''Helicolenus'' is a
genus of marine
ray-finned fishes belonging to the
family Scorpaenidae
The Scorpaenidae (also known as scorpionfish) are a family of mostly marine fish that includes many of the world's most venomous species. As their name suggests, scorpionfish have a type of "sting" in the form of sharp spines coated with venom ...
where they are classified within the
subfamily
In biological classification, a subfamily (Latin: ', plural ') is an auxiliary (intermediate) taxonomic rank, next below family but more inclusive than genus. Standard nomenclature rules end subfamily botanical names with "-oideae", and zoologi ...
Sebastinae, the rockfishes. The species in this genus are found in the
Indian,
Atlantic and
Pacific oceans.
Taxonomy
''Helicolenus'' was described by a genus in 1896 by the American ichthyologists
George Brown Goode &
Tarleton Hoffman Bean using ''Scorpaena dactyloptera'' as its
type species which had originally been
described by the
Genevan physician,
naturalist,
chemist,
botanist
Botany, also called , plant biology or phytology, is the science of plant life and a branch of biology. A botanist, plant scientist or phytologist is a scientist who specialises in this field. The term "botany" comes from the Ancient Greek wo ...
and
ichthyologist
Ichthyology is the branch of zoology devoted to the study of fish, including bony fish ( Osteichthyes), cartilaginous fish (Chondrichthyes), and jawless fish (Agnatha). According to FishBase, 33,400 species of fish had been described as of Octobe ...
François Étienne Delaroche in 1809.
[ The genus name is a compound of ''helikos'' which means "twisted" or "curved" but meaning "strong" according to Goode and Bean, possibly in error for ''hadros''; and ''oleni'' meaning "elbow" or "arm", an allusion to the “strong pectoral fins” of ''H. dactylopterus''.]
Species
There are 9 recognised species:Helicolenus avius
''Helicolenus'' is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Scorpaenidae where they are classified within the subfamily Sebastinae, the rockfishes. The species in this genus are found in the Indian, Atlantic and Pacific oceans. ...
'' T. Abe & Eschmeyer, 1972
* ''Helicolenus barathri
''Helicolenus barathri'', the bigeye sea perch, bigeye ocean perch, coral cod, coral perch, red gurnard perch, red perch or red rock perch, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the subfamily Sebastinae, part of the family Scorpaeni ...
'' ( Hector, 1875) (bigeye sea perch, Offshore ocean perch, bigeye ocean perch)
* ''Helicolenus dactylopterus
''Helicolenus dactylopterus'', blackbelly rosefish, bluemouth rockfish, and bluemouth seaperch, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the subfamily Sebastinae which is classified within the family Scorpaenidae. This Atlantic spe ...
'' ( Delaroche, 1809) (blackbelly rosefish)
* ''Helicolenus fedorovi
''Helicolenus'' is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Scorpaenidae where they are classified within the subfamily Sebastinae, the rockfishes. The species in this genus are found in the Indian, Atlantic and Pacific oceans. ...
'' Barsukov, 1973
* '' Helicolenus hilgendorfii'' ( Döderlein ( de), 1884) (Hilgendorf's saucord)
* ''Helicolenus lahillei
''Helicolenus'' is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Scorpaenidae where they are classified within the subfamily Sebastinae, the rockfishes. The species in this genus are found in the Indian, Atlantic and Pacific ocean ...
'' Norman, 1937
* ''Helicolenus lengerichi
''Helicolenus'' is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the Family (biology), family Scorpaenidae where they are classified within the subfamily Sebastinae, the rockfishes. The species in this genus are found in the Indian Ocean, Indi ...
'' Norman, 1937
* ''Helicolenus mouchezi
''Helicolenus'' is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Scorpaenidae where they are classified within the subfamily Sebastinae, the rockfishes. The species in this genus are found in the Indian, Atlantic and Pacific ocean ...
'' (Sauvage Sauvage, French for "savage" may refer to:
; as a surname:
* Catherine Sauvage (1929–1998), a French singer and actress
* Cyrille Sauvage (born 1973), a French racing driver
* Frédéric Sauvage (1786–1857), a French boat builder who carried ...
, 1875)
* ''Helicolenus percoides
''Helicolenus percoides'', the reef ocean perch, coral cod, coral perch, Jock Stewart, kuriarki, ocean perch, red gurnard perch, red gurnard scorpionfish, red ocean perch, red perch, red rock perch, scarpee or sea perch, is a species of marine A ...
'' ( J. Richardson & Solander
Daniel Carlsson Solander or Daniel Charles Solander (19 February 1733 – 13 May 1782) was a Swedish naturalist and an apostle of Carl Linnaeus.
Solander was the first university-educated scientist to set foot on Australian soil.
Biography
...
, 1842) (red gurnard perch, Inshore ocean perch, reef ocean perch, jock stewart)
Characteristics
''Helicolenus'' fishes have a large head which bears spiny ridges and has a large mouth. There are 5 spines on the posterior and lower margin of the preoperculum and two obvious spines close to the posterior of the operculum. Their dorsal fins have 11-13 robust spines and 10 to 14 soft rays.standard length
Fish measurement is the measuring of individual fish and various parts of their anatomies. These data are used in many areas of ichthyology, including taxonomy and fisheries biology.
Overall length
* Standard length (SL) is the length of a fish m ...
of in ''H. fedorovi'' and ''H. hilgendorfii'' up to a total length of in ''H. dactylopterus''.[
]
Distribution and habitat
''Helicolenus'' rockfishes are found in the Pacific and Atlantic oceans. They are benthic, demersal and bathydemersal fishes.[
]
Biology
''Helicolenus'' rockfishes are ovoviviparous and fertilisation is internal.[ They have been known to live for up to 42 years.][
]
Fisheries
''Helicolenus'' rockfishes are commercially important species in fisheries in some regions such as southern Australia.[
]
References
{{Taxonbar, from=Q1764110
Sebastini
Marine fish genera
Taxa named by George Brown Goode
Taxa named by Tarleton Hoffman Bean