The Campylobacterales are an order of
Campylobacterota
Campylobacterota are a phylum of bacteria. All species of this phylum are Gram-negative.
The Campylobacterota consist of few known genera, mainly the curved to spirilloid ''Wolinella'' spp., ''Helicobacter'' spp., and ''Campylobacter'' spp. Most ...
which make up the epsilon subdivision, together with the small family
Nautiliaceae
The Nautiliaceae are a family of bacteria placed in an order to itself, Nautiliales, or in the order Campylobacterales. The members of the family are all thermophilic. They are:
*'' Caminibacter'' Alain ''et al.'' 2002
**'' Caminibacter hydrogeni ...
. They are
Gram-negative
Gram-negative bacteria are bacteria that do not retain the crystal violet stain used in the Gram staining method of bacterial differentiation. They are characterized by their cell envelopes, which are composed of a thin peptidoglycan cell wall ...
. Most of the species are
microaerophilic
A microaerophile is a microorganism that requires environments containing lower levels of dioxygen than that are present in the atmosphere (i.e. < 21% O2; typically 2–10% O2) for optimal growth.[ A more re ...]
.
[Garrity, George M.; Brenner, Don J.; Krieg, Noel R.; Staley, James T. (eds.) (2005). Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Volume Two: The Proteobacteria, Part C: The Alpha-, Beta-, Delta-, and Epsilonproteobacteria. New York, New York: Springer. .]
Molecular signatures
Comparative genomic analysis has led to the identification of 49 proteins which are uniquely found in virtually all species of the order Campylobacterales. Additionally, two
conserved signature indels Conserved signature inserts and deletions (CSIs) in protein sequences provide an important category of molecular markers for understanding phylogenetic relationships. CSIs, brought about by rare genetic changes, provide useful phylogenetic markers ...
have been identified which, along with the proteins, serve as molecular markers for the order. The indels are a three-amino-acid insertion in the B protein of the
Uvr ABC system, and a two-amino-acid deletion in
phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase.
[Gupta, R. S. (2006). Molecular signatures (unique proteins and conserved indels) that are specific for the epsilon proteobacteria. BMC Genomics. 7:167.]
References
Campylobacterota
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