French State ('), was the fascist French state headed by Marshal Philippe Pétain during World War II. Officially independent, but with half of its te ...
. He did this by contributing pieces to the fascist weekly paper ''
Gringoire'', indicating his hatred of British forces and criticism of the
Free French
Free France (french: France Libre) was a political entity that claimed to be the legitimate government of France following the dissolution of the Third Republic. Led by French general , Free France was established as a government-in-exile ...
.
Typical of Vichy anti-British propaganda was the widely distributed pamphlet published in August 1940 and written by self-proclaimed "professional Anglophobe" Henri Béraud entitled, ("Should England Be Reduced to Slavery?"); the question in the title was merely rhetorical. Additionally, Vichy mixed Anglophobia with racism and
antisemitism
Antisemitism (also spelled anti-semitism or anti-Semitism) is hostility to, prejudice towards, or discrimination against Jews. A person who holds such positions is called an antisemite. Antisemitism is considered to be a form of racism.
Antis ...
to portray the British as a racially degenerate "mixed race" working for Jewish capitalists, in contrast to the "racially pure" peoples on the continent of Europe who were building a "New Order".
His aid of the
Vichy government
Vichy France (french: Régime de Vichy; 10 July 1940 – 9 August 1944), officially the French State ('), was the fascist French state headed by Marshal Philippe Pétain during World War II. Officially independent, but with half of its terr ...
caused him to be sentenced to death in 1945, but several writers, including
François Mauriac
François Charles Mauriac (, oc, Francés Carles Mauriac; 11 October 1885 – 1 September 1970) was a French novelist, dramatist, critic, poet, and journalist, a member of the'' Académie française'' (from 1933), and laureate of the Nobel Prize ...
intervened on his behalf. The sentence was commuted by
Charles de Gaulle to life imprisonment. By 1950 he was freed for health reasons. He died eight years later.
Works
* ''L'École moderne de peinture lyonnaise'' (1912)
* ''Le Vitriol de Lune'' (1921, prix Goncourt 1922)
* ''Le Martyre de l'obèse'', (prix Goncourt 1922)
* ''Lazarus'',
Albin Michel Albin may refer to:
Places
* Albin, Wyoming, US
* Albin Township, Brown County, Minnesota, US
* Albin, Virginia, US
People
* Albin (given name), origin of the name and people with the first name "Albin"
* Albin (surname)
;Mononyms
* Albin of ...
, 1924 (re-published in 2006 by
Hippocampus Press
Hippocampus Press is an American publisher that specializes in, "the works of H. P. Lovecraft and his literary circle." Founded in 1999, and based in New York City, Hippocampus is operated by founder Derrick Hussey.
As of 2017, it has issued ...
together with ''An Exchange of Souls'' by
Barry Pain
Barry Eric Odell Pain (28 September 18645 May 1928) was an English journalist, poet, humorist and writer.
Biography
Born in Cambridge, Barry Pain was educated at Sedbergh School and Corpus Christi College, Cambridge. He became a prominent contri ...
, ed.
S. T. Joshi)
*''Ce que j'ai vu à Moscou'', Les Éditions de France 1925
*''Le Bois du templier pendu'', Les Éditions de France, 1926
*''Ce que j'ai vu à Berlin'', Les Éditions de France, 1926
*''La Gerbe d'or'', Les Éditions de France, 1928
*''Ce que j'ai vu à Rome'', Les Éditions de France, 1929
*''Qu’as-tu fait de ta jeunesse?'' (1941)
*''Les Lurons de Sabolas'' (1932)
*''Ciel de suie'' (1933)
*''Faut-il réduire l'Angleterre en esclavage'' (1935)
*''Les raisons d'un silence'', Inter-France, 1944
*''Les derniers beaux jours'', Plon, 1953
*''Portraits de contemporains''
*''Retour sentimental vers Alphonse Daudet'', 2001
*''Écrits dans Gringoire (1928–1937)'', 2003
*''Au Capucin Gourmand''
*''Le Flâneur salarié''
*'' "Rendez-vous européens'', Les Éditions de France, 1928
References
External links
Novo Press
{{DEFAULTSORT:Beraud, Henri
1885 births
1958 deaths
Writers from Lyon
French fascists
20th-century French novelists
20th-century French male writers
Writers from Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
French military personnel of World War I
French collaborators with Nazi Germany
Prix Goncourt winners
French male novelists
French male non-fiction writers
20th-century French journalists