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Henri I de Bourbon, Prince of Condé (29 December 1552 – 5 March 1588) was a French Prince du Sang and
Following the death of his father, Louis, at the Battle of Jarnac,
Huguenot
The Huguenots ( , also , ) were a religious group of French Protestants who held to the Reformed, or Calvinist, tradition of Protestantism. The term, which may be derived from the name of a Swiss political leader, the Genevan burgomaster Bez ...
general like his more prominent father, Louis I, Prince of Condé.
Life
Henri was the eldest son of Louis I de Bourbon and Eléanor de Roye, daughter and heiress of Charles de Roye, Count of Roucy. Of the eight children in his family, he and his brother François, Prince of Conti, were the only ones to have children.
Following the death of his father, Louis, at the Battle of Jarnac, Jeanne d'Albret
Jeanne d'Albret ( Basque: ''Joana Albretekoa''; Occitan: ''Joana de Labrit''; 16 November 1528 – 9 June 1572), also known as Jeanne III, was Queen of Navarre from 1555 to 1572.
Jeanne was the daughter of Henry II of Navarre and Marga ...
introduced Henri and her own son, Henry of Navarre, as pages to Admiral Coligny. Since both were ''princes of the blood'', this act gave the Huguenot cause legitimacy.
At the Battle of Moncontour
The Battle of Moncontour occurred on 3 October 1569 between the Royalist Catholic forces of King Charles IX of France, commanded by Henry, Duke of Anjou, and the Huguenots commanded by Gaspard de Coligny.
The battle
Weeks before, Coligny had lift ...
on 3 October 1569, Henri was wounded in the face and was forced to retreat. Attending the wedding of Henry of Navarre and the subsequent massacre of Protestants, Henri was forced to convert to Catholicism, face death or life imprisonment. In his escape from Paris, Henri was joined by Theodore Beza, who published his ''Du droit des magistrats sur leurs sujets'' in Germany.
By 1573 the Huguenot cause had made some political gains in the Midi
MIDI (; Musical Instrument Digital Interface) is a technical standard that describes a communications protocol, digital interface, and electrical connectors that connect a wide variety of electronic musical instruments, computers, an ...
, consequently Henri was assigned "governor general and protector". Following the Peace of Monsieur
The Edict of Beaulieu (also known at the time as the Peace of Monsieur) was promulgated from Beaulieu-lès-Loches on 6 May 1576 by Henry III of France, who was pressured by François, Duke of Anjou, Alençon's support of the Protestant army besieg ...
, he was restored to his governorship of Picardy. During the sixth war of religion, he commanded the forces that captured Brouage and allowed for English aid for the Huguenots. And, it would be Henri, angered by Catholic resistance to his governorship of Picardy, who started the seventh war of religion by seizing the town of La Fère
La Fère () is a commune in the Aisne department in Hauts-de-France in France.
Population
See also
* Communes of the Aisne department
The following is a list of the 799 communes in the French department of Aisne.
The communes cooper ...
in November 1579.
In 1588, Henri died at Saint-Jean-d'Angély after a brief illness.
Marriages
He married twice, first to his cousin, Marie of Cleves. With Marie, Henri had one child: * Catherine (1574–1595), Marquise d'Isles Secondly, Henri married his second cousin once removed, Charlotte Catherine de La Tremoille (1568–1629), daughter of Louis III de La Trémoille. They had at least two children: * Éléonore de Bourbon (1587–1619), married in 1606 to Philip William, Prince of Orange. *Henri II, Prince of Condé
Henri II de Bourbon, Prince of Condé (1 September 1588 – 26 December 1646) was the head of the senior-most cadet branch of the House of Bourbon for nearly all his life and heir presumptive to the King of France for the first few years of his li ...
(1588–1646)
References
Sources
* * {{DEFAULTSORT:Henri 01 de Bourbon, Prince de Conde 1552 births 1588 deaths People from La Ferté-sous-Jouarre House of Bourbon-Condé Huguenots French people of the French Wars of Religion Princes of Condé 16th-century peers of France